Congenital epulis is a rare, benign, neonatal tumor in the oral cavity. Its size can reach several centimeters, posing an obstruction to breathing and feeding. Prenatal diagnosis provides an opportunity to adequately prepare for delivery, including securing the airway, or even ex utero intrapartum treatment. The authors present the case of a newborn girl, whose postnatally discovered lesions suggested congenital epulis. The operation took place a few hours after birth, the histological examination of the excised tumor concluded the presumed diagnosis. Since its first description in 1871, less than 250 publications of congenital epulis have been reported. This is the first case report in Hungarian on the topic. The authors' goal is to exhibit this rare entity and raise awareness of questions that might arise during medical care. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(6): 243-246. A congenitalis epulis rendkívül ritka, jóindulatú, újszülöttkori szájüregi tumor. Mérete a több centiméteres nagyságot is elérheti, ezért légúti és táplálási akadályt képezhet. Praenatalis felismerése lehetőséget ad a szülésre való megfelelő felkészülésre, beleértve a légútbiztosítást, akár az ex utero intrapartum beavatkozást. A szerzők egy újszülött leánygyermek esetét mutatják be, akinél a megszületést követően észlelt elváltozások felvetették a congenitalis epulis gyanúját. A gyermek műtéti ellátására néhány órás életkorban került sor, az eltávolított tumor hisztológiai vizsgálata alátámasztotta a feltételezett diagnózist. A szakirodalomban a congenitalis epulis első, 1871. évi leírása óta kevesebb mint 250 közlemény született világszerte. A témában ez az első magyar nyelvű esetismertetés, amellyel a szerzők célja bemutatni egy ritka elváltozást, továbbá felhívni a figyelmet az ellátás során felmerülő kérdésekre. Orv Hetil. 2025; 167(6): 243–246.

Congenital eruption cysts manifest in neonates when the dental follicle separates from the crown of an erupting tooth coronal to the alveolar ridge. Clinical diagnosis can be challenging as it can present clinically similar to congenital epulis and other benign newborn pathologies. They can occasionally cause difficulty with feeding and latching, which can inhibit the newborn's early development. Here we present a 26-hour-old twin male infant who was evaluated for a dome-shaped nodule on the mandibular alveolar ridge. Surgical excision was performed due to difficulty in latching and feeding, and histopathological analysis revealed a congenital eruption cyst. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a congenital eruption cyst, listing the histopathological features. A thorough literature review and a list of differential diagnoses are also discussed.

At the full-term birth of a healthy girl, a swelling was observed in her mouth. Clinical examination revealed a firm, elastic swelling, pedunculated to the superior alveolar process. The swelling, larger than 2 centimeters, hindered mouth closure and prevented normal feeding. It did not interfere with breathing. An MRI scan ruled out vascular malformations, after which the pedicle was surgically removed under general anaesthesia. Histopathological examination showed a subepithelial mass consisting of cells with abundant granular cytoplasm, consistent with the diagnosis of congenital epulis. Congenital epulis is a rare benign tumour, occurring on the upper jaw of newborns. The condition has an incidence of 6 in 1,000,000 and predominantly occurs in girls. Its aetiology is unknown. If there are no feeding or breathing issues, one can await spontaneous regression. Bij de terme geboorte van een gezond meisje viel een zwelling in de mondholte op. Klinisch onderzoek toonde een vast-elastische zwelling, gesteeld verbonden aan de processus alveolaris superior. De zwelling, groter dan 2 cm, belemmerde het sluiten van de mond en verhinderde normale voeding. Het interfereerde niet met de ademhaling. Een MRI-scan sloot vasculaire malformaties uit, waarna onder algehele anesthesie de steel werd doorgesneden. Bij histopathologisch onderzoek werd een subepitheliaal gelegen massa gezien van cellen met ruim granulair cytoplasma. Dit past bij de diagnose congenitale epulis. Congenitale epulis is een zeldzame goedaardige tumor, die voorkomt bij pasgeborenen op de bovenkaak. De aandoening heeft een incidentie van 6 per miljoen geboortes en komt voornamelijk bij meisjes voor. De etiologie is onbekend. Als er geen problemen zijn bij de voeding of ademhaling, kan spontane regressie worden afgewacht.

Congenital fibrous epulis (CFE) is an extremely rare benign gingival lesion of infancy that is typically observed in the maxillary alveolar crest, with its etiology still being unclear. Microscopically, it lacks the granular cells required for the standard diagnosis of congenital epulis (CE). We report a case of CFE in a 4-year-old girl on the mandibular gingiva, which was interfering with the child's mastication and speech, for which excision was done under local anesthesia. The patient was followed up for a period of 1 year, and there was no evidence of recurrence. Early diagnosis by appropriate investigations and timely management can aid in proper maintenance of oral health. Complete examination of the oral cavity of newborns as a routine procedure is needed. If diagnosed with such lesions, newborns should be immediately treated to restore vital functions and improve quality of life. Hiremath MC, Krishnappa S, Srinath S, et al. Congenital Fibrous Epulis in a 4-year-old Girl: A Rare Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(5):610-612.

Congenital granular cell epulis (CGCE) is a rare benign tumor typically presenting at birth and most commonly located on the maxillary alveolar ridge. We report the case of a five-day-old female with a smooth, multilobulated mass on the right maxillary alveolar ridge causing feeding difficulties. Surgical excision was performed under sedation. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of CGCE. No recurrence was observed at one-month follow-up. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of CGCE are essential to avoid functional impairment. The prognosis is excellent following complete excision. Throughout history, numerous investigators have reported a high prevalence of benign palatal mucosal cysts in newborns (see Image. Palatal Cysts of the Newborn). In 1880, Prague pediatrician Alois Epstein first described the presence of small nodules in the oral cavities of newborns, which were later termed "Epstein pearls." However, it was not until 1967 that Alfred Fromm conducted the largest study on oral inclusion cysts, examining 1367 newborns. Fromm classified the cysts by location and composition into Epstein pearls, Bohn nodules, and dental lamina cysts, concluding that these lesions are common in infants.  Epstein pearls, Bohn nodules, and gingival cysts of the newborn (also known as dental lamina cysts) are remarkably similar lesions that have often been confused or used interchangeably over time. They share more similarities than differences, including clinical appearance, histology, and natural history of evolution; however, they differ in their embryological origins. Currently, the term "palatal cysts" refers to Epstein pearls and Bohn nodules, whereas "gingival cysts" refers to dental lamina cysts. Differentiating among these 3 entities clinically is not always possible or necessary, as diagnosis relies primarily on their clinical appearance, and the treatment approach is the same for all. However, healthcare professionals caring for newborns should be well-informed about these benign, self-resolving lesions to distinguish them from other conditions that require invasive management, such as congenital epulis of the newborn and natal or neonatal teeth.