Ectopia cordis ou ectopia cardíaca é uma malformação congénita rara caracterizada pela localização do coração fora da cavidade torácica do recém-nascido. O coração pode estar localizado na superfície externa anterior da cavidade torácica ou deslocado para a cervical ou para o abdómen. Foi descrita pela primeira vez por Haller em 1706, embora existam registros nos escritos cuneiformes do Império babilônico.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
Ectopia cordis é uma anomalia congênita rara onde o coração se localiza total ou parcialmente fora da cavidade torácica. Geralmente associada a outras malformações, sua gravidade varia, impactando significativamente a sobrevida.
Escala de raridade
<1/50kMuito rara
1/20kRara
1/10kPouco freq.
1/5kIncomum
1/2k
Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →
Entender a doença
Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo
Preparando trilha educativa...
Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →
Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Nenhum gene associado encontrado
Os dados genéticos desta condição ainda estão sendo catalogados.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Ectopia cordis
Selecione um estado ou use sua localização para ver resultados.
Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.
Pesquisa ativa
Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes
Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos
Nenhum ensaio clínico registrado para esta condição.
Publicações mais relevantes
Cantrell Syndrome and the One Health Perspective: A Unified Review of Human and Comparative Cases.
Cantrell syndrome (CS) is a rare congenital disorder involving defects in the thoraco-abdominal midline, the diaphragm, the pericardium, the sternum and the heart. Since the initial description of the syndrome, 165 well-documented cases in humans have been reported, demonstrating substantial heterogeneity ranging from complete pentalogy to partial or atypical variants. A systematic review classified body wall defects and associated anomalies into nine categories, which are fully described in the manuscript. The categories include midline defects (UThAb, SUThAb, UAb, SUAb, SUICD, and UH), lateral defects (ThLAb and StLAb), and special cases. Each case was reassessed for umbilical cord status, body wall morphology, cardiac anomalies and additional malformations. Midline defects predominated (153 out of 165 cases, 92.7%), with supraumbilical variants being the most frequent. Umbilical hernias formed a distinct subgroup of ten cases. Lateral defects were uncommon (9 cases, 5.5%) and typically presented as thoracogastroschisis or lateral thoracoabdominoschisis. These defects were often associated with normal umbilical cords. Cardiac anomalies were universal, with ventricular and atrial septal defects being the most common findings. Reclassification revealed that many cases originally labeled as 'classic pentalogy of Cantrell' were more accurately classified as partial or atypical forms. This unified framework improves epidemiological understanding and diagnostic precision. From a One Health perspective, it underscores CS as a shared developmental vulnerability across mammalian species.
Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges of Congenital Thoracoabdominal Wall Defects in Dogs: Insights from a Case Series and Literature Synthesis.
Congenital thoracoabdominal wall defects in dogs are uncommon and challenging to classify due to their overlapping anatomical and developmental features. This study analyzes three original canine cases alongside 17 published cases to clarify the relationships among Cantrell syndrome (CS), amniotic band syndrome (ABS), and body stalk anomaly (BSA). All of the original cases exhibited thoracoabdominal involvement with variations in umbilical cord morphology and associated anomalies. A comparative analysis revealed that these conditions form a syndromic continuum rather than distinct entities, influenced by the timing and mechanism of embryonic disruption. Early developmental insults were associated with multisystem malformations resembling CS or BSA, whereas later vascular disruptions produced more localized defects, such as gastroschisis. Umbilical cord morphology emerged as a key diagnostic discriminator across cases. Based on these findings, we developed an anatomically driven diagnostic decision tree to support clinical evaluation when information is incomplete. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating embryologic context with anatomical assessment and identifies significant gaps in molecular and genetic data. A developmental continuum model offers a more flexible, clinically meaningful framework for diagnosing congenital body wall defects in dogs.
Integrating Mathematics into Prenatal Diagnosis-Different Phenotypes of Complex Ventral Wall Malformations Determined by Hierarchical Clustering.
Background/Objectives: To identify distinct sonographic phenotypes of complex malformations of the fetal ventral wall. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of ultrasound reports from 160 fetuses diagnosed with complex ventral wall defects at a single tertiary referral center between 1997 and 2021. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to identify distinct sonographic phenotypes based on the level of the ventral wall defect and associated anomalies. Results: Ventral wall defects involved the abdominal wall in 150 cases, the thoracic wall in 42 cases, and the pelvic wall in 28 cases, either in isolation or in combination. Open neural tube defects were present in 58 fetuses (36.3%), spinal defects in 110 fetuses (68.8%), and limb anomalies in 45 fetuses (28.1%). Additional anomalies were identified in 38 fetuses (23.8%), including cardiac anomalies in 18 cases (11.3%). Amniotic bands were observed in seven cases (4.4%). Using agglomerative hierarchical clustering, five groups of fetuses with differing numbers of observations were identified (cluster 1, n = 104; cluster 2, n = 5; cluster 3, n = 30; cluster 4, n = 10; cluster 5, n = 11). The silhouette score of the clustering model was 0.3285. The most discriminative features for each cluster, expressed as feature importance values, were as follows: kyphoscoliosis for cluster 1 (0.924), pelvic wall defect for cluster 2 (0.852), ectopia cordis for cluster 3 (0.662), limb anomalies for cluster 4 (0.767), and spina bifida for cluster 5 (0.691). Conclusions: Complex malformations of the fetal ventral wall are associated with a wide spectrum of additional anomalies. Hierarchical clustering identified five distinct sonographic phenotypes of complex ventral wall defects, highlighting the heterogeneity of these conditions.
Pentalogy of Cantrell: Comprehensive Multimodal Imaging Evaluation in an Adult With Ectopia Cordis.
Pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is a rare congenital syndrome defined by 5 midline structural defects involving the heart, sternum, diaphragm, pericardium, and abdominal wall. Adult survival is exceptional, particularly in cases associated with ectopia cordis (EC). A 29-year-old asymptomatic man with ectopia cordis was evaluated using multimodal cardiac imaging, which demonstrated sternal, diaphragmatic, and pericardial defects consistent with PC, along with a large ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus causing pulmonary hypertension. Surgical correction was declined, and medical therapy was indicated with clinical stability. Comprehensive multimodal imaging allows accurate anatomic characterization and functional assessment of complex congenital malformations, while adult presentation underscores the variable spectrum of PC and the potential for survival in partial or less severe forms. PC rarely presents in adulthood. Multimodal imaging is essential for diagnosis and management. Survival depends on less severe intracardiac and thoracoabdominal defects.
Ectopia cordis: enhancing understanding with 3D reconstruction.
Publicações recentes
Ectopia cordis: enhancing understanding with 3D reconstruction.
Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges of Congenital Thoracoabdominal Wall Defects in Dogs: Insights from a Case Series and Literature Synthesis.
Integrating Mathematics into Prenatal Diagnosis-Different Phenotypes of Complex Ventral Wall Malformations Determined by Hierarchical Clustering.
Cantrell Syndrome and the One Health Perspective: A Unified Review of Human and Comparative Cases.
Pentalogy of Cantrell: Comprehensive Multimodal Imaging Evaluation in an Adult With Ectopia Cordis.
📚 EuropePMC290 artigos no totalmostrando 115
Ectopia cordis: enhancing understanding with 3D reconstruction.
Medical ultrasonographyClinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges of Congenital Thoracoabdominal Wall Defects in Dogs: Insights from a Case Series and Literature Synthesis.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPIIntegrating Mathematics into Prenatal Diagnosis-Different Phenotypes of Complex Ventral Wall Malformations Determined by Hierarchical Clustering.
Journal of clinical medicineCantrell Syndrome and the One Health Perspective: A Unified Review of Human and Comparative Cases.
Veterinary sciencesPentalogy of Cantrell: Comprehensive Multimodal Imaging Evaluation in an Adult With Ectopia Cordis.
JACC. Case reportsDelayed Clinical Onset of Congenital Heart Disease in a Geriatric Macaw (Ara ararauna).
Journal of avian medicine and surgeryTHE COMPLEX ANOMALY OF THORACO-ABDOMINAL ECTOPIA CORDIS IN IBADAN: MAKING A CASE FOR IMPROVED NHIA COVERAGE: A CASE REPORT.
Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicineSurgical Repair of Ectopia Cordis in a Sub-Saharan African Country (Benin).
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon reportsClinical and Surgical Perspectives on Isolated Thoracic Ectopia Cordis: A Rare Case Report.
Case reports in pediatricsAsymptomatic young male with ectopia cordis interna: A rare case report: Retraction.
MedicineEctopia cordis and borderline left heart: Application of a novel approach.
JTCVS techniquesAsymptomatic young male with ectopia cordis interna: A rare case report.
MedicineHeart Exposed: Strategies for Cardiac Arrest in Ectopia Cordis.
The Journal of emergency medicinePentalogy of Cantrell with Complete Ectopia Cordis.
Radiology. Cardiothoracic imagingComplex management of ectopia cordis complicated by pentalogy of cantrell: Report of two cases and review of current evidence.
International journal of surgery case reportsEctopia cordis with multiple congenital malformations: rare but real.
Journal of ultrasoundAnesthesia for Pentalogy of Cantrell with Surgical Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot Along with Absent Diaphragm: A Case Study.
Annals of cardiac anaesthesiaReconstruction of a Sternal Cleft and Ventral Hernia in an Adolescent with Pentalogy of Cantrell Utilizing Titanium Plates.
The American surgeonConcomitant omphalocele, craniorachischisis and ectopic cordis associated with trisomy 18 diagnosed in first trimester.
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecologyComplete pentalogy of Cantrell associated with ectopia cordis and multiple anomalies: A case report from a low-resource setting.
Radiology case reportsPectoralis Major and Abdominis Rectus Musculocutaneous Flap Reconstruction for Sternal Wound Closure in Ectopia Cordis.
Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global openPentalogy of Cantrell Marked With Ectopia Cordis, Gastroschisis, and Cystic Hygroma in the First Trimester: A Rare Case.
CureusVentral body wall closure: Mechanistic insights from mouse models and translation to human pathology.
Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of AnatomistsFour-Vessel Umbilical Cord: Supernumerary Right Umbilical Vein With No Associated Congenital Anomalies.
CureusA Case Report of Thoracic Ectopia Cordis in a Hospital in Zanjan, Iran.
Case reports in pediatricsEctopia cordis coexisting with hypoplastic left heart structures.
Folia medica CracoviensiaThoracic ectopia cordis: A case report.
MedwaveLimb body wall complex in a 28-week fetus and impact of cultural beliefs on maternal outcomes: A case report.
SAGE open medical case reportsComplete Thoracic Ectopia Cordis in Two Lambs.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPIHow do we treat severely prolapsed true ectopia cordis?
European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic SurgeryImages of Extremely Rare Cantrell Phenomenon.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)Epignathus and thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis in a neonate.
Pediatrics and neonatologyCongenital Absence of Sternum: A Surgical Technique for Successful Outcome.
CureusThe importance of designing a protector for a preterm and low birth weight infant with ectopia cordis.
Clinical case reportsThe pentalogy of Cantrell: A rare and challenging prenatal diagnosis.
International journal of surgery case reportsPerinatal Outcomes of Fetuses with Prenatally Diagnosed Atrial Appendage Aneurysm.
Pediatric cardiologySurgical treatment of neonatal Cantrell pentalogy: a case report and literature review.
AME case reportsPentalogy of Cantrell in Two Neonate Littermate Puppies: A Spontaneous Animal Model Suggesting Familial Inheritance.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPIEctopia cordis with multiple ventricular septal defect and sternal cleft in a newborn: a case report.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)Multiple cardiac defects in a rare case of thoracoabdominal ectopia cordis.
Asian journal of surgeryEctopia cordis: prenatal diagnosis, perinatal outcomes, and postnatal follow-up of an international multicenter cohort case series.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal ObstetriciansBody Stalk Anomaly Complicated by Ectopia Cordis: First-Trimester Diagnosis of Two Cases Using 2- and 3-Dimensional Sonography.
Journal of clinical medicineUnexpected Findings of Regulatory Factor X6 Gene Mutation and Severe Hepatic Macrovesicular Steatosis in a Neonate with Congenital Left Ventricle Diverticulum: A Case Report.
Iranian journal of medical sciencesEvaluation of clinical features and outcome of eight fetuses with ectopia cordis; A study from a fetal cardiology center.
Congenital anomaliesComputed tomography angiography features of children with ectopia cordis.
Pediatric radiologyPrenatal diagnosis of fetal ectopia cordis by fetal cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
Prenatal diagnosisEctopia Cordis as a Lethal Neonatal Condition: A Case Report from Bahrain and a Literature Review.
Case reports in pediatricsPentalogy of Cantrell Associated with Ectopia Cordis: A Case Report.
Pediatric health, medicine and therapeuticsRadiological findings of partial expression pentalogy of Cantrell and other multiple congenital anomalies: A rare case report.
Radiology case reportsNew clues to understand gastroschisis. Embryology, pathogenesis and epidemiology.
Colombia medica (Cali, Colombia)A Baby Born with Ectopia Cordis, Omphalocele, Cleft Lips and Palate: A Case Report.
JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical AssociationEctopia cordis in an adult patient with COVID-19: A case report and literature review.
Clinical case reports[Ventricular diverticulum in Cantrell´s pentalogy: rare but not isolated entities].
Archivos peruanos de cardiologia y cirugia cardiovascular[Subtotal sternal agenesis with ectopia cordis: surgical management and long-term outcome (a case in Benin)].
The Pan African medical journalFirst trimester sonographic diagnosis of limb-body wall defect associating both cephalic and thoraco-abdominal defects - a case report and literature update.
Medical ultrasonographyEctopia Cordis: An Uncommon Fatal Disease.
The Annals of thoracic surgeryEctopia cordis: A case report of pre-surgical care in resource-limited setting.
International journal of surgery case reportsLimb body wall complex complicating a dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy: MRI for demonstration of fetal morphology.
BMJ case reportsEctopia Cordis Sternal Cleft Repair With Mandibular Distractors: A Follow-Up Case Report.
World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgeryFour ectopia cordis cases surgically managed with different strategies.
Turk gogus kalp damar cerrahisi dergisiTwin pregnancy in which both fetuses have Cantrell's pentalogy: A case report and literature review.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biologyFirst trimester diagnosis of body stalk anomaly complicated by ectopia cordis.
The Journal of international medical researchSuccessful balloon valvuloplasty using direct puncture of the heart for pentalogy of Cantrell with complete ectopia cordis, low birth weight, single ventricle and severe pulmonary stenosis.
Cardiology in the youngPrenatal diagnosis of a rare isolated thoracic-type ectopia cordis with complete form: a case report.
Journal of ultrasoundConservative management of Cantrell syndrome: a case report.
Journal of surgical case reportsCantrell syndrome in the first trimester of pregnancy: imagistic findings and literature review.
Medical ultrasonographyImplanted pacemaker and cardioverter-defibrillator in a patient with ectopia cordis.
HeartRhythm case reportsCantrell Syndrome (Thoracoabdominal Ectopia Cordis; Anomalous Umbilical Cord; Diaphragmatic, Pericardial and Intracardiac Defects) in the Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus).
Journal of comparative pathologyEctopia Cordis: 6-Year Survival without Surgical Correction.
Fetal and pediatric pathologyThoracoabdominal ectopia cordis with good outcome.
Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyOutcomes for Ectopia Cordis.
The Journal of pediatricsComplete and Incomplete Pentalogy of Cantrell.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)Successful atrial septal defect transcatheter closure in a patient with pentalogy of Cantrell and ectopia cordis.
Postepy w kardiologii interwencyjnej = Advances in interventional cardiologyDiagnosis of fetal non-chromosomal abnormalities on routine ultrasound examination at 11-13 weeks' gestation.
Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and GynecologyTrisomy 18 in a First-Trimester Fetus with Thoraco-Abdominal Ectopia Cordis.
Fetal and pediatric pathologyPHACES syndrome with ectopia cordis and hemihypertrophy.
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)Ectopia Cordis Associated with Pentalogy of Cantrell-A Case Report.
Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e ObstetriciaA comparison of pump-controlled retrograde trial off to arterio-venous bridging for weaning from venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic SurgeryPrenatal Diagnosis and Management of Ectopia Cordis: Varied Presentation Spectrum.
Fetal and pediatric pathologyPrenatal diagnosis of ectopia cordis in a twin fetus.
Archives of gynecology and obstetricsPentalogy of Cantrell associated with unilateral anophthalmia: Case report and literature review.
MedicineCantrell Syndrome-A Rare Complex Congenital Anomaly: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Frontiers in pediatricsHDlive Flow Silhouette Mode for Diagnosis of Ectopia Cordis With a Left Ventricular Diverticulum at 15 Weeks' Gestation.
Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in MedicineReconstruction of Congenital Sternal Clefts: Surgical Experience and Literature Review.
Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global openSternal malformations and anesthetic management.
Paediatric anaesthesiaLDT classification and therapeutic strategy of congenital body wall defects.
Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRASSevere Intrauterine Amputations in One Dichorionic Twin With Pentalogy of Cantrell: Further Evidence and Consideration for Mechanical Teratogenesis.
Pediatric and developmental pathology : the official journal of the Society for Pediatric Pathology and the Paediatric Pathology SocietyPentalogy of Cantrell: Prenatal Diagnosis, Delivery, and Immediate Postnatal Surgical Repair.
Journal of neonatal surgeryThoracic Ectopia Cordis in an Ethiopian Neonate.
Ethiopian journal of health sciencesComplete Ectopia Cordis: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Case reports in pediatricsPentalogy of Cantrell: Is Echocardiography Sufficient in the Neonatal Period?
European journal of pediatric surgery reportsA Recurrent Case of Pentalogy of Cantrell: A Rare Case with Sonological Findings and Review of Literature.
Polish journal of radiologyThe Fetus with Ectopia Cordis: Experience and Expectations from Two Centers.
Pediatric cardiologyA Rare Case Report of Thoracic Ectopia Cordis: An Obstetrician's Point of View in Multidisciplinary Approach.
Case reports in pediatrics[Congenital anomalies of poor prognosis. Genetics Consensus Committee].
Revista chilena de pediatriaAn unusual case of thoracic ectopia cordis in a Toggenburg Goat and its three-dimensional images constructed with X-ray computed tomography.
The Japanese journal of veterinary researchEctopia cordis: a novel palliative care technique.
BMJ supportive & palliative carePENTALOGY OF CANTRELL IN TWINS: A CASE REPORT.
Medicinski pregledA case of Cantrell syndrome diagnosed in the first trimester.
Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecologyASSOCIATED NON DIAPHRAGMATIC ANOMALIES AMONG CASES WITH CONGENITAL DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA.
Genetic counseling (Geneva, Switzerland)When Closure Fails: What the Radiologist Needs to Know About the Embryology, Anatomy, and Prenatal Imaging of Ventral Body Wall Defects.
Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MRLimb body wall complex, amniotic band sequence, or new syndrome caused by mutation in IQ Motif containing K (IQCK)?
Molecular genetics & genomic medicineCoincidence of Incomplete Pentalogy of Cantrell and Meningomyelocele in a Dizygotic Twin Pregnancy.
Case reports in obstetrics and gynecologyThree-dimensional HDlive image of ectopia cordis in a twin fetus at 9 gestational weeks.
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecologyA rare case of cardiac anomaly: prenatally diagnosed ectopia cordis.
Turk pediatri arsiviEctopia cordis. A report of two cases in Cameroon.
Images in paediatric cardiologyClass II pentalogy of Cantrell.
BMC research notesCardiac malposition (ectopia cordis) in a cat.
Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)Pentalogy of Cantrell accompanied by scoliosis and pes equinovarus deformity at 12 weeks gestation.
Clinical and experimental obstetrics & gynecology[Ectopia cordis - case report].
Ceska gynekologiePentalogy of Cantrell with Ectopia Cordis: CT Findings.
Journal of radiology case reportsDiagnosis of pentalogy of cantrell in the first trimester using transvaginal sonography and color Doppler.
Case reports in obstetrics and gynecologyUse of latissimus dorsi pedicled myocutaneous flap for reconstruction in the chest area of an 8-month-old female infant with ectopia cordis.
The Thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon reportsComplex abdominal wall defects: appearances at prenatal imaging.
Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, IncMesenchymal Wnt signaling promotes formation of sternum and thoracic body wall.
Developmental biologyAssociações
Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação
Ainda não temos associações cadastradas para Ectopia cordis.
É de uma associação que acompanha esta doença? Fale com a gente →
Comunidades
Grupos ativos de quem convive com esta doença aqui no Raras
Ainda não existe comunidade no Raras para Ectopia cordis
Pacientes, familiares e cuidadores se organizam em comunidades pra compartilhar experiências, fazer perguntas e se apoiar. Você pode ser o primeiro.
Tire suas dúvidas
Perguntas, dicas e experiências compartilhadas aqui na página
Participe da discussão
Faça login para postar dúvidas, compartilhar experiências e interagir com especialistas.
Fazer loginDoenças relacionadas
Doenças com sintomas parecidos — ajudam quem ainda está buscando diagnóstico
Ainda não achamos doenças com sintomas parecidos o suficiente.
Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Cantrell Syndrome and the One Health Perspective: A Unified Review of Human and Comparative Cases.
- Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Challenges of Congenital Thoracoabdominal Wall Defects in Dogs: Insights from a Case Series and Literature Synthesis.
- Integrating Mathematics into Prenatal Diagnosis-Different Phenotypes of Complex Ventral Wall Malformations Determined by Hierarchical Clustering.
- Pentalogy of Cantrell: Comprehensive Multimodal Imaging Evaluation in an Adult With Ectopia Cordis.
- Ectopia cordis: enhancing understanding with 3D reconstruction.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:448270(Orphanet)
- MONDO:0018664(MONDO)
- GARD:21877(GARD (NIH))
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
- Q1356194(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
