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Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt
ORPHA:64686CID-10 · H49.8CID-11 · 8A85DOENÇA RARA

Os sinais e sintomas da doença de Parkinson são numerosos. A doença de Parkinson afeta o movimento, provocando sintomas motores. Sintomas não motores, que incluem disautonomia, problemas cognitivos e neurocomportamentais e dificuldades sensoriais e de sono, também são comuns. Quando outras doenças apresentam sintomas semelhantes aos da doença de Parkinson, elas são categorizadas como parkinsonismo.

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Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

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Síndrome rara caracterizada por dor ocular unilateral intensa, geralmente associada a paralisia de nervos cranianos (III, IV, VI) e diplopia. A inflamação no seio cavernoso é a causa principal, respondendo bem à corticoterapia.

Publicações científicas
572 artigos
Último publicado: 2026 Mar 26

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
Unknown
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Worldwide
Início
All ages
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SUS: Sem cobertura SUSScore: 0%
CID-10: H49.8
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Publicações mais relevantes

🥉Melhor nível de evidência: Relato de caso
Timeline de publicações
190 papers (10 anos)
#1

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Presenting as Painful Unilateral Ophthalmoplegia in a 65-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report.

Clinical case reports2026 Feb

A 65-year-old woman presented to a tertiary care center with a classical clinical scenario-3 months of persistent, right-sided frontal headache. Over the course of 20 days, a right-sided frontal headache developed into ptosis of the right upper eyelid. The headache was associated with throbbing pain in front of her skull along with periocular pain but without any systemic or neurological red flags. She had longstanding total blindness in the right eye which was diagnosed by complete absence of Perception of Light (PL). On examination, she was awake and afebrile, with unilateral right-sided ptosis and periocular tenderness. Diagnostic workup, including complete blood count, revealed no significant abnormalities, but MRI characterized by non-specific white matter hyperintensities with post-contrast enhancement of the cavernous sinus, indicative of THS. The patient showed a dramatic response to methylprednisolone, with significant ptosis improvement within 48 h, suggesting an underlying inflammatory etiology. This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis by clinical features, radiological evidence & utility of steroid trials in atypical neuro-ophthalmological presentations with inflammatory markers.

#2

Clinical characteristics of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus.

BMC neurology2025 Dec 02

Diabetes mellitus (DM), a globally prevalent metabolic disease, affects the nervous system through multiple mechanisms, leading to cranial neuropathies. Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS) is a rare disorder that, when occurring in diabetic patients, may present with clinical manifestations that overlap with diabetic cranial neuropathy (DCN), increasing the risk of misdiagnosis and delaying corticosteroid treatment. This study aims to systematically analyze the clinical characteristics of THS in diabetic patients and explore optimal management strategies. This study conducted a retrospective analysis, integrating data from previously published cases and cases diagnosed at our center. Inclusion criteria were based on the diagnostic standards for THS outlined in the ICHD-3, while cases with other potential causes of headache and ophthalmoplegia were excluded. Data collected included baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations, treatment regimens, and therapeutic outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, t-test, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. A total of 19 cases of diabetes-associated THS were included (11 males, 8 females), with males presenting at a significantly younger age than females (P = 0.041). All patients experienced severe headaches, 89.47% had ptosis, 94.73% exhibited ophthalmoplegia, and 15.79% presented with facial sensory disturbances. Eight patients were initially misdiagnosed with DCN and received neurotrophic therapy without improvement, but they responded rapidly to corticosteroid treatment. All patients showed significant symptom improvement within six days of corticosteroid administration. Methylprednisolone and dexamethasone demonstrated therapeutic effects comparable to prednisone, though symptom resolution was slightly delayed in the prednisone group. The clinical features of diabetes-associated THS include severe headache, ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia, which can be easily confused with DCN. Corticosteroid therapy demonstrated high efficacy in this cohort. Clinicians should consider the possibility of THS in diabetic patients presenting with ptosis and ophthalmoplegia to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure timely corticosteroid treatment, thereby improving patient outcomes.

#3

Neurological involvement in IgG4-related disease: focus on neuro-ophthalmologic features.

Journal of neurology2025 Nov 26

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibroinflammatory disorder that can affect multiple organs, yet neurological involvement has been considered rare and remains under-characterized. We retrospectively analyzed 77 adult patients with IgG4-RD registered in our database between 2014 and 2023. Clinical, laboratory, imaging, histopathological, and therapeutic data were reviewed, with particular focus on neurological manifestations. Neurological involvement was identified in 17 patients (22%), comprising neuro-ophthalmologic disease (n = 10), hypertrophic pachymeningitis (n = 6), and hypophysitis (n = 1). Patients with neurological involvement did not differ in age or sex from overall cohort (mean age 47.5 years; female-to-male ratio 1:1.3). Neuro-ophthalmologic disease was the predominant manifestation, typically presenting with the triad of headache, proptosis, and diplopia. Misdiagnoses such as idiopathic orbital inflammation or Tolosa-Hunt syndrome were frequent. MRI findings included orbital mass effect, optic sheath enhancement, and in some cases intracranial extension. Biopsy confirmed diagnosis in the majority, and histopathological features were indistinguishable from other organ involvements of IgG4-RD. While 60% achieved remission with glucocorticoids alone, the remainder required rituximab due to resistance or relapse. Notably, patients with neurological involvement were diagnosed earlier than those with extra-neurological disease, reflecting the clinical impact of neurological symptoms. Neurological involvement in IgG4-RD may be more common than previously recognized, with neuro-ophthalmologic disease emerging as the leading phenotype. The symptom triad of headache, proptosis, and diplopia should prompt consideration of IgG4-RD in patients with orbital disease. Early recognition and timely immunosuppressive therapy are crucial to improving outcomes, and prospective studies are warranted to further delineate the neurological spectrum of this condition.

#4

Early diagnostic challenges of isolated ocular motor nerve palsy: diabetic, ischemic, or Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Frontiers in neurology2025

Investigating the clinical features and etiological diagnosis of early isolated ocular motor nerve palsy to deepen understanding of the condition. We retrospectively enrolled 68 patients with isolated ocular motor nerve palsy admitted our hospital between 2017 and 2024. A retrospective analysis was conducted to assess their clinical and imaging characteristics. Based on current diagnostic criteria, patients were categorized into one of the following groups: diabetic ophthalmoplegia (DO), microvascular ocular motor nerve palsies (MVP), or Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS). Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of diabetes, and the clinical and imaging differences between the two groups were compared. Of the 68 patients, 40 were male, with an average age of 61 years. There were 43 patients with diabetes, and 40 had a history of hypertension. The number of patients with isolated 3rd, 4th, and 6th nerve palsy was 42, 15, and 11, respectively. Sixty patients experienced headache or orbital pain. 46 patients met the criteria for MVP. Among them, 31 patients had DO, and 15 non-diabetic patients also met the criteria for MVP. Of the 46 patients, 22 showed abnormalities on contrast-enhanced MRI. 19 patients were diagnosed with THS. In the diabetic and non-diabetic groups, 11 and 9 patients, respectively, were diagnosed with THS. The number of patients receiving steroid treatment in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups was 38 and 23, respectively, with pain relief rates within 3 days of 70 and 56%, p > 0.05. Currently, the boundaries between DO, MVP, diabetes combined with THS, and benign THS remain unclear. There is a need for clinical research involving specialists in neurology, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology to establish standardized definitions, classifications, and diagnostic criteria.

#5

Rare association of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with Sjogren's Syndrome: case report and review of immunological links across autoimmune disorders".

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2025 Sep

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome (THS) is a rare inflammatory condition characterized by painful ophthalmoplegia, often associated with granulomatous inflammation in the cavernous sinus. While typically idiopathic, THS can sometimes be linked to underlying autoimmune diseases. This report presents the first documented case of THS as the initial manifestation of Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). A 60-year-old woman presented with symptoms of left eye pain, diplopia, and ptosis, leading to a diagnosis of THS after extensive workup and exclusion of other potential causes. MRI findings indicated inflammatory changes in the cavernous sinus, and further autoimmune testing revealed positive ANA and anti-SSA (Ro), leading to a diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome confirmed by lip biopsy. Following corticosteroid treatment, she experienced prompt symptom relief and was subsequently placed on immunosuppressive therapy for ongoing management. A literature review of 15 autoimmune-associated THS cases was conducted, revealing that 87% of patients presented with classic symptoms of periorbital pain, ptosis, and cranial nerve palsies, while 73% had cavernous sinus involvement on MRI. Most cases responded well to corticosteroids, with 60% requiring additional immunosuppressive treatment to manage ongoing autoimmune activity. This case highlights the importance of considering autoimmune etiologies in THS, especially in patients with limited response to initial therapies. Pathophysiological links may include immune dysregulation, granulomatous inflammation, and vascular compromise within the cavernous sinus. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for optimal outcomes. Further research into the immunological mechanisms linking THS and autoimmune diseases could improve diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic approaches.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC437 artigos no totalmostrando 192

2026

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Presenting as Painful Unilateral Ophthalmoplegia in a 65-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report.

Clinical case reports
2025

An Orbital Abscess Caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Cureus
2025

Primary Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma Arising from the Cavernous Sinus in an Older Woman with a History of Intensive Breast Cancer Treatment: A Case Report.

NMC case report journal
2025

A Case of Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegia Following COVID-19: Evolution From Optic Neuritis to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Clinical case reports
2025

Recurrent Vision Fluctuations and Orbital Signs Unmasking T-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report.

Case reports in ophthalmology
2025

Clinical characteristics of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus.

BMC neurology
2025

The Hidden Cavernous Mystery Behind a Headache: A Case Report of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Cureus
2025

Neurological involvement in IgG4-related disease: focus on neuro-ophthalmologic features.

Journal of neurology
2025

Right Indirect Carotid-Cavernous Fistula Presenting With Isolated Oculomotor Palsy: A Diagnostic Challenge and Successful Endovascular Management.

Cureus
2025

A possible atypical presentation of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, a case report.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2025

Case Report: A fatal case of CNS actinomycosis mimicking Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: Is it time to reevaluate diagnostic criteria?

Frontiers in medicine
2025

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Rare Case of Painful Ophthalmoplegia in a Young Female.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
2025

Early diagnostic challenges of isolated ocular motor nerve palsy: diabetic, ischemic, or Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Frontiers in neurology
2025

Tolosa hunt syndrome following posterior fossa decompression for chiari 1 malfromation: A case report of potential late complication.

International journal of surgery case reports
2025

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report.

Cureus
2025

Rare association of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with Sjogren's Syndrome: case report and review of immunological links across autoimmune disorders".

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2025

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting as persistent unilateral headache and painful ophthalmoplegia: A rare case report highlighting diagnostic challenges and therapeutic response.

Radiology case reports
2025

Thoracic endovascular aortic repair for descending thoracic aortic thrombus of a patient with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Journal of surgical case reports
2025

Bilateral recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy in an adolescent female.

BMJ case reports
2025

An Interesting Case of Recurrent Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
2025

Clinical presentation and management of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: a case report.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
2025

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Headache
2025

[Clinical analysis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

[Zhonghua yan ke za zhi] Chinese journal of ophthalmology
2024

Tolosa Hunt syndrome: A rare cause of headache.

Medical journal, Armed Forces India
2024

Orthostatic Ocular Neuromyotonia Associated With Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
2024

Invasive Aspergillosis with Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis Following High-Dose Corticosteroid Therapy: A Challenging Case of Rhino-Orbital-Cerebral Mycosis.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
2024

Intracavernous Aneurysm Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Maedica
2024

Orbital apex syndrome secondary to acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis diagnosed by transnasal endoscopic biopsy of the optic canal:A case report.

The journal of medical investigation : JMI
2024

Clinical profile and outcomes in Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome; a systematic review.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
2025

A Unique Case of Hypophysitis in Tolosa Hunt Syndrome.

Acta neurologica Belgica
2024

Recurrence of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Isolated to the Sixth Cranial Nerve.

The primary care companion for CNS disorders
2024

Evaluation of Patients with Painful Ophthalmoplegia for Benign and Secondary Etiologies.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)
2024

A Rare Case of Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome With Optic Perineuritis.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
2024

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome as the Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Cureus
2024

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: a review of diagnostic criteria based on a case series.

Postepy psychiatrii neurologii
2025

Perineural Invasion of Occult Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)
2024

Gastrointestinal: A case of ulcerative colitis complicated by Tolosa-hunt syndrome and pyoderma gangrenosum and featuring rare extraintestinal manifestations.

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
2024

One in a Million: A Woman Presenting with Unilateral Painful Ophthalmoplegia.

Clinical practice and cases in emergency medicine
2024

Pediatric Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with Ptosis and Transient Periorbital Headache.

Neuropediatrics
2024

[Idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova
2024

Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: a case report.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
2024

Case report: Tolosa-Hunt syndrome-expanding the neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder phenotype?

Frontiers in neurology
2024

A New Case of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Presented with Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Manifestations.

Case reports in rheumatology
2024

Clinical and diagnostic profile of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome; a 7-year retrospective observational study.

European journal of ophthalmology
2023

Neuromuscular diseases associated with COVID-19 vaccines: a systematic review and pooled analysis of 258 patients.

BMC neurology
2023

Review of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome, Recent Updates.

Current pain and headache reports
2023

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy, case reports: what to do and when?

Italian journal of pediatrics
2023

Pituitary Hyperplasia in Tolosa Hunt Syndrome: Demystifying the Great Mimic.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
2023

Tolosa Hunt Syndrome: MRI Findings.

Cureus
2024

Recurrence and long-term outcomes of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Journal of neurology
2023

TransOrbital NeuroEndoscopic Surgery for Biopsy of the Left Cavernous Sinus: A Literature Review, Case Report, and Cadaveric Proof of Concept.

Journal of neurological surgery reports
2023

A Probable Association of Aseptic Meningoencephalitis, Complicated With Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome Following COVID-19 Vaccination: A Case Report.

Cureus
2023

A Case of Painful Diplopia after COVID-19 Vaccination: Could It Be Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome?

Korean journal of family medicine
2023

Orbital inflammation following COVID-19 vaccination: A case series and literature review.

International ophthalmology
2023

Pearls & Oy-sters: Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation and Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome With Intracranial Extension.

Neurology
2023

Don't Forget the Oy-sters When It Comes to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Neurology
2023

Concomitant cavernous sinus thrombosis and central serous chorioretinopathy in a patient with total ophthalmoplegia and monocular blindness: a case report.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
2023

Generalized crystal-storing histiocytosis with noncirrhotic portal hypertension: an autopsy case report.

Clinical journal of gastroenterology
2022

Tolosa Hunt Syndrome: A Challenging Diagnosis from Otorhinolaryngologist Perspective-A Case Report.

Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
2023

Disseminated tuberculosis masquerading as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in initial presentation: A case report with literature review.

Radiology case reports
2023

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy: A case report with atypical features and a review of the literature.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
2023

A case report on recurrent alternating Tolosa-Hunt syndrome due to bacterial sphenoid sinusitis: rediscussing the diagnostic terminology and classification.

BMC neurology
2022

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and IgG4 Diseases in Neuro-Ophthalmology.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
2022

Is Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis Really Idiopathic?

Neurology India
2022

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy with headache and oculomotor palsy 18 years apart.

Headache
2022

Complete ophthalmoplegia diagnosed as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome on interval MRI.

BMJ case reports
2022

Tolosa hunt syndrome: A new challenge for anaesthesia.

Journal of anaesthesiology, clinical pharmacology
2022

Ophthalmoplegic Migraine: A Misnomer of Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy.

Neurology India
2022

A 57-year-old man with painful ophthalmoplegia and cavernous sinus involvement: Why this is not Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

European journal of neurology
2022

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: a report of two new pediatric cases.

The Turkish journal of pediatrics
2022

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and Hemorrhagic Encephalitis Presenting in a Patient after COVID-19 Vaccination Followed by COVID-19 Infection.

Brain sciences
2022

A Case Report on a Unique Explanation for Headache With Ophthalmoplegia: The Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Cureus
2022

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy with Unilateral Oculomotor and Trochlear Nerve Palsy in an 8-year-old Girl.

Journal of binocular vision and ocular motility
2022

Remarkable Benefit of Infliximab Therapy in Recurrent Tolosa Hunt Syndrome.

Neurology India
2022

Diagnostic controversies in recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: single case report with a systematic review.

Italian journal of pediatrics
2022

A case of total ophthalmoplegia associated with a COVID-19 infection: case report.

Oxford medical case reports
2022

Neuro-Ophthalmological Complications of the COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
2022

[A case of recurrent headache and ophthalmoplegia with a contrast-enhanced lesion of the oculomotor nerve in the cavernous region: an atypical phenotype of recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy].

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology
2022

Hypopituitarism and cranial nerve involvement mimicking Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as the initially presenting feature of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a case report.

BMC endocrine disorders
2023

Invasive sphenoid sinus aspergillosis with normal findings on initial diagnostic tests that mimics Tolosa-Hunt syndrome-a diagnostic dilemma: a case report.

Journal of Yeungnam medical science
2022

Clinical and Cerebrospinal Fluid Characteristics in 55 Cases of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Retrospective Analytical Study.

European neurology
2022

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting with features of a trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias and pituitary enlargement.

BMJ case reports
2022

Possibility of arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance imaging sequences with steroid therapy for Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: A case report and review of literature.

Surgical neurology international
2021

Double Down on Double Vision: An Unusual Case of Painful Diplopia.

Cureus
2022

Case Report of a Man with Right Eye Pain and Double Vision.

Journal of education &amp; teaching in emergency medicine
2023

Frozen overnight: Acute orbital apex syndrome caused by aspergillosis.

European journal of ophthalmology
2021

A case of adult-onset ophthalmoplegic migraine.

Neurology India
2021

Painful ophthalmoplegia syndrome, beyond Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. A case series.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia
2021

Multiple Cranial Neuropathies and Pachymeningitis in a Patient With a Pathogenic Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Polymorphism.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
2021

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: a cause for recurrent third nerve palsy in a child.

BMJ case reports
2021

From left to right: an unusual presentation of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with bilateral eye involvement.

The New Zealand medical journal
2021

Painful ophthalmoplegia in a patient with a history of marginal zone lymphoma.

European journal of hybrid imaging
2021

Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in a Child Accompanied by Idiopathic Aseptic Meningitis.

Pediatric neurology
2021

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as initial presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Acta neurologica Taiwanica
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Presenting After COVID-19 Vaccination.

Cureus
2021

[Primary vasculitis of internal carotid and vertebral arteries: a role of cytokines, transforming growth factor beta 1 and basic fibroblast growth factor].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Review of Diagnostic Criteria and Unresolved Issues.

Journal of current ophthalmology
2021

Recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Tzu chi medical journal
2021

The demographics of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in Qatar.

eNeurologicalSci
2022

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy: A Cause of Headache.

Indian journal of pediatrics
2022

Critical peritonitis secondary to gastrointestinal mucormycosis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report.

CEN case reports
2021

Steroid responsive cavernous sinus syndrome due to Rosai-Dorfman disease: beyond Tolosa-Hunt syndrome - a case report.

BMC neurology
2021

Recurrent Amaurosis Fugax Secondary to Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Phenotypes and Pathology.

Cureus
2023

Dynamic alteration of internal carotid artery related to granuloma in a case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Acta neurologica Belgica
2021

Ophthalmoplegia and cranial nerve deficits in an adolescent with headache.

SAGE open medical case reports
2021

The youngest Japanese case of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
2021

The case of a 29-year-old woman with headaches and diplopia.

Annals of clinical and translational neurology
2021

Resection of Oculomotor Nerve Lesions Using Continuous Stimulation of the Oculomotor Nerve Proximal to the Lesion: A Technical Report.

World neurosurgery
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome With Anisocoria as the Sole Presenting Ophthalmic Sign.

The primary care companion for CNS disorders
2021

The clinical features and outcomes of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

BMC ophthalmology
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with underlying latent tuberculosis: a diagnostic dilemma.

International journal of ophthalmology
2020

[Orbital myositis, a cause of pediatric painful ophthalmoplegia].

Revista chilena de pediatria
2021

Multiple Spontaneous Visceral Arterial Dissections in a Patient With Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome on Corticosteroid Therapy.

Annals of vascular surgery
2022

Trigeminal neuralgia following Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Acta neurologica Belgica
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Misdiagnosed as Surgical Complication After Frontal Balloon Sinuplasty.

The Journal of craniofacial surgery
2021

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome relapse during pregnancy following chronic intake of combined oral contraceptives.

BMJ case reports
2021

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy revealing oculomotor nerve schwannoma.

La Tunisie medicale
2020

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy: Migraine, Neuralgia, or Something Else?

Journal of oral &amp; facial pain and headache
2020

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) versus computed tomographic scan (CT scan) of brain in evaluation of suspected cavernous sinus syndrome.

The neuroradiology journal
2020

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Painful Ophthalmoplegia.

Case reports in neurological medicine
2020

[Manifestations of herpes zoster ophthalmicus].

Vestnik oftalmologii
2020

Tacrolimus for Treating Orbital and Cranial Form of Idiopathic Inflammatory Pseudotumors.

Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)
2021

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome as a manifestation of Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis.

European journal of rheumatology
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in Childhood and Adolescence: A Literature Review in the Last 10 Years.

Neuropediatrics
2020

A rare case of pediatric Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus
2021

Recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy.

Journal of paediatrics and child health
2020

Schwannoma Masquerading as Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy: A Diagnostic Dilemma.

Journal of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus
2020

[Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome; clinical and brain MRI features and treatment].

Agri : Agri (Algoloji) Dernegi'nin Yayin organidir = The journal of the Turkish Society of Algology
2020

Proposed modified diagnostic criteria for recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy: Five case reports and literature review.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
2020

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with general myasthenia gravis involvement.

Journal of integrative neuroscience
2020

Bilateral facial nerve involvement in a patient with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

The neuroradiology journal
2020

Recurrent alternating ophthalmoplegia with ipsilateral headache: unusual but possible manifestation of recurrent painful ophthalmoplegic neuropathy.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2020

Perineuritis or infiltration of optic nerve sheath? A presentation of diffuse large B cell Gastric lymphoma.

Indian journal of ophthalmology
2020

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Non-Classical Presentation of a Rare Cause of Unilateral Headache and Painful Ophthalmoplegia.

Journal of clinical medicine research
2020

Use of methotrexate in the management of recurrent Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: Two case reports.

Medicine
2020

Clinical Features of Painful Ophthalmoplegia with a High-Intensity Ring Appearance around the Optic Nerve on MRI: A Case Series.

Case reports in neurological medicine
2020

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: case series on the timed use of diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging.

Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie
2020

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: Long-Term Outcome and Role of Steroid-Sparing Agents.

Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology
2020

Gone in the blink of an eye - A Tolosa-Hunt syndrome variant.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
2019

Orbital Apex Syndrome: A Review.

Eye and brain
2020

A Case of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome With Discoid Lupus Erythematosus.

The Neurohospitalist
2020

Successful treatment of pediatric Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with adalimumab.

European journal of rheumatology
2019

An uncommon cause of facial pain.

Australian journal of general practice
2020

Reappraising the Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Diagnostic Criteria: A Case Series.

Headache
2019

Optic Perineuritis in a Case of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Journal of neurosciences in rural practice
2019

[Cavernous sinus syndrome as the initial symptom of Burkitt's lymphoma: a case report and literature review].

Revista de neurologia
2021

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome as an Initial Presentation of Sarcoidosis.

Reumatologia clinica
2020

Hashimoto's thyroiditis associated with acute painful unilateral ophthalmoplegia.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2019

Endoscopic transnasal image-guided approach to diagnosis in orbital apex and optic canal lesions.

The Journal of laryngology and otology
2019

The aetiologies of unilateral oculomotor nerve palsy: a clinical analysis on 121 patients.

Somatosensory &amp; motor research
2020

Burkitt lymphoma masquerading as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in an HIV-seropositive patient.

European journal of ophthalmology
2019

A 17-Year-Old Girl With Unilateral Headache and Double Vision.

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports
2019

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: Clinical Manifestations in Children.

Pediatric neurology
2019

Carotid-cavernous fistula(CCF) presenting as paroxysmal painful ophthalmoplegia.

BMC ophthalmology
2019

Oculomotor Synkinesis (Aberrant Reinnervation of the Third Cranial Nerve) Associated with Atypical Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)
2019

Clinical features of hypertrophic pachymeningitis in a center survey.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2018

Hunting for a cause of painful diplopia.

The Medical journal of Australia
2018

A case of headache, double vision and ptosis in emergency department: Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.

Turkish journal of emergency medicine
2018

A case of delirium in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome during corticosteroid therapy.

JA clinical reports
2018

Time to retire the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome?

Practical neurology
2018

Angiographic Findings in the Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and Resolution after Corticosteroid Treatment.

Neuro-ophthalmology (Aeolus Press)
2018

Woman with headache and retro-orbital pain.

European journal of internal medicine
2018

Miller Fisher Syndrome Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
2018

A cavernous sinus lesion clinically responsive to steroids.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
2018

Actinomyces cavernous sinus infection: a case and systematic literature review.

Practical neurology
2018

Successful Treatment of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome after a Single Infusion of Infliximab.

Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)
2018

Orbital Pain, Ophthalmoplegia, and Oligoclonal Bands in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Case Report of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.

Headache
2017

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome - Case Report.

Acta clinica Croatica
2018

[Clinical and imaging features and etiologic diagnosis value in patients with cavernous sinus lesion presenting with ophthalmoplegia].

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
2018

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: Appraising the ICHD-3 beta diagnostic criteria.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
2017

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome - Cranial Neuroimaging Findings.

Noro psikiyatri arsivi
2017

Bilateral Tolosa-Hunt syndrome mimicking pituitary adenoma.

Endocrine
2017

Recurrent Painful Ophthalmoplegic Neuropathy with Residual Mydriasis in an Adult: Should it Be Classified as Ophthalmoplegic Migraine?

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
2017

Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Distant Metastasis to the Clivus Causing Symptoms Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Frontiers in neurology
2017

Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis presenting with Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in a 13-year-old boy.

Clinical and experimental rheumatology
2017

Cranial neuropathies in uncontrolled diabetes: May not always be due to diabetic microangiopathy.

BMJ case reports
2017

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome and Ocular Myasthenia: A Rare Coexistence or Real Association.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
2017

Facial pain: Overlapping syndromes.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache
2017

[A case of herpes zoster ophthalmicus preceded one week by diplopia and ophthalmalgia].

Rinsho shinkeigaku = Clinical neurology
2017

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Demonstrated by Constructive Interference Steady State Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Journal of ophthalmic &amp; vision research
2017

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome presenting during pregnancy following progesterone administration.

International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
2017

Cavernous sinus syndrome: A prospective study of 73 cases at a tertiary care centre in Northern India.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
2017

An Interesting Case of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in a Young Male.

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports
2016

Steroid-resistant Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with a de novo intracavernous aneurysm: A case report.

Surgical neurology international
2017

Imaging of the Sella and Parasellar Region.

Radiologic clinics of North America
2016

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and comorbidity of obsessive compulsive disorder and aortic aneurysm.

BMJ case reports
2017

Atypical Tolosa Hunt syndrome with bilateral sclerokeratitis and optic atrophy in Takayasu's arteritis.

American journal of ophthalmology case reports
2016

[Painful ophthalmoplegia with normal complementary tests].

Medicina clinica
2017

Painful ophthalmoplegia as an initial presentation of sarcoidosis.

Clinical &amp; experimental optometry
2016

[Tuberculous hypophysitis mimicking Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].

Revista de neurologia
2016

Evaluation and Management of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome in Children: A Clinical Update.

Pediatric neurology
2017

Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumor of the cavernous sinus: a delayed complication of allogenic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation: case report.

Journal of neurosurgery
Ver todos os 437 no EuropePMC

Associações

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Comunidades

Grupos ativos de quem convive com esta doença aqui no Raras

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Doenças relacionadas

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Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Presenting as Painful Unilateral Ophthalmoplegia in a 65-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report.
    Clinical case reports· 2026· PMID 41669703mais citado
  2. Clinical characteristics of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome in patients with diabetes mellitus.
    BMC neurology· 2025· PMID 41331592mais citado
  3. Neurological involvement in IgG4-related disease: focus on neuro-ophthalmologic features.
    Journal of neurology· 2025· PMID 41296109mais citado
  4. Early diagnostic challenges of isolated ocular motor nerve palsy: diabetic, ischemic, or Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.
    Frontiers in neurology· 2025· PMID 40746645mais citado
  5. Rare association of Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome with Sjogren's Syndrome: case report and review of immunological links across autoimmune disorders".
    Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology· 2025· PMID 40418416mais citado
  6. Relapse in Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: pooled recurrence rates and associated factors from a meta-analysis of 456 cases.
    Neurol Sci· 2026· PMID 41886124recente
  7. An Orbital Abscess Caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum Mimicking Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome.
    Cureus· 2025· PMID 41531631recente
  8. Primary Intracranial Ewing Sarcoma Arising from the Cavernous Sinus in an Older Woman with a History of Intensive Breast Cancer Treatment: A Case Report.
    NMC Case Rep J· 2025· PMID 41502868recente
  9. [Tolosa-Hunt syndrome].
    Vestn Oftalmol· 2025· PMID 41432513recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:64686(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0018983(MONDO)
  3. GARD:7777(GARD (NIH))
  4. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  5. Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
  6. Q370066(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt
Compêndio · Raras BR

Síndrome de Tolosa-Hunt

ORPHA:64686 · MONDO:0018983
Prevalência
Unknown
CID-10
H49.8 · Outros estrabismos paralíticos
CID-11
Início
All ages
Prevalência
0.0 (Worldwide)
MedGen
UMLS
C0040381
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Wikipedia
Papers 10a
Evidência
🥉 Relato de caso
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