Transcription factor, which play a role in limb development. Is an essential player in the regulatory network governing transcription of genes implicated in limb morphogenesis

NucleusCytoplasm

Split-hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency 3

A disease characterized by the association of split-hand/foot malformation with long bone deficiency involving the tibia and fibula. Split-hand/foot malformation is a limb malformation involving the central rays of the autopod. Phenotypic expression is extremely variable between and within families, and even between limbs of a single patient, ranging from syndactyly and oligodactyly to the most severe monodactyly with only a single phalanx. Limb features include median clefts of the hands and feet, and aplasia and/or hypoplasia of the phalanges, metacarpals, and metatarsals.

The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity (By similarity). Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN (By similarity). Both activities occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (By similarity). Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum (By simi

Endoplasmic reticulum membraneGolgi apparatus membraneSecretedCell membrane

Microphthalmia/Coloboma 5

A disorder of eye formation, ranging from small size of a single eye to complete bilateral absence of ocular tissues. Ocular abnormalities like opacities of the cornea and lens, scaring of the retina and choroid, and other abnormalities may also be present. Ocular colobomas are a set of malformations resulting from abnormal morphogenesis of the optic cup and stalk, and the fusion of the fetal fissure (optic fissure).

Incorporated into fibronectin-containing matrix fibers. May play a role in cell adhesion and migration along protein fibers within the extracellular matrix (ECM). Could be important for certain developmental processes and contribute to the supramolecular organization of ECM architecture, in particular to those of basement membranes. Has been implicated in a role in cellular transformation and tumor invasion, it appears to be a tumor suppressor. May play a role in haemostasis and thrombosis owing

Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix

Structural component of the gap junction, a specialized intercellular structure consisting of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, that allow passage of small molecules and electrical signals between neighboring cells (By similarity). Forms homotypic and heterotypic channels gated by transjunctional voltage (By similarity). May play a critical role in the physiology of hearing by participating in the recycling of potassium to the cochlear endolymph (Probabl

Cell membraneCell junction, gap junctionEndoplasmic reticulumCell junction

Oculodentodigital dysplasia

A disease characterized by a typical facial appearance and variable involvement of the eyes, dentition, and fingers. Characteristic facial features include a narrow, pinched nose with hypoplastic alae nasi, prominent columella and thin anteverted nares together with a narrow nasal bridge, and prominent epicanthic folds giving the impression of hypertelorism. The teeth are usually small and carious. Typical eye findings include microphthalmia and microcornea. The characteristic digital malformation is complete syndactyly of the fourth and fifth fingers (syndactyly type III) but the third finger may be involved and associated camptodactyly is a common finding. Cardiac abnormalities are observed in rare instances.

Has a dual function as a transcriptional activator and a repressor of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, and plays a role in limb development. The full-length GLI3 form (GLI3FL) after phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, acts as an activator (GLI3A) while GLI3R, its C-terminally truncated form, acts as a repressor. A proper balance between the GLI3 activator and the repressor GLI3R, rather than the repressor gradient itself or the activator/repressor ratio gradient, specifies limb digit num

NucleusCytoplasmCell projection, cilium

Greig cephalo-poly-syndactyly syndrome

Autosomal dominant disorder affecting limb and craniofacial development. It is characterized by pre- and postaxial polydactyly, syndactyly of fingers and toes, macrocephaly and hypertelorism.

Plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development, cell proliferation and cell differentiation, and is required for normal cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart development

Secreted

Metacarpal 4-5 fusion

A rare congenital malformation of the hand characterized by the partial or complete fusion of the fourth and fifth metacarpals. The anomaly occurs as an isolated trait or part of a syndrome.

Sequence-specific transcription factor that binds gene promoters and activates their transcription (PubMed:24789103). Part of a developmental regulatory system that provides cells with specific positional identities on the anterior-posterior axis (By similarity)

Nucleus

Synpolydactyly 1

Limb malformation that shows a characteristic manifestation in both hands and feet. This condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with reduced penetrance.

Putative membrane receptor

Membrane

Preaxial polydactyly 2

Polydactyly consists of duplication of the distal phalanx. The thumb in PPD2 is usually opposable and possesses a normal metacarpal.