Uma forma rara de problema cerebral relacionado à epilepsia (encefalopatia epiléptica) que apresenta uma atividade elétrica anormal e intensa no cérebro (chamada "ponta-onda") durante o sono (EE-SWAS). Essa condição é caracterizada por diversas combinações de dificuldades que a pessoa desenvolve ao longo da vida nas áreas de pensamento, linguagem, comportamento e movimento, sempre associadas a essa ativação elétrica cerebral acentuada durante o sono. Na síndrome de Landau-Kleffner, por exemplo, o que é mais afetado é a capacidade de entender a linguagem falada (linguagem receptiva), levando a uma condição adquirida onde a pessoa não consegue reconhecer ou compreender a fala, mesmo com a audição intacta (agnosia auditiva verbal).
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
Uma forma rara de problema cerebral relacionado à epilepsia (encefalopatia epiléptica) que apresenta uma atividade elétrica anormal e intensa no cérebro (chamada "ponta-onda") durante o sono (EE-SWAS). Essa condição é caracterizada por diversas combinações de dificuldades que a pessoa desenvolve ao longo da vida nas áreas de pensamento, linguagem, comportamento e movimento, sempre associadas a essa ativação elétrica cerebral acentuada durante o sono. Na síndrome de Landau-Kleffner, por exemplo, o que é mais afetado é a capacidade de entender a linguagem falada (linguagem receptiva), levando a uma condição adquirida onde a pessoa não consegue reconhecer ou compreender a fala, mesmo com a audição intacta (agnosia auditiva verbal).
Escala de raridade
<1/50kMuito rara
1/20kRara
1/10kPouco freq.
1/5kIncomum
1/2k
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 19 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 44 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Genes associados
1 gene identificado com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Autosomal dominant, Unknown.
Component of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) that function as heterotetrameric, ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability and voltage-dependent block by Mg(2+) (PubMed:20890276, PubMed:23933818, PubMed:23933819, PubMed:23933820, PubMed:24504326, PubMed:26875626, PubMed:26919761, PubMed:28242877, PubMed:36117210, PubMed:38538865, PubMed:8768735). NMDARs participate in synaptic plasticity for learning and memory formation by contributing to the slow phase of excita
Cell projection, dendritic spineCell membraneSynapsePostsynaptic cell membraneCytoplasmic vesicle membrane
Epilepsy, focal, with speech disorder and with or without impaired intellectual development
An autosomal dominant, highly variable neurologic disorder. Features range from severe early-onset seizures associated with delayed psychomotor development, persistent speech difficulties, and intellectual disability to a more benign entity characterized by childhood onset of mild or asymptomatic seizures associated with transient speech difficulties followed by remission of seizures in adolescence and normal psychomotor development. The disorder encompasses several clinical entities, including Landau-Kleffner syndrome, epileptic encephalopathy with continuous spike and wave during slow-wave sleep, autosomal dominant rolandic epilepsy, intellectual disability and speech dyspraxia, and benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes.
Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)
651 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.
Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)
Distribuição de 1,965 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.
Vias biológicas (Reactome)
7 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome de Landau-Kleffner (LKS)
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Pesquisa ativa
Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes
Ensaios em destaque
Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos
3 ensaios clínicos encontrados.
Publicações mais relevantes
Diagnostic challenges in Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
A boy in his early childhood was brought by his parents to the Laboratory of Investigation of Neurological and Genetic Disorders of the School Clinic of the University with a suspicion of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and hearing loss. The parents' complaint was that their child had language regression, did not respond to auditory stimuli and was presenting ASD behaviours. The parents were searching for information and a possible diagnosis and treatment for their child. Considering the child's history, an electroencephalogram (EEG) and a CT exam, as well as audiological and language assessments, were requested. The audiological assessment indicated normality. As for the language assessment, auditory agnosia and expressive deficits, language fluctuation, restricted sound production and sporadic word use, many of which were unintelligible, were verified. Regarding neurodevelopment, all areas were compromised and symptoms included irritability, motor excitation and impulsivity. There was no score for signs of ASD, although some behaviours could be observed. The child was diagnosed with Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS), a rare paediatric neurological disorder characterised by language regression and abnormal EEG activity. Although LKS is a rare condition, there is a need for greater awareness of this syndrome, particularly in light of language regression and suspicion of Acquired Hearing Loss.
Electrophysiological and Quantitative Fingerprints of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
Evolution into spike-and-wave activation in sleep in patients with self-limited focal epilepsies.
Self-limited focal epilepsies of childhood (SeLFE), while predominantly considered benign, are known to potentially manifest with spike-and-wave activation in sleep (SWAS) in a minority of patients METHODS: The medical records of individuals diagnosed with one of the SeLFE syndromes according to the ILAE 2022 diagnostic criteria, who were followed in our center between 1989-2023, were retrospectively analyzed. At least two awake and sleep EEGs were performed during a minimum 2-year follow-up. SWAS is considered as spike and wave discharges occupying ≥50% of NREM sleep with symmetrical or mildly asymmetrical bilateral or unilateral hemispheric distribution. Among 144 patients with SeLFE, 57(39.6%) were diagnosed with self-limited epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (SeLECTS); 65(45.1%) with self-limited epilepsy with autonomic seizures (SeLEAS); and 22 (15.3%) with childhood occipital visual epilepsy (COVE). The mean age of seizure onset was 7.6, 5.6, and 8.5 years, respectively. Twelve (8.3%) evolved into SWAS (5 from SeLECTS, 6 from SeLEAS, 1 from COVE). Time elapsed between onset of first seizure and evolution into SWAS ranged from 5.2 to 75 months (mean: 26.8±19.8), 6.2-42.8 months (mean: 20.1±14.7 for patients with SeLECTS; 5.2-75.0 months (mean: 32.7±24.5) with SeLEAS, and 25.0 months with COVE). All except two patients had also cognitive or behavioral regression and were diagnosed as epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep(EE-SWAS) and one patient was diagnosed with Landau-Kleffner syndrome. The most recent definition of ILAE highlights that SeLFEs are no longer recognized as "benign" epilepsies. Even with a low incidence rate, clinicians should always be cautious about the risk of SWAS development in these syndromes.
Clinical and Molecular Genetic Characterization of Landau Kleffner Syndrome: An Observational Cohort and Experimental Study.
Landau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS), is a rare, poorly-understood epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep associated with mutations in GRIN2A, encoding the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) GluN2A subunit. Physicians rely on empirical treatments, with scarce information on treatment efficacy and outcomes. This study aims to improve the understanding and clinical management of LKS. Fifty-two patients with LKS were recruited via one quaternary referral center. Case-notes review delineated clinical features, long-term outcomes, and prognostic factors. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the longitudinal association among electroencephalogram abnormalities, steroid therapy, and neuropsychological findings. After genetic screening, the impact of identified GRIN2A missense variants on NMDAR function was assessed using homology modeling, cell-surface trafficking assays, and electrophysiology in artificial synapses. Whole exome/genome sequencing was performed on GRIN2A-negative patients to identify novel gene associations. LKS is complex with significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Besides speech and language impairment, many patients had other co-morbidities and almost half have long-term disability. Early age at disease onset was associated with worse outcomes. There was no reliable correlation between electroencephalogram findings and developmental scores. Steroid therapy improved language outcomes independently of electroencephalogram findings. GRIN2A mutations were identified in 15.5% of the cohort. Likely pathogenic variants in GABBR2, SCN1A, TRPC1, ERRFI1, CTXN3, IRX6, and IQCA1 were identified in 7 GRIN2A-negative individuals. For LKS, early intervention is important for long-term outcomes. Furthermore, management should not be based solely on electroencephalogram findings. Genetic and functional investigations offer insights into disease pathophysiology and facilitate development of future targeted therapies. ANN NEUROL 2025;98:951-966.
Acquired epileptic aphasia in NMDA encephalitis: a unique electroclinical presentation with pathophysiological considerations.
A boy in his middle childhood who was premorbidly normal presented with new-onset seizures and progressive auditory aphasia, raising suspicion of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome (LKS). Continuous spike and wave during sleep with a left centrotemporal spike pattern on the electroencephalogram (EEG) supported the preliminary diagnosis. But the febrile episodes after admission and the MRI findings suggestive of autoimmune encephalitis changed the diagnostic considerations. A repeat EEG performed had an extreme delta brush pattern, a finding strongly suggesting the possibility of autoimmune encephalitis. Confirmed with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antibody positivity in cerebrospinal fluid, establishing NMDA receptor encephalitis (NMDARE). Despite the different pathways of pathogenesis, there is significant clinical overlap between LKS and NMDARE, including speech regression and seizures in our index case. The child was managed with immunotherapy and seizure control measures, showing significant clinical improvement. This case illustrates the clinical overlap of LKS and NMDARE, also highlighting the critical role of NMDA receptors in speech and language, suggesting the need for early evaluation and prompt immunotherapy in cases with atypical presentations.
Publicações recentes
Electrophysiological and Quantitative Fingerprints of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
Evolution into spike-and-wave activation in sleep in patients with self-limited focal epilepsies.
Diagnostic challenges in Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
Diagnostic Challenges and Consideration of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome as a Differential Diagnosis for Language Disorders: A Case Report.
Paediatric-tailored modified IC-CoDE approach in non-lesional D/EE-SWAS.
📚 EuropePMC243 artigos no totalmostrando 115
Electrophysiological and Quantitative Fingerprints of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
Journal of child neurologyEvolution into spike-and-wave activation in sleep in patients with self-limited focal epilepsies.
SeizureDiagnostic challenges in Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
BMJ case reportsDiagnostic Challenges and Consideration of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome as a Differential Diagnosis for Language Disorders: A Case Report.
Clinical case reportsPaediatric-tailored modified IC-CoDE approach in non-lesional D/EE-SWAS.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BSimultaneous tDCS-rTMS stimulation to regulate the language network and improve language ability in Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
Epilepsia openClinical and Molecular Genetic Characterization of Landau Kleffner Syndrome: An Observational Cohort and Experimental Study.
Annals of neurology[Landau-Kleffner Syndrome and Continuous Spike-and-Wave During Sleep Syndrome: Comparison of Clinical, Neurophysiological, and Neuropsychological Characteristics].
Revista de neurologiaAcquired epileptic aphasia in NMDA encephalitis: a unique electroclinical presentation with pathophysiological considerations.
BMJ case reportsLandau-Kleffner Syndrome Can Herald the Diagnosis of GRIN2A Gene Mutation.
Case reports in pediatricsNuclear neuroimaging in childhood epilepsy syndromes: A systematic review.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BCurrent and Future Treatment Strategies in Developmental and/or Epileptic Encephalopathy With Spike-Wave Activation in Sleep (DEE-SWAS): A Time for Precision Medicine?
Pediatric neurologyRebuilding the Tower of Babel: The Current Landscape and Emerging Opportunities in DEE-SWAS.
Epilepsy currents[Landau-Kleffner Syndrome: Current Etiopathogenesis and Management].
Revista de neurologiaDevelopmental and epileptic encephalopathy with spike-wave activation in sleep: From the 'functional ablation' model to a neurodevelopmental network perspective.
Developmental medicine and child neurologyFocal Epileptic Encephalopathy with Spike-Wave Activation in Sleep: A Case Report of Hemispheric Involvement with Change in Handedness.
The Neurodiagnostic journalEfficacy of ACTH therapy in children with Landau-Kleffner Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A retrospective analysis.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BMultiple Subpial Transection for the Treatment of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome-Review of the Literature.
Journal of clinical medicineHow Encephalopathy Impacts Language Ability: A Scoping Review of the Linguistic Abilities of Adults with Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)Speech loss in children with epilepsy: Not always Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
Developmental medicine and child neurologyAcquired motor speech disorders in childhood epilepsy.
Developmental medicine and child neurologyLandau-Kleffner syndrome (LKS) in an 8-year-old girl: a case report and review of the literature.
Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)Continuous Spike-Waves during Slow Sleep Today: An Update.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)Landau-Kleffner Syndrome, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and Viral/Autoimmune Encephalitis: Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of a Six-Year-Old Boy.
CureusUnmet needs in epileptic encephalopathy with spike-and-wave activation in sleep: A systematic review.
Epilepsy researchDevelopmental regression in children: Current and future directions.
Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behaviorAge-Related Changes in Epilepsy Characteristics and Response to Antiepileptic Treatment in Autism Spectrum Disorders.
Journal of personalized medicineSleep and respiratory abnormalities in adults with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies using polysomnography and video-EEG monitoring.
Epilepsia open[Epileptic syndromes associated with focal clonic seizures].
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. KorsakovaGRIN2A-related epilepsy and speech disorders: A comprehensive overview with a focus on the role of precision therapeutics.
Epilepsy researchAcquired childhood aphasia as a consequence of COVID-19 and its differential diagnosis from speech-language pathologist perspective: A case study.
Clinical case reportsDifferential diagnosis between autism spectrum disorder and other developmental disorders with emphasis on the preschool period.
World journal of pediatrics : WJPMonoamine neurotransmitters in early epileptic encephalopathies: New insights into pathophysiology and therapy.
Developmental medicine and child neurologyKoolen-de Vries syndrome associated with continuous spike-wave in sleep.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotapeInternational League Against Epilepsy classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with onset in childhood: Position paper by the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions.
EpilepsiaLong-term outcome of developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
Revue neurologiqueMild neurological phenotype in a family carrying a novel N-terminal null GRIN2A variant.
European journal of medical geneticsThe role of vagus nerve stimulation in genetic etiologies of drug-resistant epilepsy: a meta-analysis.
Journal of neurosurgery. PediatricsDe novo GRIN2A variants associated with epilepsy and autism and literature review.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BWhat is the effect of pharmacological treatment for continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep syndrome and Landau-Kleffner syndrome? A Cochrane Review summary with commentary.
Developmental medicine and child neurologyCerebral dominance in an unusual case of Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
BMJ case reportsAphasia and a Dual-Stream Language Model in a 4-Year-Old Female with Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
NeuropediatricsCnksr2 Loss in Mice Leads to Increased Neural Activity and Behavioral Phenotypes of Epilepsy-Aphasia Syndrome.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for NeuroscienceMore than one self-limited epilepsy of childhood in the same patient: A multicenter study.
Epilepsy researchCognitive linguistic Treatment in Landau Kleffner Syndrome: Improvement in Daily Life Communication.
Child neurology openClinical profile of patients with rolandic epilepsy at a clinic in rural Maharashtra.
Journal of family medicine and primary careA follow-up study in children with status epilepticus during sleep: From clinical spectrum to outcome.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BTreatment Practices and Outcomes in Continuous Spike and Wave during Slow Wave Sleep: A Multicenter Collaboration.
The Journal of pediatricsClinical Forms and GRIN2A Genotype of Severe End of Epileptic-Aphasia Spectrum Disorder.
Frontiers in pediatricsPharmacological treatment for continuous spike-wave during slow wave sleep syndrome and Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsAcquired epileptiform aphasia: 44 years after diagnosis.
Epilepsy & behavior reportsSleep and Epilepsy Link by Plasticity.
Frontiers in neurologyEarly prediction of encephalopathic transformation in children with benign epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes.
Brain & developmentDifferential Diagnosis of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome Versus Post Encephalitis Syndrome in a 13-year-old Boy With Autism Spectrum Disorder.
CureusMusic processing deficits in Landau-Kleffner syndrome: Four case studies in adulthood.
Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behaviorImmunotherapy in GRIN2A-negative Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
Minerva pediatricaMethylprednisolone pulse therapy in 31 patients with refractory epilepsy: A single-center retrospective analysis.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&B[New applications of conventional EEG analysis].
Ideggyogyaszati szemleImmunotherapy for GRIN2A and GRIN2D-related epileptic encephalopathy.
Epilepsy researchLandau-Kleffner Syndrome: A Diagnostic Challenge.
CureusSurgical management of pediatric patients with encephalopathy due to electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES).
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotapeEpilepsy syndromes of childhood with sleep activation: Insights from functional imaging.
European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology SocietyInhibition of epileptiform activity by neuropeptide Y in brain tissue from drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy patients.
Scientific reportsDevelopment of Ontology for Self-limited Epilepsy with Centrotemporal Spikes and Application of Data Mining Algorithms to Identify New Subtypes.
The Israel Medical Association journal : IMAJAn Uncommon Presentation of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IIIb.
Iranian journal of child neurologyIdiopathic encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES) as a "pure" model of epileptic encephalopathy. An electroclinical, genetic, and follow-up study.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BSocial cognition and psychopathology in childhood and adolescence.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BUpdate on the genetics of the epilepsy-aphasia spectrum and role of GRIN2A mutations.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotapeEncephalopathy related to Status Epilepticus during slow Sleep: from concepts to terminology.
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotapeEpilepsy and Autism Severity: A Study of 6,975 Children.
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchSelected rare paediatric communication neurological disorders.
Journal of applied biomedicine[Continuous spike-waves during slow-wave sleep: Experience during 20 years].
Anales de pediatriaPerisylvian epileptic network revisited.
SeizureRegression in children with epilepsy.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviewsAddressing sequelae of developmental regression associated with developmental disabilities: A systematic review of behavioral and educational intervention studies.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviewsThe association of epileptic focus estimated by magnetoencephalography with cognitive function in non-lesional epilepsy with continuous spikes and waves during slow wave sleep (ECSWS) children.
Brain & development[Speech and language neurodevelopmental disorders in epilepsy: pathophysiologic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches].
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. KorsakovaBenign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes - Current concepts of diagnosis and treatment.
Neurologia i neurochirurgia polskaTransient microstructural brain anomalies and epileptiform discharges in mice defective for epilepsy and language-related NMDA receptor subunit gene Grin2a.
EpilepsiaToxicological evaluation of convulsant and anticonvulsant drugs in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neuronal networks using an MEA system.
Scientific reports[Study of GRIN2A mutation in epilepsy-aphasia spectrum disorders].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsAmantadine: A new treatment for refractory electrical status epilepticus in sleep.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BThe inhibitory effect of functional lesions on eloquent brain areas: from research bench to operating bed.
The International journal of neuroscienceEpilepsy in patients with autism: links, risks and treatment challenges.
Neuropsychiatric disease and treatmentLanguage Dysfunction in Pediatric Epilepsy.
The Journal of pediatricsTreatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: Clinical and EEG characteristics and response to 147 treatments in 47 patients.
European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology SocietyGRIN2A mutations in epilepsy-aphasia spectrum disorders.
Brain & developmentThe Clinical Spectrum of Benign Epilepsy with Centro-Temporal Spikes: a Challenge in Categorization and Predictability.
Journal of epilepsy researchA de novo loss-of-function GRIN2A mutation associated with childhood focal epilepsy and acquired epileptic aphasia.
PloS oneIs ketogenic diet treatment hepatotoxic for children with intractable epilepsy?
SeizureCurrent and Emerging Therapies of Severe Epileptic Encephalopathies.
Seminars in pediatric neurologyThe Expanding Clinical Spectrum of Genetic Pediatric Epileptic Encephalopathies.
Seminars in pediatric neurologyPediatric Epileptic Encephalopathies: Pathophysiology and Animal Models.
Seminars in pediatric neurologyIdiopathic focal epilepsies: the "lost tribe".
Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotapeNeurocognitive and behavioral profiles of children with Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
Applied neuropsychology. ChildThe Impact of 3:1 Ketogenic Diet on Cardiac Repolarization Changes in Children with Refractory Seizures: A Prospective Follow-Up Study.
NeuropediatricsIn response: Comment on outcome following multiple subpial transection in Landau-Kleffner syndrome and related regression.
EpilepsiaCurrent understanding and neurobiology of epileptic encephalopathies.
Neurobiology of diseaseSyndrome of Electrical Status Epilepticus During Sleep: Epileptic Encephalopathy Related to Brain Development.
Pediatric neurology[Neurodevelopmental disorders in children with epilepsy].
Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. KorsakovaCortical interneuron dysfunction in epilepsy associated with autism spectrum disorders.
EpilepsiaSerum inflammatory mediators correlate with disease activity in electrical status epilepticus in sleep (ESES) syndrome.
EpilepsiaLandau-Kleffner syndrome.
Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekkeLandau-Kleffner syndrome: an uncommon dealt with case in Southeast Asia.
BMJ case reportsOutcome following multiple subpial transection in Landau-Kleffner syndrome and related regression.
EpilepsiaTreatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: A pooled analysis of 575 cases.
EpilepsiaEvidence for normal letter-sound integration, but altered language pathways in a case of recovered Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
Brain and cognitionAcetazolamide for electrical status epilepticus in slow-wave sleep.
EpilepsiaLandau-Kleffner Syndrome: An Acquired Epileptic Aphasia.
Acta neurologica Taiwanica[The atypical developments of rolandic epilepsy are predictable complications].
Revista de neurologiaSeizures and epilepsy: an overview for neuroscientists.
Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicineEffectiveness of a hybrid corticosteroid treatment regimen on refractory childhood seizures and a review of other corticosteroid treatments.
European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology SocietySleep and epilepsy syndromes.
NeuropediatricsNew genes for focal epilepsies with speech and language disorders.
Current neurology and neuroscience reportsRare variants in γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptor genes in rolandic epilepsy and related syndromes.
Annals of neurologyAssociações
Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação
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Comunidades
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Diagnostic challenges in Landau-Kleffner syndrome.
- Electrophysiological and Quantitative Fingerprints of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome.
- Evolution into spike-and-wave activation in sleep in patients with self-limited focal epilepsies.
- Clinical and Molecular Genetic Characterization of Landau Kleffner Syndrome: An Observational Cohort and Experimental Study.
- Acquired epileptic aphasia in NMDA encephalitis: a unique electroclinical presentation with pathophysiological considerations.
- Diagnostic Challenges and Consideration of Landau-Kleffner Syndrome as a Differential Diagnosis for Language Disorders: A Case Report.
- Paediatric-tailored modified IC-CoDE approach in non-lesional D/EE-SWAS.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:98818(Orphanet)
- MONDO:0009509(MONDO)
- GARD:6855(GARD (NIH))
- Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
- Q1636310(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
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