A doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth tipo 2 ligada ao cromossomo X é uma condição rara e genética que afeta os nervos periféricos (aqueles responsáveis pela sensibilidade e pelos movimentos do corpo). Ela é transmitida de forma recessiva através do cromossomo X e se caracteriza pelo início, na infância (desde bebê até criança), de fraqueza e atrofia muscular progressivas nas partes mais distais do corpo (como mãos e pés), sendo mais perceptível nas pernas e pés do que nos braços e mãos. Outros sinais incluem pé cavo e ausência de reflexos tendinosos. Problemas de sensibilidade e deficiência intelectual também foram relatados em algumas pessoas.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
A doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth tipo 2 ligada ao cromossomo X é uma condição rara e genética que afeta os nervos periféricos (aqueles responsáveis pela sensibilidade e pelos movimentos do corpo). Ela é transmitida de forma recessiva através do cromossomo X e se caracteriza pelo início, na infância (desde bebê até criança), de fraqueza e atrofia muscular progressivas nas partes mais distais do corpo (como mãos e pés), sendo mais perceptível nas pernas e pés do que nos braços e mãos. Outros sinais incluem pé cavo e ausência de reflexos tendinosos. Problemas de sensibilidade e deficiência intelectual também foram relatados em algumas pessoas.
Escala de raridade
<1/50kMuito rara
1/20kRara
1/10kPouco freq.
1/5kIncomum
1/2k
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 17 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 33 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Nenhum gene associado encontrado
Os dados genéticos desta condição ainda estão sendo catalogados.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth ligada ao X tipo 2
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Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are heterogeneous disorders causing progressive motor decline, multisystem complications, and reduced quality of life. Sexual health, a key component of well-being, remains largely overlooked. This scoping review mapped and synthesized evidence on sexual dysfunction (SD) in adults with NMDs, focusing on prevalence, underlying mechanisms, and research gaps. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar (February-March 2025) identified studies reporting original data on SD in adults with genetically or clinically confirmed NMDs. Citation tracking complemented the search. Data were narratively synthesized following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Twenty-seven studies (1983-2024) including 2428 individuals met the inclusion criteria. Most were cross-sectional and questionnaire-based studies. SD was frequent but heterogeneous across conditions. In myotonic dystrophy, erectile dysfunction often related to hypogonadism; in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, higher disease severity correlated with altered desire and satisfaction in women; amyloid neuropathies showed autonomic-related erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in men and multidimensional impairment in women; inflammatory myopathies revealed high SD prevalence in both sexes; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis involved intimacy loss mainly due to disability and psychosocial distress, despite preserved interest; myasthenia gravis displayed SD mainly associated with mental health conditions, X-linked spinal muscular atrophy showed predominantly endocrine-related SD. SD is common, multifactorial, and under-recognized in adults with NMDs. The available evidence remains limited by non-inclusive approaches to sexual orientation and intimacy, scarce physiological assessments, and substantial gaps regarding female sexual health, longitudinal data. Integrating sexual health assessment into routine care for people with NMDs should be prioritized.
Multiple Sclerosis in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A - A Case Report and Literature Review.
Central nervous system (CNS) demyelination is an uncommon observation in patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT). Where it does occur, it is usually associated with X-linked CMT. We present a case of CMT type 1A with a likely de novo mutation who experienced initial symptoms, and subsequent exacerbation, of multiple sclerosis following respiratory infection. A review of the literature reveals that reports of CMT1A with CNS demyelination are rare. We propose that the mutations in the PMP22 gene result in an over-expression of PMP22 mRNA, which overcomes the normal suppression by miRNA species that occurs in the CNS. This abnormal expression of PMP22 protein may, in certain circumstances, exacerbate autoimmune responses to result eventually in CNS demyelination.
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Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most prevalent inherited peripheral neuropathies. CMT type X1 (CMTX1), caused by mutations in the GJB1 gene, represents the most common X-linked subtype with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of a novel GJB1 variant (c.554C > T, p.Thr185Ile) in a CMTX1-affected family and its pathogenic impact using patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and three-dimensional (3D) neural organoid models. The GJB1 gene encodes connexin 32 (Cx32), a gap junction protein. Immunofluorescent analysis revealed aberrant intracellular reduction and aggregation of the mutant Cx32 protein, suggesting impaired gap junction function. iPSC-derived neural organoids carrying the GJB1 mutation exhibited significant delay in neural differentiation and disrupted neural rosette organization. These findings underscore the critical role of Cx32 in neural development and provide a physiologically relevant platform for underlying CMTX1 pathological mechanisms on central nervous system. The established GJB1-variant organoid model holds promise for investigating genotype-phenotype correlations and facilitating the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for CMTX1.
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Medicina clinicaCross-sectional analysis of a large cohort with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX1).
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Neuromuscular disorders : NMDClinical and Genetic Features of Chinese X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 1 Disease.
Chinese medical journalClinical characterization and genetic analysis of Korean patients with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1.
Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNSIntermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: an electrophysiological reappraisal and systematic review.
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Human molecular geneticsMutations in noncoding regions of GJB1 are a major cause of X-linked CMT.
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Scientific reportsPhenotypes and cellular effects of GJB1 mutations causing CMT1X in a cohort of 226 Chinese CMT families.
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Acta neuropathologica communicationsWhole Genome Sequencing Identifies a 78 kb Insertion from Chromosome 8 as the Cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy CMTX3.
PLoS geneticsPathogenic mechanisms underlying X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy (CMTX6) in patients with a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 mutation.
Neurobiology of diseaseAberrant trafficking of a Leu89Pro connexin32 mutant associated with X-linked dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Neurological researchNovel outcome measures for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: validation and reliability of the 6-min walk test and StepWatch(™) Activity Monitor and identification of the walking features related to higher quality of life.
European journal of neurologyMutation Analysis of Gap Junction Protein Beta 1 and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease in Chinese Patients.
Chinese medical journalCNS involvement in CMTX1 caused by a novel connexin 32 mutation: a 6-year follow-up in neuroimaging and nerve conduction.
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical NeurophysiologyIntrathecal gene therapy rescues a model of demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaRecurrent Episodes of Stroke-Like Symptoms in a Patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy X Type 1.
Case reports in neurologyX-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 6 (CMTX6) patients with a p.R158H mutation in the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 3 gene.
Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNSSecondary structural analysis of the carboxyl-terminal domain from different connexin isoforms.
BiopolymersX-Linked Hereditary Motor Sensory Neuropathy Type 1 (CMTX1) in a Three-Generation Gelao Chinese Family.
NeuropediatricsA Review of X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.
Journal of child neurology[Advances in genetic studies of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 4 (CMT4)].
Yi chuan = HereditasSpinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A: Co-existence of two rare neuromuscular genetic diseases in the same patient.
Neuromuscular disorders : NMDTargeting the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor alleviates two forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in mice.
Brain : a journal of neurologyAbsence of Dystrophin Related Protein-2 disrupts Cajal bands in a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Neuromuscular disorders : NMDA novel AIFM1 mutation expands the phenotype to an infantile motor neuron disease.
European journal of human genetics : EJHGConnexin: a potential novel target for protecting the central nervous system?
Neural regeneration researchAssociation of PRPS1 Mutations with Disease Phenotypes.
Disease markersIntraneural GJB1 gene delivery improves nerve pathology in a model of X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Annals of neurologyCMTX1 patients' cells present genomic instability corrected by CamKII inhibitors.
Orphanet journal of rare diseasesRelapsing remitting multiple sclerosis in x-linked charcot-marie-tooth disease with central nervous system involvement.
Case reports in neurological medicineMutations in PRPS1 causing syndromic or nonsyndromic hearing impairment: intrafamilial phenotypic variation complicates genetic counseling.
Pediatric researchA start codon CMT1X mutation associated with transient encephalomyelitis causes complete loss of Cx32.
NeurogeneticsEpisodic neurological dysfunction in hereditary peripheral neuropathy.
Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyCSF-1-activated macrophages are target-directed and essential mediators of Schwann cell dedifferentiation and dysfunction in Cx32-deficient mice.
GliaA novel mutation in GJB1 (c.212T>G) in a Chinese family with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of AustralasiaAssociações
Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação
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Comunidades
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Ainda não existe comunidade no Raras para Doença de Charcot-Marie-Tooth ligada ao X tipo 2
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Concurrent FHL1-Related Myopathy and CMT1A Unveiled by Persistent Neuropathic Feature.
- Sexual health in neuromuscular diseases: Neglected challenges revealed by a scoping review.
- Multiple Sclerosis in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A - A Case Report and Literature Review.
- Case Report: Recurrent stroke-like episodes triggered by high-altitude exposure in X-linked charcot-marie-tooth disease.
- Patient-derived neural organoids reveal developmental impairments associated with a novel GJB1 mutation in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
- Lipid dependence of connexin-32 gap junction channel conformations.
- [A case of X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1 (CMTX1) diagnosed based on recurrent brain lesions despite peripheral neuropathy responsive to immunotherapy].
- A Family With X-Linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1: A Case for Reclassifying a Variant of Uncertain Significance in GJB1and Review of the Literature.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:101076(Orphanet)
- OMIM OMIM:302801(OMIM)
- MONDO:0010550(MONDO)
- GARD:1243(GARD (NIH))
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Q27677672(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
