[Analysis on avian influenza virus contamination in poultry related environment in Shaanxi Province, 2020-2024].

Host-specific functional evolution of seal influenza A virus NS1 protein following avian-to-seal transmission.

On the brink of emergence: an evolutionary approach to Influenza A virus H5N1 isolated from humans.

Assessment of a baloxavir marboxil treatment protocol for high pathogenicity avian influenza in Okinawa Rails, an endangered species endemic to Japan.

Segregate, Test, Observe and Persevere (STOP): strengthening ex situ breeding programs for biodiversity in zoos amid highly pathogenic avian influenza threats - a case approach.

First detection of an H5N2 subtype of Influenza A virus detected in Charadrius collaris from the Brazilian Pantanal.

Nasal RNA-scaffold-protein vaccine protects mice from human H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus lethal infection and safeguards against vaccine-unmatched viruses.

Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of monoclonal antibodies against H5N1 influenza virus.

Estimation of sample size required to detect an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in a poultry farm during emergency surveillance for secondarily infected farms.

Secondary analysis of influenza a virus-infected cells at single-cell resolution reveals host BANF1 response to individual and combinations of detected segments.

A trapped polymerase hastens avian influenza virus evolution.

Two decades (2005 to 2025) of avian influenza research trends, knowledge gaps and distribution of emerging H5N1 2.3.4.4b clade in South Asia.

Why We Must Vaccinate US Dairy Cattle Against HPAI H5N1.

First highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreak in a commercial poultry farm in Brazil: Outbreak timeline, control actions, risk analysis, and transmission modeling.

Corrigendum to 'Clade 2.3.2.1 H5N1 avian influenza viruses circulate at the interface of migratory and domestic birds around Qinghai Lake in China' [Vet. Microbiol. 235 (2019) 234-242].

Evaluation of the inactivation of avian influenza virus in duck meat through electron beam irradiation.

Pathogenesis of H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in dry Jersey cows following intramammary inoculation shows within-host compartmentalization.

Compartmentalized cytokine networks and systemic immune remodeling in bovine mammary H5N1 infection.

Evaluation of an H5 influenza virus mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine in lactating dairy cows.

A Novel PLGA-based nano-adjuvant augments mucosal and systemic immunity in chicks through intestinal targeting and IgA production.

Avian influenza preparedness in Ghana: a cross-sectional assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices among residents of Nsawam-Adoagyiri Municipality, Eastern Region.

Identification of thermostability-enhancing mutations in H9N2 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin.

Drivers of Viral Diversity and Sharing in Marine Mammals.

Emergence of a novel H4N6 avian influenza virus with mammalian adaptation isolated from migratory birds in Zhejiang Province, China, 2024.

Effects of Antigen Dosage and Chitosan Micro/Nanoparticle Size on Immune Responses in Mice Immunized with H5N1 Influenza Vaccine.

A modelling exploration of potential spatiotemporal risk of high pathogenicity avian influenza virus introduction to Danish dairy herds through the contaminated environment.

Infection of ratites with clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV H5N1: Potential implications for zoonotic risk.

Understanding general practice veterinarians' confidence in identifying and treating avian influenza.

Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward avian influenza among free-grazing duck farmers in Central Thailand: An analytical cross-sectional study.

District-level joint risk assessment of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 at the human-animal-environment interface in live bird markets of Bogor, Indonesia.

Increased contact transmission of contemporary Human H5N1 compared to Bovine and Mountain Lion H5N1 in a hamster model.

Overcoming gastrointestinal mucosal barriers: Mechanistic innovations and technical advances in mucosal targeting strategies for animal oral vaccines.

Modeling the spillover risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza from wild birds to cattle in Denmark: A data-driven risk assessment framework.

Towards integrated advice for pandemic policies: Insights from a qualitative explorative study on Avian influenza simulation exercises in the Netherlands.

Polymerase trapping as the mechanism of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus genesis.

Using AI to Assess Potential Zoonotic Threats.

T-cell epitope supplementation enhances cross-protection against H7N9 AIV in chickens via upregulated HA epitope-specific T cell and CD4 T cell-mediated help.

Evaluating how infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection influences influenza H3N8 challenge in chickens.

Emergence of a novel reassorted high pathogenicity avian influenza A(H5N2) virus associated with severe pneumonia in a young adult.

The influence of diet-mediated exposure of avian influenza on adult survival, recruitment and territory occupancy in peregrine falcons.

Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus in Raw Milk Kefir.

Superiority of Chrysophyllum oliviforme in the green synthesis of highly stable ZnO nanoparticles: metabolomic profiling, quadruple antiviral screening, and comparative MD simulations.

"The trust is gone": smallholder poultry producers' perceptions of biosecurity measures against highly pathogenic avian influenza.

Mapping global avian influenza risk patterns through waterbird activity entropy.

Isolation of reassortant H5N1 and H5N8 avian influenza viruses from co-infections and their host-dependent replication dynamics.

Evaluation of immune response in calves vaccinated with baculovirus vectored inactivated vaccine expressing 2.3.4.4b H5 protein of highly pathogenic Avian Influenza virus.

High pathogenicity avian influenza in pinniped conservation.

Effects of dietary berberine hydrochloride on growth, immunity, meat quality, and fecal microbiota in broiler chickens.

Lack of Respiratory Droplet Transmission of Two Recent Human Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses in Female Ferrets.

Microplastics: a potential threat to gut microbiota and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens.

Modulation of innate immune responses by virus-host interactions in Orthoflavivirus.

Stabilization of the H5 clade 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin improves vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses in mice.

No evidence of influenza A virus infection in marine mammals stranded in Basque Country coast (Northern Spain) in the context of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b expansion.

Fatal human H3N8 influenza virus has a moderate pandemic risk.

Potent efficacy of an NA-targeting antibody against a broad spectrum of H5N1 influenza viruses.

Global evolutionary landscape of H11 avian influenza and initial isolates identified in Xinjiang, China.

In vivo inhibition of JAK-STAT signalling enhances high pathogenicity influenza virus replication in ducks.

[Investigation and management of the first case of human infection with avian influenza A(H10N3) virus in northern China].

Co-immunization with two recombinant Newcastle disease viruses expressing ILTV gB and H9N2 AIV HA confers protective efficacy against three avian pathogens.

Global economic impacts of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: A systematic review and impact framework.

FAdV-4-induced secondary Pasteurella multocida infection potentiates bacterial adherence and aggravates pathological damage in SPF chickens.

Chicken DDX21 inhibits H9N2 avian influenza virus replication by modulating type I interferon signaling pathway.

Development and Characterization of Candidate Vaccine Viruses against High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza A(H5) Viruses for Rapid Pandemic Response.

Surveillance of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Wild Birds in France, 2016-2022: What Did We Learn from Mortality Data?

Development of a MALDI-TOF nucleic acid mass spectrometry-based assay for the detection of 10 major avian diseases.

Influenza A Virus NS1 Inhibits RIPLET Activation of Duck RIG-I Signaling.

Concentration- and Time-Dependent Virucidal Responses of Major Transboundary Animal Disease Viruses to Disinfectants.

Avian Influenza H5N1 Infection During Pregnancy: Preparing for the Next Flu Pandemic and Improving Perinatal Outcomes.

Clinical and Laboratory Findings in Cats with Confirmed Avian Influenza A/H5N1 Virus Infection During the 2023 Outbreak in Poland: A Retrospective Case Series of 22 Cats.

Combinations of Favipiravir with Doxycycline, Azithromycin or Ivermectin Exert Synergistic Effects Against Influenza A H3N2 Virus Replication.

Molecular Characterization of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Viruses Circulating in Bulgaria During 2024-2025: Evidence for Hidden Circulation and Zoonotic Risk Markers.

Evolutionary lineage and host origin influence virulence and mammalian adaptation of H7N9 avian influenza viruses.

STING-NF-κB signaling builds an influenza spillover barrier.

Enhancing Vaccine Immunogenicity of H9N2 Influenza HA by Locking Its Pre-Fusion Conformation via Cleavage Site Engineering.

Antigenic Matching of rHVT-H5 via CRISPR/Cas9 Confers Complete Protection Against Novel H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b in Chicken.

Biosensor Technologies for Avian Influenza Detection: A New Frontier in Rapid Diagnostics for HPAI.

Synergy between HA cleavage site sequence and NA-mediated plasminogen recruitment as a virulence mechanism for low-pathogenic avian influenza.

Wild birds drive the introduction, maintenance, and spread of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in Spain, 2021-2022.

Emergence and Genetic Characteristics of H5N1, H5N6, and H5N3 Clade 2.3.4.4b High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses in South Korea During the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 Winter Seasons.

Length and density of α2-3 sialyllactose-containing chains on glycopolymers determine receptor binding of avian influenza viruses.

Avian influenza in Ireland: a spatiotemporal, subtype and host-based analysis (1983-2024).

Genetic Diversity of Recent U.S. Avian Metapneumovirus Subtype B Viruses Suggests Separate Incursions into Commercial Poultry Flocks.

Insights into cow-level risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clinical disease in lactating Holsteins from a single outbreak in Colorado: An observational study.

High immune responder cows have lower treatment risk and reduced milk loss during highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 outbreaks.

Evolution and spread of H8Nx avian influenza viruses from wild birds in East Asia, 2019-2024.

Evaluation of beta-propiolactone and AVL-ethanol inactivation protocols for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in allantoic fluid and cell culture.

Multi-model large-scale AI framework for avian influenza surveillance and preparedness: Harnessing large language models to enhance risk communication, real-time decision support, and public health response strategies.

Primary bovine embryonic fibroblasts demonstrate variable fitness following infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 strains and are susceptible to a recently circulating human 2009 pandemic lineage H1N1 strain.

Probiotic characterization of Bacillus subtilis Strain BS-Q and its cell-free-supernatant-mediated inhibition of Clostridium perfringens.

Advances and prospects of mucosal vaccination in the prevention and control of avian influenza.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Caused Mass Death Among Black-Legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in Norway, 2023.

Analyses of receptor binding specificity of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated from felines in South Korea, 2023.

The impact of acids, pH, and incubation time on avian influenza virus persistence in raw milk.

Spatial localization of avian and human influenza A virus receptors in male and female bovine reproductive tissues.

Zoonotic threat of novel H6N2 avian influenza virus with internal genes exclusively derived from H9N2, China, 2025.

Amino acid mutations K54E and S154P in the neuraminidase attenuate H3N2 canine influenza virus in mice.

Patterns of Avian Influenza Virus detection from active surveillance in wild birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Spatial risk mapping of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Morocco using geographic information system and multi-criteria decision analysis: Implications for targeted surveillance and control.

Genomic and evolutionary characterization of newly emerged highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade (2023-2025).

Advancing immunity and disease resistance in chickens through genome editing.

Avian Influenza A(H9N2) Virus Transmission across Chicken Production and Distribution Networks, Vietnam.

Baloxavir outperforms oseltamivir, favipiravir, and amantadine in treating lethal influenza A(H5N1) HA clade 2.3.4.4b infection in mice.

Genetic evolution and pathogenicity analysis of two natural recombinant isolates of avian influenza.

Dual roles of USP39 in stabilizing PB2 and orchestrating ribonucleoprotein assembly drive H5 influenza virus replication and pathogenicity.

Prognostic factors in H7N9 avian influenza: a systematic review based on case reports.

Baloxavir alleviates severe disease and viremia in ferrets infected with avian- or bovine-origin influenza A(H5N1) virus.

Introduction and inter-species transmission dynamics of high pathogenicity avian influenza H5N1 viruses in Japan 2021-25.

Investigation of an unusual morbidity event in lactating dairy cows in the Texas Panhandle and eastern New Mexico.

Virucidal multipurpose aqueous solution containing quaternary ammonium cation and sulfobetaine is effective against highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses.

The amplification of bacteriophages using Salmonella YB1 as a host and its therapeutic efficacy against salmonellosis in broilers.

Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation and ventilation for avian influenza control in poultry farms: A comprehensive review.

Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to Emerging Bovine H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Following Seasonal Influenza Vaccination: Implications for Pandemic Preparedness.

Comparative and predictive analysis of avian influenza in live bird markets of the Poyang Lake region: a long-term monitoring study.

Bioinformatics-guided vaccine targeting the hemagglutinin protein of avian influenza virus.

Avian influenza: how well is relevant biosecurity information communicated via online resources?

Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus in cull dairy cows with underlying respiratory and systemic disease.

Fly larvae as an alternative sample for the detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus.

Anti-influenza drugs targeting trimeric RNA polymerase complex: From development to clinics.

Genomic-based biosurveillance for avian influenza: whole genome sequencing from wild mallards sampled during autumn migration in 2022-2023 reveals a high co-infection rate on migration stopover site in Georgia.

Pattern recognition receptors and their roles in antiviral innate immunity in livestock.

Identifying avian influenza hotspots in wild birds in the Netherlands.

Visual Nanoprobe-Enhanced Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Protocol for Rapid Detection of Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus from Avian Respiratory Swabs.

Genetically engineered M13 phage-mediated H9N2 DNA vaccine with enhanced mucosal and systemic immune responses in mice.

Longitudinal Surveillance of Influenza A Virus Exposure in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Spain (2015-2023): Serologic and Virologic Evidence of Subtype Infections and H5N1 Spillover Risk.

Regional Pathogen Surveillance of Free-Ranging Wild Turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) in North Carolina, USA.

Chicken Origin Tribasic H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Induces Potent Early Antiviral Response With Low Pathogenicity in Japanese Quails.

Assessing HPAI-H5 transmission risk across wild bird migratory flyways in the United States.

Vaccination against H5 HP avian influenza virus leads to persistent immune response in wild king penguins.

Early detection and genetic characterization of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 and H5N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses at the onset of fall migration in wild birds during october 2025 in South Korea.

Agnostic capture of pathogens for the detection and diagnostics of emerging threats.

An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 could impact the dairy cattle sector and the broader economy in the United States.

Development of an inactivated H9N2 subtype avian influenza serological DIVA vaccine using the chimeric A/B NA epitope approach.

Research note: Molecular characteristics and genetic evolution of H1N1 avian influenza virus from wild birds in Shanghai, China.

Efficacy of dual administration vaccine of recombinant Newcastle disease virus expressing clade 2.3.4.4b H5 hemagglutinin against H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza and viscerotropic Velogenic Newcastle disease virus in broilers.

Two kinds of novel reassortment H3 subtypes of avian influenza viruses: similar genetic composition, different mammalian transmission capabilities.

Integrated approaches to explore temporal-spatial changes in gene reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) virus in Eurasia, 2000-2023.

A case of avian influenza A (H5N6) presented with secondary infection in Anhui Province, China, 2024.

Early innate immune response to highly pathogenic avian influenza and functional characterisation of the chicken IRF1 promoter.

Investigation of a Family Cluster of Human Infections With Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus, Clade 2.3.2.1e, in Cambodia, February 2023.

Detecting Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses through Severe Acute Respiratory Infection Surveillance, Cambodia.

Wild passerines as potential carriers and sources of avian influenza viruses in Ukraine.

Influenza surveillance and vaccine policy in Thailand-a historical perspective.

A global dataset of spatiotemporal co-occurrence patterns of avian influenza virus-associated migratory birds.

The host RNA helicase DDX6 restricts avian influenza virus replication by targeting viral NP and modulating ISG15.

Impact of African swine fever emergency on the mental health of first responders in the Dominican Republic.

Investigating high pathogenicity avian influenza virus incursions to remote islands: detection of H5N1 on Gough Island in the South Atlantic Ocean.

H4N6 avian influenza virus in Iran: first isolation and molecular insights.

Building trust before the next crisis: lessons from the avian influenza front lines.

Pre-existing neutralizing antibodies against cattle-transmitted influenza A virus H5N1 are detectable in unexposed individuals.

An intranasal adenoviral-vectored vaccine protects against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in naive and antigen-experienced animals.

Host restriction factor SAMHD1 does not restrict seasonal influenza virus replication in human epithelial or macrophage-like cells.

Evaluation of Rice Traits Containing H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza HA Protein Before Commercialization.

Detection of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus 2.3.4.4b in alpacas.

Salpingitis and multiorgan lesions caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a cat associated with consumption of recalled raw milk in California.

Specific determination of influenza virus A by SERS-active spike-like track-etched membranes.

Genetically distinct H5N2 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus isolated from a peregrine falcon on Amami-Oshima Island, Japan, harboring enhanced pathogenicity-associated amino acids in the PA protein.

Global risk mapping of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and H5Nx in the light of epidemic episodes occurring from 2020 onwards.

Protective Efficacy of a Hemagglutinin-Based mRNA Vaccine Against H5N1 Influenza Virus Challenge in Lactating Dairy Cows.

Extended Heterosubtypic Neutralization and Preclinical Model In Vivo Protection from Clade 2.3.4.4b H5 Influenza Virus Infection by Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies.

Expanding Horizons: Host Range Evolution and Treatment Strategies for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 and H7N9.

Pathobiology of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b) Virus from Pinnipeds on Tyuleniy Island in the Sea of Okhotsk, Russia.

A Novel Recombinant Chicken-Derived H6N8 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Caused Disease in Chickens and Mice.

Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.

Highly Conserved Influenza A Nucleoprotein as a Target for Broad-Spectrum Intervention: Characterization of a Monoclonal Antibody with Pan-Influenza Reactivity.

Molecular Characterization of an H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Isolated from a Dog in Jiangsu, China, in 2025.

Influenza A Virus H5N1 Subtype: Resurgent Interspecies and Intercontinental Transmission, and a New Host.

Phylogenetic Analyses and Biological Characterization of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Chickens in China from 2022 to 2023.

Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Tracking the Progression from IAV (H5N1) to IAV (H7N9) and Preparing for Emerging Challenges.

Long-Term Immunogenicity and Protection of a rHVT-H9/Y280 Vaccine Against H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus in Commercial Layers with High Maternal Antibodies.

Fatal H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza with Retrograde Neuroinvasion in a Free-Ranging Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) During a Wild Bird Outbreak in South Korea.

Establishment and application of EmDEA, a rapid on-site nucleic acid detection method for parrot bornavirus type 4.

Genomic features associated with sustained mammalian transmission of avian influenza A viruses.

Oseltamivir and baloxavir monotherapy and combination therapy efficacy against clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) influenza virus infection in ferrets.

CRISPR/Cas9-based programmable genome editing in chickens: concepts, applications and regulatory issues.

Detection of Two High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus (HPAIV) Subtypes, H5N1 and H5N5, in a Mass Mortality Event in Wild Seabirds and Co-Location With Dead Seals.

Transcriptomic insights into early responses of the uterovaginal junction and vagina to avian influenza virus infection in turkey breeder hens.

A rapid on-site diagnostic method for goose parvovirus disease based on recombinase polymerase amplification and CRISPR/AsCas12a.

Can H5N1 avian influenza in dairy cattle be contained in the US?

Disease susceptibility and biological vulnerability of black vultures to fatal clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection.

An H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus vaccine that elicits cross-protective antibodies against conserved domains of H5 and N1 glycoproteins.

Management of critical illness in an adolescent caused by highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus infection in British Columbia, Canada.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Low-Concentration Gaseous Chlorine Dioxide in Inactivating Airborne H5 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus in Vivo Model.

Waterfowl Move Less in Heterogeneous and Human-Populated Landscapes, With Implications for Spread of Avian Influenza Viruses.

Geographical and Ecological Drivers of Zoonotic Viral Spillover: A Review of Emerging and Re-emerging Outbreaks.

Anthropogenic transformation in terrestrial habitats of avian influenza host birds in the 21st century.

Immune history confers antibody- and T cell-dependent cross-protection against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses.

Comparative pathogenicity of a virulent field isolate and an NA S122N genetically modified H3N1 avian influenza virus in chickens.

Integrated region-specific modeling of H5 avian influenza in Asia using ENSO-based forecasts.

Epidemiology and impact of high pathogenicity avian influenza in Europe 2020-2025.

Milk as a Transmission Vehicle for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1).

Detection of Avian Influenza H5-Specific Antibodies by Chemiluminescent Assays.

From pandemic influenza to novel coronaviruses: emerging infectious diseases of the 21st century.

Development and validation of a sensitive fluorescence RT-qPCR assay with TaqMan-MGB probe for detection of H6 subtype avian influenza A virus.

The receptor binding properties of H5Ny influenza A viruses have evolved to bind to avian-type mucin-like O-glycans.

Selective Wettability-Driven Evaporation-Enhanced Redox Cycling for Robust and Ultrasensitive Detection of Viral Particles.

Surveillance of live birds for active and past infections reveals the impact of highly pathogenic H5N1 on seabird populations in Atlantic Canada.

Evidence of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Among Poultry in Ghana From 2021 to 2022.

Polymerase mutations underlie early adaptation of H5N1 influenza virus to dairy cattle and other mammals.