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Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting
ORPHA:177910CID-10 · Q87.1CID-11 · LD90.3DOENÇA RARA

A síndrome de Prader-Willi é uma desordem genética ocasionada pela perda de função de genes específicos. Em recém-nascidos os sintomas incluem músculos fracos, má alimentação e desenvolvimento lento. Na infância, a criança fica constantemente com fome, o que muitas vezes leva à obesidade e diabetes tipo 2. Também há tipicamente deficiência intelectual leve ou moderada e problemas comportamentais. Muitas vezes, a testa é estreita, as mãos e os pés pequenos, a estatura baixa, a cor da pele clara. O portador também é incapaz de ter filhos.

Mantido por Agente Raras·Colaborar como especialista →

Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting é uma condição genética rara caracterizada por hipotonia neonatal, dificuldades alimentares na infância, seguida por obesidade, hipogonadismo e comportamentos atípicos. Manifesta-se com características como pé e mão curtos, hipopigmentação e movimento fetal diminuído.

🏥
SUS: Cobertura mínimaScore: 35%
Centros em: PA, PE, BA, CE, PB +10CID-10: Q87.1
🇧🇷Dados SUS / DATASUS
PROCEDIMENTOS SIGTAP (5)
0202010503
Cariótipo — bandas G, Q ou Rgenetic_test
0202010600
Pesquisa de microdeleções/microduplicações por FISHlab_test
0202010694
Sequenciamento completo do exoma (WES)rehabilitation
0202010260
Dosagem de alfa-fetoproteína
0301070040
Atendimento em reabilitação — doenças raras
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Entender a doença

Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo

Preparando trilha educativa...

Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

📏
Crescimento
3 sintomas
🧠
Neurológico
3 sintomas
🧬
Pele e cabelo
2 sintomas
🦴
Ossos e articulações
2 sintomas
👁️
Olhos
1 sintomas
😀
Face
1 sintomas

+ 6 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

55%prev.
Obesidade
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Hipotonia neonatal
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Movimento fetal diminuído
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Pé curto
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Comportamento atípico
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Dificuldades alimentares na infância
Frequente (79-30%)
18sintomas
Frequente (11)
Ocasional (2)
Muito raro (5)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 18 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

ObesidadeObesity
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Hipotonia neonatalNeonatal hypotonia
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Movimento fetal diminuídoDecreased fetal movement
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Pé curtoShort foot
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Comportamento atípicoAtypical behavior
Frequente (79-30%)55%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Últimos 10 anos129publicações
Pico201918 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026🧪 2018Primeiro ensaio clínico📈 2019Ano de pico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

Genes associados

5 genes identificados com associação a esta condição.

Not applicable
MAGEL2MAGE-like protein 2Role in the phenotype ofDesconhecido
FUNÇÃO

Probably enhances ubiquitin ligase activity of RING-type zinc finger-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases, possibly through recruitment and/or stabilization of the Ubl-conjugating enzyme (E2) at the E3:substrate complex. Acts as a regulator of retrograde transport via its interaction with VPS35. Recruited to retromer-containing endosomes and promotes the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains at 'Lys-220' of WASHC1 together with TRIM27, leading to promote endosomal F-actin assembly

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Early endosomeCytoplasmNucleus

MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Schaaf-Yang syndrome

A disease characterized by clinical features of Prader-Willi syndrome, including neonatal hypotonia with poor suck, feeding problems in infancy, obesity, developmental delay, short stature, and hypogonadism. Additionally, patients manifest autism spectrum disorder. Some patients have dysmorphic facial features.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Tecido-específico)
Hipotálamo
16.6 TPM
Pituitária
15.9 TPM
Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia
8.1 TPM
Cervix Endocervix
6.5 TPM
Cervix Ectocervix
4.4 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (6)
Schaaf-Yang syndromePrader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 2fetal akinesia deformation sequence 1Prader-Willi syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15
HGNC:6814UniProt:Q9UJ55
SNORD115@Role in the phenotype ofDesconhecido
LOCALIZAÇÃO

HGNC:32780
NDNNecdinRole in the phenotype ofDesconhecido
FUNÇÃO

Growth suppressor that facilitates the entry of the cell into cell cycle arrest. Functionally similar to the retinoblastoma protein it binds to and represses the activity of cell-cycle-promoting proteins such as SV40 large T antigen, adenovirus E1A, and the transcription factor E2F. Necdin also interacts with p53 and works in an additive manner to inhibit cell growth. Also functions as a transcription factor and directly binds to specific guanosine-rich DNA sequences (By similarity)

LOCALIZAÇÃO

PerikaryonNucleus

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cervix Endocervix
169.7 TPM
Cervix Ectocervix
166.8 TPM
Ovário
140.4 TPM
Útero
125.6 TPM
Pituitária
108.7 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (4)
Prader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 1Prader-Willi syndrome due to imprinting mutationPrader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 2Prader-Willi syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15
HGNC:7675UniProt:Q99608
SNRPNSmall nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated protein NRole in the phenotype ofAltamente restrito
FUNÇÃO

May be involved in tissue-specific alternative RNA processing events

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Nucleus

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (3)
mRNA Splicing - Major PathwayDengue Virus-Host InteractionsmRNA Polyadenylation
EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
258.4 TPM
Brain Frontal Cortex BA9
241.0 TPM
Cerebelo
226.7 TPM
Pituitária
189.2 TPM
Córtex cerebral
187.8 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (6)
Prader-Willi syndrome due to paternal deletion of 15q11q13 type 2Angelman syndrome due to imprinting defect in 15q11-q13Prader-Willi syndrome due to maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15Prader-Willi syndrome due to translocation
HGNC:11164UniProt:P63162
SNORD116@Role in the phenotype ofDesconhecido
LOCALIZAÇÃO

HGNC:32781

Medicamentos aprovados (FDA)

2 medicamentos encontrados nos registros da FDA americana.

💊 VYKAT XR (DIAZOXIDE CHOLINE)
💊 Norditropin (SOMATROPIN)
Ver no DailyMed/FDA

Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)

638 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.

🧬 SNRPN: GRCh38/hg38 15q11.2-13.1(chr15:23387531-28281759)x3 ()
🧬 SNRPN: GRCh37/hg19 15q11.2-13.2(chr15:22770422-31073736)x4 ()
🧬 SNRPN: GRCh37/hg19 15q11.2-13.2(chr15:23713743-30913574)x4 ()
🧬 SNRPN: GRCh37/hg19 15q11.2-12(chr15:23645351-26213498)x1 ()
🧬 SNRPN: NM_003097.6(SNRPN):c.346G>C (p.Ala116Pro) ()
Ver todas no ClinVar

Vias biológicas (Reactome)

4 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

Carregando...

Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

Pipeline de tratamentos
Pipeline regulatório — de medicamentos já aprovados a drogas em pesquisa exploratória.
·Pré-clínico1
Medicamentos catalogadosEnsaios clínicos· 0 medicamentos · 1 ensaio
Carregando informações de tratamento...

Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting

Centros de Referência SUS

24 centros habilitados pelo SUS para Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting

Centros para Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting

Detalhes dos centros

Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES)

R. Dr. Augusto Viana, s/n - Canela, Salvador - BA, 40110-060 · CNES 0003808

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo

Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin

R. Tertuliano Sales, 544 - Vila União, Fortaleza - CE, 60410-794 · CNES 2407876

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital de Apoio de Brasília (HAB)

AENW 3 Lote A Setor Noroeste - Plano Piloto, Brasília - DF, 70684-831 · CNES 0010456

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Estadual Infantil e Maternidade Alzir Bernardino Alves (HIABA)

Av. Min. Salgado Filho, 918 - Soteco, Vila Velha - ES, 29106-010 · CNES 6631207

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital das Clínicas da UFG

Rua 235 QD. 68 Lote Área, Nº 285, s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia - GO, 74605-050 · CNES 2338424

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo

Hospital Universitário da UFJF

R. Catulo Breviglieri, Bairro - s/n - Santa Catarina, Juiz de Fora - MG, 36036-110 · CNES 2297442

Atenção Especializada

Rota
Anomalias Congênitas

Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG

Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte - MG, 30130-100 · CNES 2280167

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Universitário Julio Müller (HUJM)

R. Luis Philippe Pereira Leite, s/n - Alvorada, Cuiabá - MT, 78048-902 · CNES 2726092

Atenção Especializada

Rota
Anomalias Congênitas

Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto

R. dos Mundurucus, 4487 - Guamá, Belém - PA, 66073-000 · CNES 2337878

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley (HULW)

R. Tabeliao Estanislau Eloy, 585 - Castelo Branco, João Pessoa - PB, 58050-585 · CNES 0002470

Atenção Especializada

Rota
Anomalias Congênitas

Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP)

R. dos Coelhos, 300 - Boa Vista, Recife - PE, 50070-902 · CNES 0000647

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Pequeno Príncipe

R. Des. Motta, 1070 - Água Verde, Curitiba - PR, 80250-060 · CNES 3143805

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Universitário Regional de Maringá (HUM)

Av. Mandacaru, 1590 - Parque das Laranjeiras, Maringá - PR, 87083-240 · CNES 2216108

Atenção Especializada

Rota
Anomalias Congênitas

Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR

R. Gen. Carneiro, 181 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba - PR, 80060-900 · CNES 2364980

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE-UERJ)

Blvd. 28 de Setembro, 77 - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 20551-030 · CNES 2280221

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo

Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira (IFF/Fiocruz)

Av. Rui Barbosa, 716 - Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22250-020 · CNES 2269988

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS

Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre - RS, 90610-000 · CNES 2232928

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo

Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)

Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Bloco A - Av. Protásio Alves, 211 - Bloco B e C - Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre - RS, 90035-903 · CNES 2237601

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital Universitário da UFSC (HU-UFSC)

R. Profa. Maria Flora Pausewang - Trindade, Florianópolis - SC, 88036-800 · CNES 2560356

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo

Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP

R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo - SP, 05403-010 · CNES 2077485

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto

Av. Brg. Faria Lima, 5544 - Vila Sao Jose, São José do Rio Preto - SP, 15090-000 · CNES 2079798

Atenção Especializada

Rota
Anomalias Congênitas

Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP

R. Vital Brasil, 251 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-888 · CNES 2748223

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto (HCRP-USP)

R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto - SP, 14015-010 · CNES 2082187

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do MetabolismoDeficiência Intelectual

UNIFESP / Hospital São Paulo

R. Napoleão de Barros, 715 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04024-002 · CNES 2688689

Serviço de Referência

Rota
Anomalias CongênitasErros Inatos do Metabolismo
Sobre os centros SUS: Estes centros são habilitados pelo Ministério da Saúde como Serviços de Referência em Doenças Raras ou Serviços de Atenção Especializada. O atendimento é pelo SUS, com encaminhamento da rede de atenção básica.

Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.

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Publicações mais relevantes

Timeline de publicações
0 papers (10 anos)
#1

Divergent epigenetic profile underlie pubertal disorders in MKRN3-associated central precocious puberty and Prader-Willi syndrome: insights from a frameshift variant.

World journal of pediatrics : WJP2026 Feb

MKRN3 gene loss-of-function mutations cause central precocious puberty (CPP), whereas its deletion in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) paradoxically leads to hypogonadism. The mechanistic basis for these opposing reproductive phenotypes remains largely unclear. We performed whole-exome sequencing in 98 Chinese CPP patients along with a systematic review of previously reported MKRN3 pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants to summarize genotype-phenotype correlations. Subsequently, genome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed in CPP patients with the MKRN3 pathogenic variant, and the results were compared with those of patients with PWS, idiopathic CPP, and healthy controls. A pathogenic frameshift MKRN3 variant [c.476dupC (p.Ala159fs*15)], representing the first frameshift mutation reported within the inter-C3H1 hotspot region in an Asian cohort, was identified. Patients with severe MKRN3 variants exhibited significantly earlier pubertal onset (5.80 vs. 7.50 years, P = 0.029) and higher GnRH-stimulated peak LH levels (34.55 vs. 11.00 IU/L, P = 0.047) than those with missense mutations. Methylation analysis revealed no differences in MKRN3 but identified 18,609 differentially methylated positions between MKRN3-CPP and PWS. Key findings included hypermethylation of IGSF10 (Δβ = 0.37), ZC3H18 (Δβ = 0.27), SH3RF3 (Δβ = 0.36), and PTH1R (Δβ = 0.28), alongside hypomethylation of MAGEL2 (Δβ = - 0.19), and PTPA (Δβ = - 0.23), where Δβ represents the difference in DNA methylation β values between groups. We identified a first frameshift pathogenic variant localized to the inter-C3H1 region in Asia, further confirming its functional significance. Our study suggests an epigenetic framework that could potentially explain how divergent pubertal phenotypes in MKRN3 deficiency might arise from dysregulated epigenetic programming of downstream neuroendocrine pathways.

#2

Molecular characterization of imprinting disorders: Beckwith-Wiedemann, Silver-Russell, and Prader-Willi syndromes in Egyptian patients.

BMC pediatrics2025 Jul 29

Imprinted genes, characterized by monoallelic expressions (either maternal or paternal), they are crucial for normal growth and development. Disruption of their monoallelic expressions leads to imprinting disorders (ImpDis). The aim of this study is to achieve proper diagnosis of ImpDis in Egyptian patients through clinical evaluation and genetic testing, emphasizing certain clinical manifestations that may indicate ImpDis to provide accurate diagnosis and genetic counseling. Fifty-three patients, either clinically evaluated for Impaired Disposition (ImpDis) or suspected to have it, were referred from the outpatient genetic clinics at the National Research Center, Egypt. Nineteen patients displayed clinical manifestations of ImpDis syndromes, while 34 showed signs affecting growth, which suggested ImpDis. These growth-related symptoms included growth retardation, feeding problems, failure to thrive, hypoglycemia, obesity, hemihypertrophy, asymmetry, and overgrowth. Of the 19 patients with syndromic ImpDis, 8 were clinically diagnosed with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), 7 with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), and 4 with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS). We employed methylation-specific multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) for all patients, SNP-array testing for 12 patients, and whole exome sequencing (WES) for one patient. In patients with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS), one patient exhibited hypermethylation of the GRB10 and MEST genes, along with segmental uniparental disomy (UPD) on chromosome 7 (patient 1). Another patient had a variant in the HMGA2 gene (NM_001300918.1:c.310dup), which, according to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) criteria, was classified as PM2 VUS (patient 2). In patients with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), one patient showed hypermethylation of the SNPRN gene (patient 3). In patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), two displayed hypomethylation of the KCNQ-CR region (patients 4 and 5). Among the group of patients with symptoms suggestive of ImpDis, no methylation defects were detected through MS-MLPA. It is crucial to diagnose ImpDis accurately, as understanding the exact cause of ImpDis is important for genetic counseling and personalized medicine. Early diagnosis enables timely interventions, which can improve developmental outcomes. Precision in diagnosis helps differentiate between conditions with overlapping clinical features. HMGA2 mutation should be verified in SRs patients with negative 11p15 methylation defect and matUPD7.

#3

In-depth behavioral characterization of a rat model of Schaaf-Yang syndrome.

Scientific reports2025 Oct 30

Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS, OMIM #615547) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by truncating variants in the maternally imprinted MAGEL2 gene. It is characterized by intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, joint contractures, and feeding difficulties. Although MAGEL2 is deleted in most cases of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS, OMIM #176270), SYS presents with more severe symptoms, suggesting pathogenic effects of truncated MAGEL2 beyond a mere loss of function. This study expands the behavioral characterization of a novel rat model ("Magel2Pmut rats") which carries a truncating mutation on the paternal allele of Magel2, offering greater construct validity for SYS than previous animal models with Magel2 deletion. While an initial study provided first insights, key domains within the behavioral phenotype of the model remained unexplored. Our comprehensive behavioral analysis, including home-cage monitoring, ultrasonic vocalization analysis, and precise gait assessment, identified several phenotypic alterations potentially relevant to the study of SYS. Magel2Pmut rats exhibited abnormal feeding behavior, changes in early social communication, alterations in gait, aberrant behavior in the elevated plus maze, and delayed decision-making. Additionally, we confirmed that Magel2Pmut rats show phenotypes of abnormal social interaction. These results may reflect core symptoms seen in SYS, underscoring the value of this model for preclinical research on pathophysiology and therapeutics.

#4

Prenatal Phenotype in a Neonate with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Literature Review.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)2025 Jun 30

Background and Clinical Significance: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disease caused by imprinted gene dysfunction, typically involving deletion of the chromosome 15q11.2-q13 region, balanced translocation, or related gene mutations in this region. PWS presents with complex and varied clinical manifestations. Abnormalities can be observed from the fetal stage and change with age, resulting in growth, developmental, and metabolic issues throughout different life stages. Case Presentation: We report the prenatal characteristics observed from the second to third trimester of pregnancy in a neonate with PWS. Prenatal ultrasound findings included a single umbilical artery, poor abdominal circumference growth from 26 weeks, normal head circumference and femur length growth, increased amniotic fluid volume after 30 weeks, undescended fetal testicles in the third trimester, small kidneys, and reduced fetal movement. The male infant was born at 38 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 2580 g. He had a weak cry; severe hypotonia; small eyelid clefts; bilateral cryptorchidism; low responsiveness to medical procedures such as blood drawing; and poor sucking, necessitating tube feeding. Blood methylation-specific multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MS-MLPA) showed paternal deletion PWS. Notably, this case revealed two previously unreported prenatal features in PWS: a single umbilical artery and small kidneys. Conclusions: Through literature review and our case presentation, we suggest that a combination of specific sonographic features, including these newly identified markers, may aid clinicians in the early diagnosis of PWS.

#5

Mixed Segmental Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 15q11-q1 Coexists with Homozygous Variant in GNB5 Gene in Child with Prader-Willi and Lodder-Merla Syndrome.

Genes2025 Jun 05

Uniparental disomy (UPD) refers to the condition in which both chromosomes (or part of chromosome) of a pair are inherited from the same parent. There are two types of UPD: uniparental isodisomy (both chromosomes inherited from one parent are identical copies) and uniparental heterodisomy (two different chromosomes are inherited from one parent). UPD presents two primary developmental risks: recessive trait inheritance or an imprinting disorder. These risks may coexist, leading to an ultra-rare comorbidity. Managing the comorbidities associated with rare diseases presents unique clinical challenges. The existence of such phenomena is evidenced by our case report of a boy who was ultimately diagnosed with two rare diseases: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), due to the maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 15 (UPD), and autosomal recessive Lodder-Merla type 1 syndrome, linked to a novel pathogenic variant in the G protein subunit β 5 (GNB5) gene, as detailed in this paper. An unusual or severe phenotype in a patient diagnosed with PWS should invariably prompt the consideration of a comorbid genetic disease attributable to genes located in the PWS critical region of chromosome 15q, or elsewhere on chromosome 15. In cases of epileptic encephalopathy with cardiac arrhythmia, prompt consultation with a cardiologist and comprehensive genetic testing are essential to reduce the risks associated with untreated arrhythmia and ensure the provision of appropriate and safe anti-epileptic therapy. The presented case provides further support for the hypothesis that uniparental disomy may serve as an underlying cause of Lodder-Merla syndrome. This underscores the significance of comprehensive genetic testing, encompassing parental testing and familial cascade testing (in selected cases where there is consanguinity, or the likelihood of close common ancestral background between partners) to establish the recurrence risk.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMCmostrando 128

2026

Divergent epigenetic profile underlie pubertal disorders in MKRN3-associated central precocious puberty and Prader-Willi syndrome: insights from a frameshift variant.

World journal of pediatrics : WJP
2025

In-depth behavioral characterization of a rat model of Schaaf-Yang syndrome.

Scientific reports
2025

Molecular characterization of imprinting disorders: Beckwith-Wiedemann, Silver-Russell, and Prader-Willi syndromes in Egyptian patients.

BMC pediatrics
2025

Prenatal Phenotype in a Neonate with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Literature Review.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

Mixed Segmental Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 15q11-q1 Coexists with Homozygous Variant in GNB5 Gene in Child with Prader-Willi and Lodder-Merla Syndrome.

Genes
2025

Mom genes and dad genes: genomic imprinting in the regulation of social behaviors.

Epigenomics
2025

A Case of Prader-Willi Syndrome With a Deletion Including MAGEL2 , NDN , and MKRN3 , but Excluding SNRPN and SNORD116.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2025

Uniparental disomy (UPD) exclusion in embryos following Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements (PGT-SR).

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics
2024

Generation of isogenic models of Angelman syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome in CRISPR/Cas9-engineered human embryonic stem cells.

PloS one
2024

Chromosome 15q11-q13 Duplication Syndrome: A Review of the Literature and 14 New Cases.

Genes
2024

Evaluation of an In-House Genetic Testing Method for Confirming Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes in Sri Lanka.

Clinical laboratory
2024

Genotype-phenotype characteristics of 57 patients with Prader-Willi syndrome: a single-center experience from Turkey.

Clinical dysmorphology
2024

Investigating the correlation between genotype and phenotype in Prader-Willi syndrome: a study of 45 cases from Brazil.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2024

Genotype-phenotype correlation in Prader-Willi syndrome: A large-sample analysis in China.

Clinical genetics
2023

Hormonal Imbalances in Prader-Willi and Schaaf-Yang Syndromes Imply the Evolution of Specific Regulation of Hypothalamic Neuroendocrine Function in Mammals.

International journal of molecular sciences
2023

Register-based and genetic studies of Prader-Willi syndrome show a high frequency of gonadal tumors and a possible mechanism for tumorigenesis through imprinting relaxation.

Frontiers in medicine
2023

Early onset critically ill infants with Schaaf-Yang syndrome: a retrospective study from the China neonatal genomes project and literature review.

Annals of translational medicine
2024

Schaaf-Yang Syndrome: Clinical Phenotype and Effects of 4 years of Growth Hormone Treatment.

Hormone research in paediatrics
2023

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line, ZIPi021-A, from fibroblasts of a Prader-Willi syndrome patient with maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD).

Stem cell research
2023

The Effects of 5 Years of Growth Hormone Treatment on Growth and Body Composition in Patients with Temple Syndrome.

Hormone research in paediatrics
2022

Methylation status of hypothalamic Mkrn3 promoter across puberty.

Frontiers in endocrinology
2023

Evidence for parent-of-origin effects in autism spectrum disorder: a narrative review.

Journal of applied genetics
2023

Magel2 truncation alters select behavioral and physiological outcomes in a rat model of Schaaf-Yang syndrome.

Disease models & mechanisms
2023

Diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome by targeted nanopore long-read sequencing.

European journal of medical genetics
2023

Non-coding RNAs associated with Prader-Willi syndrome regulate transcription of neurodevelopmental genes in human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Human molecular genetics
2022

Atypical presentation of Angelman syndrome with intact expressive language due to low-level mosaicism.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine
2022

Prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with region of homozygosity detected by single nucleotide polymorphism array: a retrospective cohort study.

Journal of human genetics
2022

Multi-omics analysis reveals multiple mechanisms causing Prader-Willi like syndrome in a family with a X;15 translocation.

Human mutation
2022

Neurobehavioral Dimensions of Prader Willi Syndrome: Relationships Between Sleep and Psychosis-Risk Symptoms.

Frontiers in psychiatry
2022

Prader-Willi Syndrome and PCSK1 mutation: a novel presentation of combined syndromic and monogenic obesity.

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
2022

Feasibility of Screening for Chromosome 15 Imprinting Disorders in 16 579 Newborns by Using a Novel Genomic Workflow.

JAMA network open
2021

Comparison of mouse models reveals a molecular distinction between psychotic illness in PWS and schizophrenia.

Translational psychiatry
2021

Patients with PWS and related syndromes display differentially methylated regions involved in neurodevelopmental and nutritional trajectory.

Clinical epigenetics
2021

Necdin: A purposive integrator of molecular interaction networks for mammalian neuron vitality.

Genes to cells : devoted to molecular & cellular mechanisms
2023

The Cost of Raising Individuals with Fragile X or Chromosome 15 Imprinting Disorders in Australia.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders
2021

The N-terminal domain of the Schaaf-Yang syndrome protein MAGEL2 likely has a role in RNA metabolism.

The Journal of biological chemistry
2021

[Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes: case series diagnosed by MS-MLPA assay].

Revista medica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
2021

The Diagnostic Journey of a Patient with Prader-Willi-Like Syndrome and a Unique Homozygous SNURF-SNRPN Variant; Bio-Molecular Analysis and Review of the Literature.

Genes
2021

Phenotypic spectrum and mechanism analysis of Schaff Yang syndrome: A case report on new mutation of MAGEL2 gene.

Medicine
2022

Mosaic de novo SNRPN gene variant associated with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Journal of medical genetics
2021

A Novel Mutation in the Myosin Binding Protein C Gene in a Prader-Willi Syndrome Pedigree.

Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
2021

A Streamlined Approach to Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndrome Molecular Diagnostics.

Frontiers in genetics
2021

UPD(14)mat and UPD(14)mat in concomitance with mosaic small supernumerary marker chromosome 14 in two new patients with Temple syndrome.

European journal of medical genetics
2021

Hypogonadism in Patients with Prader Willi Syndrome: A Narrative Review.

International journal of molecular sciences
2021

Refining the Behavioral Phenotype of Angelman Syndrome: Examining Differences in Motivation for Social Contact Between Genetic Subgroups.

Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience
2021

Temple syndrome resulting from uniparental disomy is undiagnosed by a methylation assay due to low-level mosaicism for trisomy 14.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2020

Diagnosis of Schaaf-Yang syndrome in Korean children with developmental delay and hypotonia.

Medicine
2020

Genetic Subtype-Phenotype Analysis of Growth Hormone Treatment on Psychiatric Behavior in Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Genes
2020

Prenatal diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome due to uniparental disomy with NIPS: Case report and literature review.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine
2020

Congenital ichthyosis in Prader-Willi syndrome associated with maternal chromosome 15 uniparental disomy: Case report and review of autosomal recessive conditions unmasked by UPD.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2020

Two mouse models carrying truncating mutations in Magel2 show distinct phenotypes.

PloS one
2020

[Application of various genetic techniques for the diagnosis of Prader-Willi syndrome].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2020

GENETICS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Genetic etiologies of central precocious puberty and the role of imprinted genes.

European journal of endocrinology
2020

The necdin interactome: evaluating the effects of amino acid substitutions and cell stress using proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) and mass spectrometry.

Human genetics
2020

Heterozygous Deletions in MKRN3 Cause Central Precocious Puberty Without Prader-Willi Syndrome.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
2020

Association of congenital cardiovascular malformation and neuropsychiatric phenotypes with 15q11.2 (BP1-BP2) deletion in the UK Biobank.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2020

CRISPR/Cas9 Epigenome Editing Potential for Rare Imprinting Diseases: A Review.

Cells
2020

Clinical Observations and Treatment Approaches for Scoliosis in Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Genes
2020

Perinatal features of Prader-Willi syndrome: a Chinese cohort of 134 patients.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2019

Genotype-Phenotype Relationships and Endocrine Findings in Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Frontiers in endocrinology
2020

Nutrition Assessment and Intervention in a Pediatric Patient with Angelman Syndrome: A Case Presentation Highlighting Clinical Challenges and Evidence-Based Solutions.

Lifestyle genomics
2020

Molecular subtype and growth hormone effects on dysmorphology in Prader-Willi syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2019

Generation of patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (KSCBi007-A) derived from a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome retain maternal uniparental disomy (UPD).

Stem cell research
2019

Chinese Siblings with Prader-Willi Syndrome Inherited from Their Paternal Grandmother.

Indian pediatrics
2019

Chromosomal Aberrations with Endocrine Relevance (Turner Syndrome, Klinefelter Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome).

Experientia supplementum (2012)
2019

Mutations in MAGEL2 and L1CAM Are Associated With Congenital Hypopituitarism and Arthrogryposis.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
2019

Preserved expressive language as a phenotypic determinant of Mosaic Angelman Syndrome.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine
2019

[Epigenomic variations manifesting as a loss of heterozygosity affecting imprinted genes represent a molecular mechanism of autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability in children].

Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova
2019

Impact of genetic subtypes of Prader-Willi syndrome with growth hormone therapy on intelligence and body mass index.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2019

Analysis of the GCG repeat length in NIPA1 gene in C9orf72-mediated ALS in a large Italian ALS cohort.

Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
2019

Prader-Willi syndrome imprinting centre deletion mice have impaired baseline and 5-HT2CR-mediated response inhibition.

Human molecular genetics
2019

Translocation breakpoint disrupting the host SNHG14 gene but not coding genes or snoRNAs in typical Prader-Willi syndrome.

Journal of human genetics
2019

Genetic testing for Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome in the clinical practice of Guangdong Province, China.

Molecular cytogenetics
2019

Exploring the unique function of imprinting control centers in the PWS/AS-responsible region: finding from array-based methylation analysis in cases with variously sized microdeletions.

Clinical epigenetics
2019

Analysis of the Prader-Willi syndrome imprinting center using droplet digital PCR and next-generation whole-exome sequencing.

Molecular genetics & genomic medicine
2019

Single-nucleotide polymorphism-based chromosomal microarray analysis provides clues and insights into disease mechanisms.

Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
2018

A Novel Mutation of MAGEL2 in a Patient with Schaaf-Yang Syndrome and Hypopituitarism.

International journal of endocrinology and metabolism
2018

Schaaf-Yang syndrome overview: Report of 78 individuals.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2019

A mouse model of Angelman syndrome imprinting defects.

Human molecular genetics
2018

Prader-Willi locus Snord116 RNA processing requires an active endogenous allele and neuron-specific splicing by Rbfox3/NeuN.

Human molecular genetics
2019

Cognitive deficits in the Snord116 deletion mouse model for Prader-Willi syndrome.

Neurobiology of learning and memory
2019

Molecular genetic classification in Prader-Willi syndrome: a multisite cohort study.

Journal of medical genetics
2018

Snord116-dependent diurnal rhythm of DNA methylation in mouse cortex.

Nature communications
2018

Comparison of perinatal factors in deletion versus uniparental disomy in Prader-Willi syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2018

Chromosome 14q32.2 Imprinted Region Disruption as an Alternative Molecular Diagnosis of Silver-Russell Syndrome.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
2018

Hormonal, metabolic and skeletal phenotype of Schaaf-Yang syndrome: a comparison to Prader-Willi syndrome.

Journal of medical genetics
2018

Three siblings with Prader-Willi syndrome caused by imprinting center microdeletions and review.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2018

Brain-stem serotonin transporter availability in maternal uniparental disomy and deletion Prader-Willi syndrome.

The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science
2018

[Variation analysis of the number of copies and methylene patterns in region 15q11-q13].

Medicina
2018

Temple syndrome as a differential diagnosis to Prader-Willi syndrome: Identifying three new patients.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2018

Prader-Willi syndrome genetic subtypes and clinical neuropsychiatric diagnoses in residential care adults.

Clinical genetics
2017

Loss of the imprinted, non-coding Snord116 gene cluster in the interval deleted in the Prader Willi syndrome results in murine neuronal and endocrine pancreatic developmental phenotypes.

Human molecular genetics
2017

Assessing the Clinical Utility of SNP Microarray for Prader-Willi Syndrome due to Uniparental Disomy.

Cytogenetic and genome research
2017

Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 15 in Two Cases by Chromosome Microarray: A Lesson Worth Thinking.

Cytogenetic and genome research
2017

Temple syndrome: comprehensive molecular and clinical findings in 32 Japanese patients.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics
2017

Cellular and disease functions of the Prader-Willi Syndrome gene MAGEL2.

The Biochemical journal
2017

A novel deletion of SNURF/SNRPN exon 1 in a patient with Prader-Willi-like phenotype.

European journal of medical genetics
2017

Clinical and genetic aspects of the 15q11.2 BP1-BP2 microdeletion disorder.

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR
2017

A De Novo Nonsense Mutation in MAGEL2 in a Patient Initially Diagnosed as Opitz-C: Similarities Between Schaaf-Yang and Opitz-C Syndromes.

Scientific reports
2017

SNORD116 deletions cause Prader-Willi syndrome with a mild phenotype and macrocephaly.

Clinical genetics
2017

Exome analysis of Smith-Magenis-like syndrome cohort identifies de novo likely pathogenic variants.

Human genetics
2016

Beyond Epilepsy and Autism: Disruption of GABRB3 Causes Ocular Hypopigmentation.

Cell reports
2017

Changeability of the fully methylated status of the 15q11.2 region in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a patient with Prader-Willi syndrome.

Congenital anomalies
2016

Unusual Processing Generates SPA LncRNAs that Sequester Multiple RNA Binding Proteins.

Molecular cell
2016

SPArking Interest in the Long Noncoding RNA World: A New Class of 5' SnoRNA-Stabilized LncRNA that Influences Alternative Splicing.

Molecular cell
2017

Paradoxical leanness in the imprinting-centre deletion mouse model for Prader-Willi syndrome.

The Journal of endocrinology
2016

Prader-Willi syndrome and atypical submicroscopic 15q11-q13 deletions with or without imprinting defects.

European journal of medical genetics
2016

Deletion of SNURF/SNRPN U1B and U1B* upstream exons in a child with developmental delay and excessive weight.

Journal of genetics
2016

DNA Methylation Profiling of Uniparental Disomy Subjects Provides a Map of Parental Epigenetic Bias in the Human Genome.

American journal of human genetics
2017

The phenotypic spectrum of Schaaf-Yang syndrome: 18 new affected individuals from 14 families.

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics
2016

Parental Origin of Interstitial Duplications at 15q11.2-q13.3 in Schizophrenia and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

PLoS genetics
2016

Prader-Willi Syndrome: The Disease that Opened up Epigenomic-Based Preemptive Medicine.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)
2016

Temple syndrome: A patient with maternal hetero-UPD14, mixed iso- and hetero-disomy detected by SNP microarray typing of patient-father duos.

Brain & development
2016

Clinical Application of an Innovative Multiplex-Fluorescent-Labeled STRs Assay for Prader-Willi Syndrome and Angelman Syndrome.

PloS one
2016

Prader-Willi Critical Region, a Non-Translated, Imprinted Central Regulator of Bone Mass: Possible Role in Skeletal Abnormalities in Prader-Willi Syndrome.

PloS one
2015

Epigenetic regulation of UBE3A and roles in human neurodevelopmental disorders.

Epigenomics
2015

A case of familial central precocious puberty caused by a novel mutation in the makorin RING finger protein 3 gene.

BMC endocrine disorders
2016

Deletion of the Snord116/SNORD116 Alters Sleep in Mice and Patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome.

Sleep
2015

Truncating Mutations of MAGEL2, a Gene within the Prader-Willi Locus, Are Responsible for Severe Arthrogryposis.

American journal of human genetics
2016

Comparative molecular approaches in Prader-Willi syndrome diagnosis.

Gene
2015

Autism spectrum disorder in Prader-Willi syndrome: A systematic review.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2015

Rapid Diagnosis of Imprinting Disorders Involving Copy Number Variation and Uniparental Disomy Using Genome-Wide SNP Microarrays.

Cytogenetic and genome research
2015

A girl with incomplete Prader-Willi syndrome and negative MS-PCR, found to have mosaic maternal UPD-15 at SNP array.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2015

Prader-Willi, Angelman, and 15q11-q13 Duplication Syndromes.

Pediatric clinics of North America
2015

A new pathway in the control of the initiation of puberty: the MKRN3 gene.

Journal of molecular endocrinology
2015

Common genetic and epigenetic syndromes.

Pediatric clinics of North America
2015

Phenotype of a child with Angelman syndrome born to a woman with Prader-Willi syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2015

Are Angelman and Prader-Willi syndromes more similar than we thought? Food-related behavior problems in Angelman, Cornelia de Lange, fragile X, Prader-Willi and 1p36 deletion syndromes.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A

Associações

Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação

Associação brasileira dedicada a Síndrome de Prader-Willi.

Comunidades

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Ainda não existe comunidade no Raras para Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting

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Doenças relacionadas

Doenças com sintomas parecidos — ajudam quem ainda está buscando diagnóstico

Ordenadas pelo número de sintomas em comum.

Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. Divergent epigenetic profile underlie pubertal disorders in MKRN3-associated central precocious puberty and Prader-Willi syndrome: insights from a frameshift variant.
    World journal of pediatrics : WJP· 2026· PMID 41642464mais citado
  2. Molecular characterization of imprinting disorders: Beckwith-Wiedemann, Silver-Russell, and Prader-Willi syndromes in Egyptian patients.
    BMC pediatrics· 2025· PMID 40730975mais citado
  3. In-depth behavioral characterization of a rat model of Schaaf-Yang syndrome.
    Scientific reports· 2025· PMID 41168328mais citado
  4. Prenatal Phenotype in a Neonate with Prader-Willi Syndrome and Literature Review.
    Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)· 2025· PMID 40647665mais citado
  5. Mixed Segmental Uniparental Disomy of Chromosome 15q11-q1 Coexists with Homozygous Variant in GNB5 Gene in Child with Prader-Willi and Lodder-Merla Syndrome.
    Genes· 2025· PMID 40565581mais citado
  6. A Case of Prader-Willi Syndrome With a Deletion Including MAGEL2 , NDN , and MKRN3 , but Excluding SNRPN and SNORD116.
    Am J Med Genet A· 2025· PMID 40231584recente
  7. Uniparental disomy (UPD) exclusion in embryos following Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements (PGT-SR).
    J Assist Reprod Genet· 2025· PMID 39693035recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:177910(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0015786(MONDO)
  3. GARD:17075(GARD (NIH))
  4. Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
  5. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  6. Q55785716(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting
Compêndio · Raras BR

Síndrome de Prader-Willi por alteração do imprinting

ORPHA:177910 · MONDO:0015786
CID-10
Q87.1 · Síndromes com malformações congênitas associadas predominantemente com nanismo
CID-11
Início
Antenatal, Neonatal
MedGen
UMLS
C5680510
Wikidata
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