Raras
Buscar doenças, sintomas, genes...
Síndrome Perrault
ORPHA:2855CID-10 · Q87.8CID-11 · LD2H.YDOENÇA RARA

A Síndrome de Perrault (SP) é caracterizada pela combinação de desenvolvimento anormal dos ovários em mulheres com perda auditiva de origem neurológica. Em estudos mais recentes sobre a SP, alguns pesquisadores descreveram problemas neurológicos, principalmente a dificuldade progressiva na coordenação dos movimentos (ligada ao cerebelo, uma parte do cérebro) e dificuldade intelectual.

Mantido por Agente Raras·Colaborar como especialista →

Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

A Síndrome de Perrault (SP) é caracterizada pela combinação de desenvolvimento anormal dos ovários em mulheres com perda auditiva de origem neurológica. Em estudos mais recentes sobre a SP, alguns pesquisadores descreveram problemas neurológicos, principalmente a dificuldade progressiva na coordenação dos movimentos (ligada ao cerebelo, uma parte do cérebro) e dificuldade intelectual.

Publicações científicas
126 artigos
Último publicado: 2026 Apr 15

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
<1 / 1 000 000
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Worldwide
Casos conhecidos
124
pacientes catalogados
Início
Adolescent
+ adult, childhood
🏥
SUS: Cobertura mínimaScore: 15%
CID-10: Q87.8
🇧🇷Dados SUS / DATASUS
PROCEDIMENTOS SIGTAP (5)
0202010503
Cariótipo — bandas G, Q ou Rgenetic_test
0202010600
Pesquisa de microdeleções/microduplicações por FISHlab_test
0202010694
Sequenciamento completo do exoma (WES)rehabilitation
0202010260
Dosagem de alfa-fetoproteína
0301070040
Atendimento em reabilitação — doenças raras
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Entender a doença

Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo

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Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

🧠
Neurológico
15 sintomas
📏
Crescimento
7 sintomas
👂
Ouvidos
4 sintomas
🦴
Ossos e articulações
4 sintomas
👁️
Olhos
3 sintomas
😀
Face
3 sintomas

+ 25 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

90%prev.
Aumento do nível circulante de gonadotropina
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Deficiência auditiva neurossensorial
Muito frequente (99-80%)
55%prev.
Insuficiência ovariana prematura
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Ovário em fita
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Amenorreia primária
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Hipoplasia do útero
Frequente (79-30%)
65sintomas
Muito frequente (2)
Frequente (4)
Ocasional (13)
Sem dados (46)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 65 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

Aumento do nível circulante de gonadotropinaIncreased circulating gonadotropin level
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Deficiência auditiva neurossensorialSensorineural hearing impairment
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Insuficiência ovariana prematuraPremature ovarian insufficiency
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Ovário em fitaStreak ovary
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Amenorreia primáriaPrimary amenorrhea
Frequente (79-30%)55%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Total histórico126PubMed
Últimos 10 anos96publicações
Pico202416 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026📈 2024Ano de pico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

Genes associados

10 genes identificados com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Autosomal recessive.

ERAL1GTPase Era, mitochondrialDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Probable GTPase that plays a role in the mitochondrial ribosomal small subunit assembly. Specifically binds the 12S mitochondrial rRNA (12S mt-rRNA) to a 33 nucleotide section delineating the 3' terminal stem-loop region. May act as a chaperone that protects the 12S mt-rRNA on the 28S mitoribosomal subunit during ribosomal small subunit assembly

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion matrixMitochondrion inner membrane

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (4)
Mitochondrial translation terminationMitochondrial ribosome-associated quality controlMitochondrial translation initiationMitochondrial translation elongation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Perrault syndrome 6

A form of Perrault syndrome, a sex-influenced disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness in both males and females, and ovarian dysgenesis in females. Affected females have primary amenorrhea, streak gonads, and infertility, whereas affected males show normal pubertal development and are fertile. PRLTS6 inheritance is autosomal recessive.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
88.6 TPM
Cerebelo
84.5 TPM
Linfócitos
71.5 TPM
Fibroblastos
68.2 TPM
Útero
63.8 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
Perrault syndrome 6Perrault syndrome 1Perrault syndrome 2
HGNC:3424UniProt:O75616
PRORPMitochondrial ribonuclease P catalytic subunitCandidate gene tested inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Catalytic ribonuclease component of mitochondrial ribonuclease P, a complex composed of TRMT10C/MRPP1, HSD17B10/MRPP2 and PRORP/MRPP3, which cleaves tRNA molecules in their 5'-ends (PubMed:18984158, PubMed:25953853, PubMed:34715011). The presence of TRMT10C/MRPP1, HSD17B10/MRPP2 is required to catalyze tRNA molecules in their 5'-ends (PubMed:25953853)

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (3)
tRNA processing in the mitochondrionrRNA processing in the mitochondriontRNA modification in the mitochondrion
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54

An autosomal recessive, multisystem disorder with highly variable manifestations resulting from defective mitochondrial transcription and translation. Clinical features include early-onset sensorineural hearing loss, sometimes associated with global developmental delay or primary ovarian failure, peripheral hypertonia, seizures, muscle weakness, behavioral abnormalities, and leukoencephalopathy on brain imaging. Serum lactate may or may not be elevated.

OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54Perrault syndrome 1Perrault syndrome 2
HGNC:19958UniProt:O15091
GGPS1Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthaseCandidate gene tested inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Catalyzes the trans-addition of the three molecules of IPP onto DMAPP to form geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, an important precursor of carotenoids and geranylated proteins

LOCALIZAÇÃO

CytoplasmCytoplasm, perinuclear regionCytoplasm, myofibril, sarcomere, Z line

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (2)
Lanosterol biosynthesisActivation of gene expression by SREBF (SREBP)
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Muscular dystrophy, congenital hearing loss, and ovarian insufficiency syndrome

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early-onset progressive muscle weakness, sensorineural hearing loss, and primary amenorrhea due to ovarian insufficiency. Some patients become wheelchair-bound by the second decade, whereas others have a milder phenotype and maintain independent ambulation into adulthood. Most patients have respiratory insufficiency.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Testículo
33.4 TPM
Próstata
22.5 TPM
Cólon sigmoide
21.1 TPM
Útero
20.4 TPM
Tireoide
20.1 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
muscular dystrophy, congenital hearing loss, and ovarian insufficiency syndromePerrault syndrome 2Perrault syndrome 1
HGNC:4249UniProt:O95749
RMND1Required for meiotic nuclear division protein 1 homologCandidate gene tested inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Required for mitochondrial translation, possibly by coordinating the assembly or maintenance of the mitochondrial ribosome (PubMed:23022098, PubMed:25604853)

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion

MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 11

A severe, multisystemic, autosomal recessive, disorder characterized by deficiencies of multiple mitochondrial respiratory enzymes leading to neonatal hypotonia and lactic acidosis. Affected individuals may have respiratory insufficiency, foot deformities, or seizures.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Fibroblastos
33.6 TPM
Linfócitos
24.5 TPM
Ovário
23.4 TPM
Tireoide
22.3 TPM
Tecido adiposo
19.5 TPM
INTERAÇÕES PROTEICAS (4)
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 11Perrault syndrome 1Perrault syndrome 2
HGNC:21176UniProt:Q9NWS8
CLPPATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic subunit, mitochondrialDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Protease component of the ClpXP complex that cleaves peptides and various proteins in an ATP-dependent process. Has low peptidase activity in the absence of CLPX. The ClpXP complex can degrade CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN3, as well as synthetic peptides (in vitro) and may be responsible for a fairly general and central housekeeping function rather than for the degradation of specific substrates (PubMed:11923310, PubMed:15522782). Cleaves PINK1 in the mitochondrion (PubMed:22354088)

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion matrix

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Mitochondrial protein degradation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Perrault syndrome 3

An autosomal recessive, sex-influenced disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness in both males and females, and ovarian dysgenesis in females. Affected females have primary amenorrhea, streak gonads, and infertility, whereas affected males show normal pubertal development and are fertile. A spectrum of additional clinical features, including cerebellar ataxia, learning disability, and peripheral neuropathy, have been described in some PRLTS3 affected individuals.

OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
Perrault syndrome 3Perrault syndrome 2Perrault syndrome 1
HGNC:2084UniProt:Q16740
DAP3Small ribosomal subunit protein mS29Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

As a component of the mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit, it plays a role in the translation of mitochondrial mRNAs (PubMed:39701103). Involved in mediating interferon-gamma-induced cell death (PubMed:7499268). Displays GTPase activity in vitro (PubMed:39701103)

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (4)
Mitochondrial translation terminationMitochondrial ribosome-associated quality controlMitochondrial translation initiationMitochondrial translation elongation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Perrault syndrome 7

A form of Perrault syndrome, a sex-influenced disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness in both males and females, and ovarian dysgenesis in females. Affected females have primary amenorrhea, streak gonads, and infertility, whereas affected males show normal pubertal development and are fertile. PRLTS7 inheritance is autosomal recessive. Some affected individuals present with neurologic features.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Linfócitos
70.7 TPM
Fibroblastos
59.5 TPM
Bladder
47.4 TPM
Skin Sun Exposed Lower leg
47.0 TPM
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic
45.4 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (1)
Perrault syndrome 7
HGNC:HGNC:2673UniProt:P51398
TWNKTwinkle mtDNA helicaseDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Mitochondrial helicase involved in mtDNA replication and repair (PubMed:12975372, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:17324440, PubMed:18039713, PubMed:18971204, PubMed:25824949, PubMed:26887820, PubMed:27226550). Might have a role in mtDNA repair (PubMed:27226550). Has DNA strand separation activity needed to form a processive replication fork for leading strand synthesis which is catalyzed by the formation of a replisome complex with POLG and mtSDB (PubMed:12975372, PubMed:15167897, PubMed:18039713, PubMe

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion matrix, mitochondrion nucleoidMitochondrion inner membrane

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (3)
Strand-asynchronous mitochondrial DNA replicationMitochondrial protein degradationTranscriptional activation of mitochondrial biogenesis
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant, 3

A disorder characterized by progressive weakness of ocular muscles and levator muscle of the upper eyelid. In a minority of cases, it is associated with skeletal myopathy, which predominantly involves axial or proximal muscles and which causes abnormal fatigability and even permanent muscle weakness. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are found on muscle biopsy. A large proportion of chronic ophthalmoplegias are associated with other symptoms, leading to a multisystemic pattern of this disease. Additional symptoms are variable, and may include cataracts, hearing loss, sensory axonal neuropathy, ataxia, depression, hypogonadism, and parkinsonism.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Linfócitos
21.9 TPM
Testículo
20.3 TPM
Fibroblastos
14.6 TPM
Ovário
10.6 TPM
Útero
10.3 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (8)
mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 7 (hepatocerebral type)Perrault syndrome 5progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal dominant 3autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia
HGNC:1160UniProt:Q96RR1
HSD17B4Peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 2Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway. Catalyzes two of the four reactions in fatty acid degradation: hydration of 2-enoyl-CoA (trans-2-enoyl-CoA) to produce (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, and dehydrogenation of (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to produce 3-ketoacyl-CoA (3-oxoacyl-CoA), which is further metabolized by SCPx. Can use straight-chain and branched-chain fatty acids, as well as bile acid intermediates as substrates

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Peroxisome

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Peroxisomal protein import
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

D-bifunctional protein deficiency

Disorder of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Tireoide
203.8 TPM
Glândula adrenal
129.8 TPM
Fígado
119.8 TPM
Pulmão
107.4 TPM
Brain Spinal cord cervical c-1
105.2 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (3)
Perrault syndrome 1d-bifunctional protein deficiencyPerrault syndrome 2
HGNC:5213UniProt:P51659
LARS2Leucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrialDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Catalyzes the attachment of leucine to its cognate tRNA

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Mitochondrion matrix

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Perrault syndrome 4

An autosomal recessive, sex-influenced disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness in both males and females, and ovarian dysgenesis in females. Affected females have primary amenorrhea, streak gonads, and infertility, whereas affected males show normal pubertal development and are fertile.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Linfócitos
22.1 TPM
Fibroblastos
20.3 TPM
Córtex cerebral
13.1 TPM
Brain Frontal Cortex BA9
13.1 TPM
Brain Nucleus accumbens basal ganglia
12.9 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (4)
Perrault syndrome 4hydrops-lactic acidosis-sideroblastic anemia-multisystemic failure syndromePerrault syndrome 2Perrault syndrome 1
HGNC:17095UniProt:Q15031
HARS2D-aminoacyl-tRNA deacylase 1Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Possible ATPase (PubMed:15653697) involved in DNA replication, may facilitate loading of CDC45 onto pre-replication complexes (PubMed:20065034) An aminoacyl-tRNA editing enzyme that deacylates mischarged D-aminoacyl-tRNAs. Also deacylates mischarged glycyl-tRNA(Ala), protecting cells against glycine mischarging by AlaRS. Acts via tRNA-based rather than protein-based catalysis; rejects L-amino acids rather than detecting D-amino acids in the active site. By recycling D-aminoacyl-tRNA to D-amino a

LOCALIZAÇÃO

NucleusCytoplasm

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Mitochondrial tRNA aminoacylation
EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
60.5 TPM
Cerebelo
58.0 TPM
Útero
55.0 TPM
Nervo tibial
52.6 TPM
Fallopian Tube
49.9 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
Perrault syndrome 2Perrault syndrome 1
HGNC:4817UniProt:Q8TEA8

Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)

103 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.

🧬 ERAL1: NM_005702.4(ERAL1):c.412-35C>G ()
🧬 ERAL1: GRCh37/hg19 17p11.2-q11.2(chr17:21690653-28281232) ()
🧬 ERAL1: GRCh37/hg19 17q11.1-11.2(chr17:25274363-28450707)x3 ()
🧬 ERAL1: GRCh37/hg19 17p11.2-q21.2(chr17:21690653-38772647)x3 ()
🧬 ERAL1: GRCh37/hg19 17q11.1-11.2(chr17:25403446-31685464)x3 ()
Ver todas no ClinVar

Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)

Distribuição de 1,214 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.

61
121
1032
Patogênica (5.0%)
VUS (10.0%)
Benigna (85.0%)
VARIANTES MAIS SIGNIFICATIVAS
HSD17B4: NM_000414.4(HSD17B4):c.1333+1G>T [Likely pathogenic]
HSD17B4: NM_000414.4(HSD17B4):c.1989G>T (p.Lys663Asn) [Uncertain significance]
HSD17B4: NM_000414.4(HSD17B4):c.243G>C (p.Lys81Asn) [Uncertain significance]
HSD17B4: NM_000414.4(HSD17B4):c.1681-16C>G [Likely benign]
HSD17B4: NM_000414.4(HSD17B4):c.1574-10C>G [Likely benign]

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

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Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

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Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome Perrault

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Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes

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Publicações mais relevantes

Timeline de publicações
98 papers (10 anos)
#1

The human induced pluripotent stem cell line CTGUi-002A was generated from a Perrault syndrome patient.

Stem cell research2026 Apr

We generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line, designated CTGUi002-A, from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a 9-year-old female with Perrault syndrome carrying biallelic TWNK mutations (c.811G>A and c.1163C>T), using Sendai virus-mediated delivery of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC. The CTGUi002-A iPSC line retained the TWNK mutations and exhibited characteristic iPSC morphology, expressed pluripotency markers, maintained a normal karyotype, and demonstrated trilineage differentiation potential.

#2

Novel LARS2 variants in patients with Perrault syndrome: expanding the genetic spectrum and phenotypic heterogeneity.

Frontiers in genetics2026

Perrault syndrome (PS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and primary ovarian insufficiency in females. LARS2, encoding mitochondrial leucyl-tRNA synthetase, is the most common causative gene for PS. However, the genetic spectrum and clinical variability of PS remain underexplored. Expanding the catalog of LARS2 variants and correlating them with phenotypic data are critical for delineating genotype-phenotype relationships. Two unrelated Chinese probands with hearing loss were enrolled, and comprehensive clinical evaluations were performed. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was used to identify genetic variants, followed by Sanger sequencing for family co-segregation verification. Minigene assays and RT-PCR were conducted to assess the splicing effect of the novel canonical splice-site variant LARS2 c.235-2A>G. For the novel missense variant LARS2 c.1661T>C, 3-D structural modeling and evolutionary conservation analysis were performed to evaluate its pathogenicity. Moreover, we comprehensively summarized all LARS2 variants associated with PS via an extensive literature review. Proband 1 (12-year-old female) harbors compound heterozygous variants LARS2 c.235-2A>G (novel) and LARS2 c.880G>A, presenting with profound SNHL, primary ovarian insufficiency, and developmental delay. Proband 2 (7-year-old male) carries compound heterozygous variants LARS2 c.1661T>C (novel) and LARS2 c.1886C>T, manifesting severe SNHL with an unusual upsloping audiogram pattern and comprehension difficulties. Functional assays confirmed that LARS2 c.235-2A>G disrupts canonical splicing, leading to exon 4 skipping and in-frame deletions. 3-D structural modeling and conservation analysis revealed that LARS2 c.1661T>C likely impairs protein stability by altering residue interactions, with Val554 being highly conserved across species. According to the ACMG/AMP guideline, both novel LARS2 variants were classified as likely pathogenic. We identified two novel LARS2 variants associated with PS in Chinese patients, thereby expanding the LARS2 genetic spectrum and providing precise molecular evidence for clinical management and genetic counseling. This study enhances understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations in PS, thereby revealing the phenotypic heterogeneity of LARS2 variants.

#3

Expanding the genotypic spectrum of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54.

Neurogenetics2026 Mar 03

Biallelic hypomorphic variants in PRORP cause the rare autosomal recessive disorder combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 54 (COXPD54). COXPD54 encompasses a clinical spectrum of sensorineural hearing loss and ovarian insufficiency (Perrault syndrome) to leukodystrophy with developmental delay and epilepsy. Here, we report two new affected individuals with biallelic PRORP variants with clinical features consistent with COXPD54. One individual was homozygous for c.1505G > A p.Arg502Gln, whereas the other was compound heterozygous for c.1510C > T, p.His504Tyr and c.893C > A, p.Ser298Ter (NM_014672.4). In vitro tRNA processing assays revealed decreased mitochondrial 5′ tRNA leader cleavage by human RNase P complex with the two novel missense PRORP metallonuclease domain variants. These data provide further evidence that biallelic PRORP variants disrupt 5’ tRNA leader cleavage and are associated with a pleiotropic phenotype of COXPD54. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10048-026-00892-5.

#4

Patient-derived TWNK variants recapitulate multisystem Perrault syndrome pathology in a mouse model.

Mitochondrion2026 May

Perrault syndrome (PS) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, ovarian dysgenesis in females, and variable neurological impairment. Pathogenic variants in TWNK, encoding the mitochondrial helicase Twinkle, disrupt mtDNA maintenance and underlie a subset of PS cases. Here, we generated the first mouse models carrying patient-specific TWNK missense mutations c.814G > A (p.Ala272Thr) and c.1166C > T (p.Ala389Val), both in homozygosity and compound heterozygosity, using CRISPR/Cas9 editing. Mutant mice exhibit profound hearing loss, locomotor hypoactivity, and axonal peripheral neuropathy, while overall growth remains normal. Molecular assays reveal a significant reduction in mtDNA copy number and ATP content in muscle and brain, accompanied by impaired respiratory-chain function. These phenotypes faithfully recapitulate core features of human PS, establishing a genetically precise in vivo platform to dissect disease mechanisms and to evaluate targeted therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction and sensorineural hearing loss.

#5

A novel CLPP variant in a Pakistani family with Perrault syndrome associated with recurrent fevers.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry2026 Mar 01

Perrault syndrome (PRLTS) is an autosomal recessive disease with sensorineural hearing loss and ovarian dysfunction in girls, and either a fluctuating neurological phenotype or not. PRLTS type 2 is known to be caused by pathogenic variants of the CLPP gene that encodes mitochondrial ATP-dependent protease. This paper involved clinical and genetic studies on a Pakistani family with PRLTS. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel homozygous CLPP missense mutation (NM_006012.4: c.250 A > C; p.Ile84Leu). Its pathogenicity was assessed with the help of multiple sequence alignment, AlphaFold protein modeling, and docking with CLPX with the help of ClusPro. Auditory brainstem responses and tympanometry were in clinical assessment. The individuals were found to have a uniform phenotype of severe sensorineural hearing loss, mild intellectual disability, ataxia and frequent fever. There was one patient in whom the unilateral Eustachian tube dysfunction was hinted at by Tympanometry. At the molecular level, the identified CLPP variant involved a highly conserved residue. Structural modeling showed preserved protein architecture, whereas docking simulations revealed disrupted CLPP-CLPX interaction, suggesting a basis for impaired proteostasis. We report a novel CLPP missense variant (p.I84L) in a Pakistani family with PRLTS, expanding the mutational spectrum of CLPP. To the best of our knowledge, recurrent fever was reported in PRLTS for the first time, which expanded the PRLTS phenotype spectrum.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC84 artigos no totalmostrando 96

2026

Perrault Syndrome Unmasked: Genomic Reclassification of a Fabry-Like CKDx Phenotype.

Kidney international
2026

Novel LARS2 variants in patients with Perrault syndrome: expanding the genetic spectrum and phenotypic heterogeneity.

Frontiers in genetics
2026

Expanding the genotypic spectrum of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54.

Neurogenetics
2026

Patient-derived TWNK variants recapitulate multisystem Perrault syndrome pathology in a mouse model.

Mitochondrion
2026

The human induced pluripotent stem cell line CTGUi-002A was generated from a Perrault syndrome patient.

Stem cell research
2026

A novel CLPP variant in a Pakistani family with Perrault syndrome associated with recurrent fevers.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
2025

Recessive variants in TWNK cause syndromic and non-syndromic post-synaptic auditory neuropathy through MtDNA replication defects.

Human genetics
2025

TWNK gene pathogenic variant and Perrault syndrome.

Gene
2025

CLPP Gene Variants Causing Perrault Syndrome Type 3 in Han Chinese Families: A Genotype-Phenotype Study.

Human genomics
2025

LARS2-Related Perrault Syndrome in Siblings With 46,XY Differences of Sex Development.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2025

Bi-allelic variants in MRPL49 cause variable clinical presentations, including sensorineural hearing loss, leukodystrophy, and ovarian insufficiency.

American journal of human genetics
2025

A Case Report of Auditory Neuropathy Due to TWNK Gene Mutations.

The journal of international advanced otology
2025

Endocrine Dysfunction in Primary Mitochondrial Diseases.

Endocrine reviews
2026

Genetic etiology of Perrault syndrome in Iranian families: first report from Iran and literature review.

Journal of applied genetics
2025

Novel compound heterozygous mutations in the LARS2 gene in a Chinese family with hearing loss.

Neurogenetics
2025

Bi-allelic variants in DAP3 result in reduced assembly of the mitoribosomal small subunit with altered apoptosis and a Perrault-syndrome-spectrum phenotype.

American journal of human genetics
2024

Perrault syndrome: a forgotten presentation for infertile women.

Clinical case reports
2024

RMND1 and PLN variants are the underlying cause of Perrault-like syndrome and cardiac anomalies in a patient.

Clinical case reports
2024

The Perrault Syndrome Mystery: A Case Report on Its Diagnosis in a 26-Year-Old Female.

Cureus
2024

Biallelic variants in MRPL49 cause variable clinical presentations, including sensorineural hearing loss, leukodystrophy, and ovarian insufficiency.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
2024

Biallelic variants in DAP3 result in reduced assembly of the mitoribosomal small subunit with altered intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis and a Perrault syndrome-spectrum phenotype.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
2024

Detailed characterization of auditory neuropathy in perrault syndrome with TWNK variants.

Auris, nasus, larynx
2024

Novel Cases of Non-Syndromic Hearing Impairment Caused by Pathogenic Variants in Genes Encoding Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases.

Genes
2024

Exome sequencing reveals pathogenic mutations in the LARS2 and HSD17B4 genes associated with Perrault syndrome and D-bifunctional protein deficiency in Moroccan families.

Molecular biology reports
2024

Knockout Mouse Studies Show That Mitochondrial CLPP Peptidase and CLPX Unfoldase Act in Matrix Condensates near IMM, as Fast Stress Response in Protein Assemblies for Transcript Processing, Translation, and Heme Production.

Genes
2024

A homozygous mutation of TWNK identified in premature ovarian insufficiency warns of late-onset perrault syndrome.

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
2024

A Homozygous Missense Variant in HSD17B4 Identified in Two Different Families.

Molecular syndromology
2024

Perrault syndrome: The Way Forward After Genetic Counselling?

BMJ case reports
2024

Homozygous novel truncating variant of CLPP associated with severe Perrault syndrome.

Clinical genetics
2024

CLPP-Null Eukaryotes with Excess Heme Biosynthesis Show Reduced L-arginine Levels, Probably via CLPX-Mediated OAT Activation.

Biomolecules
2024

Generation of the human induced pluripotent stem cell line PUMCi005-A from a patient with Perrault syndrome.

Stem cell research
2024

Delayed Diagnosis of Perrault Syndrome: A Rare Genetic Disorder.

Case reports in medicine
2023

[Analysis of perrault syndrome caused by pathogenic variants in LARS2 and HARS2 genes].

Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery
2023

Translation Fidelity and Respiration Deficits in CLPP-Deficient Tissues: Mechanistic Insights from Mitochondrial Complexome Profiling.

International journal of molecular sciences
2023

Axonal polyneuropathy and ataxia in children: consider Perrault Syndrome, a case report.

BMC medical genomics
2023

GTPase Era at the heart of ribosome assembly.

Frontiers in molecular biosciences
2023

The ever wider clinical spectrum of RMND1-related disorders and limitedness of phenotype-based classifications.

Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)
2023

Novel homozygous variants in PRORP expand the genotypic spectrum of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2023

Deficiency of the mitochondrial ribosomal subunit, MRPL50, causes autosomal recessive syndromic premature ovarian insufficiency.

Human genetics
2023

An encounter with the mild side of LARS2-associated Perrault syndrome and its implications on the diagnostic odyssey.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2022

CLPP Depletion Causes Diplotene Arrest; Underlying Testis Mitochondrial Dysfunction Occurs with Accumulation of Perrault Proteins ERAL1, PEO1, and HARS2.

Cells
2023

LARS2 variants can present as premature ovarian insufficiency in the absence of overt hearing loss.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2022

Integral Role of the Mitochondrial Ribosome in Supporting Ovarian Function: MRPS7 Variants in Syndromic Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Genes
2022

The Bacterial ClpXP-ClpB Family Is Enriched with RNA-Binding Protein Complexes.

Cells
2022

Primary ovarian insufficiency in RMND1 mitochondrial disease.

Mitochondrion
2022

A Novel Missense Mutation in TWNK Gene Causing Perrault Syndrome Type 5 in a Chinese Family and Review of the Literature.

Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
2021

Disruption of Hars2 in Cochlear Hair Cells Causes Progressive Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Hearing Loss in Mice.

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
2021

Inactivity of Peptidase ClpP Causes Primary Accumulation of Mitochondrial Disaggregase ClpX with Its Interacting Nucleoid Proteins, and of mtDNA.

Cells
2021

A Rare Case of Perrault Syndrome with Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder: Cochlear Implantation Treatment and Literature Review.

Audiology research
2021

Bi-allelic variants in the mitochondrial RNase P subunit PRORP cause mitochondrial tRNA processing defects and pleiotropic multisystem presentations.

American journal of human genetics
2021

Movement Disorders Associated with Hypogonadism.

Movement disorders clinical practice
2021

Expanding the Clinical and Molecular Spectrum of HARS2-Perrault Syndrome: Identification of a Novel Homozygous Missense Variant in the HARS2 gene.

Genetic testing and molecular biomarkers
2021

Increased presence of nuclear DNAJA3 and upregulation of cytosolic STAT1 and of nucleic acid sensors trigger innate immunity in the ClpP-null mouse.

Neurogenetics
2022

New insights into Perrault syndrome, a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder.

Human genetics
2021

Loss of Mitochondrial Protease CLPP Activates Type I IFN Responses through the Mitochondrial DNA-cGAS-STING Signaling Axis.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
2020

Two novel likely pathogenic variants of HARS2 identified in a Chinese family with sensorineural hearing loss.

Hereditas
2020

Two Novel Pathogenic Variants Confirm RMND1 Causative Role in Perrault Syndrome with Renal Involvement.

Genes
2020

Perrault syndrome: Clinical report and retrospective analysis.

Molecular genetics &amp; genomic medicine
2020

[Analysis of TWNK variant in a family affected with Perrault syndrome].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2020

The expanding LARS2 phenotypic spectrum: HLASA, Perrault syndrome with leukodystrophy, and mitochondrial myopathy.

Human mutation
2020

LARS2-Perrault syndrome: a new case report and literature review.

BMC medical genetics
2020

Genomic sequencing highlights the diverse molecular causes of Perrault syndrome: a peroxisomal disorder (PEX6), metabolic disorders (CLPP, GGPS1), and mtDNA maintenance/translation disorders (LARS2, TFAM).

Human genetics
2020

Loss of mitochondrial ClpP, Lonp1, and Tfam triggers transcriptional induction of Rnf213, a susceptibility factor for moyamoya disease.

Neurogenetics
2020

A novel mutation of Twinkle in Perrault syndrome: A not rare diagnosis?

Annals of human genetics
2020

Middle-age-onset cerebellar ataxia caused by a homozygous TWNK variant: a case report.

BMC medical genetics
2019

Broadening the phenotype of the TWNK gene associated Perrault syndrome.

BMC medical genetics
2020

A recurrent missense variant in HARS2 results in variable sensorineural hearing loss in three unrelated families.

Journal of human genetics
2019

Global Proteome of LonP1+/- Mouse Embryonal Fibroblasts Reveals Impact on Respiratory Chain, but No Interdependence between Eral1 and Mitoribosomes.

International journal of molecular sciences
2019

Perrault syndrome with neurological features in a compound heterozygote for two TWNK mutations: overlap of TWNK-related recessive disorders.

Journal of translational medicine
2020

Novel HARS2 missense variants identified in individuals with sensorineural hearing impairment and Perrault syndrome.

European journal of medical genetics
2019

Comprehensive analysis of syndromic hearing loss patients in Japan.

Scientific reports
2019

Perrault Syndrome Diagnosis in a Patient Presenting to Her Primary Care Provider with Secondary Amenorrhea.

Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology
2019

Perrault syndrome with amenorrhea, infertility, Tarlov cyst, and degenerative disc.

Gynecological endocrinology : the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology
2019

[Clinical and genetic analysis of a patient with Perrault syndrome and additional neurological features].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2018

Perrault syndrome type 3 caused by diverse molecular defects in CLPP.

Scientific reports
2018

Mitochondrial adaptation in obesity is a ClpPicated business.

EMBO reports
2018

The Role of ClpP Protease in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Human Diseases.

ACS chemical biology
2018

Biallelic mutations in LARS2 can cause Perrault syndrome type 2 with neurologic symptoms.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2017

Marfanoid habitus is a nonspecific feature of Perrault syndrome.

Clinical dysmorphology
2017

A homozygous missense variant in HSD17B4 identified in a consanguineous Chinese Han family with type II Perrault syndrome.

BMC medical genetics
2017

A homozygous missense mutation in ERAL1, encoding a mitochondrial rRNA chaperone, causes Perrault syndrome.

Human molecular genetics
2017

Laser-capture micro dissection combined with next-generation sequencing analysis of cell type-specific deafness gene expression in the mouse cochlea.

Hearing research
2017

Novel neuro-audiological findings and further evidence for TWNK involvement in Perrault syndrome.

Journal of translational medicine
2016

Specific MRI Abnormalities Reveal Severe Perrault Syndrome due to CLPP Defects.

Frontiers in neurology
2016

An Application of NGS for Molecular Investigations in Perrault Syndrome: Study of 14 Families and Review of the Literature.

Human mutation
2017

Mutations of SGO2 and CLDN14 collectively cause coincidental Perrault syndrome.

Clinical genetics
2017

Unresolved questions regarding human hereditary deafness.

Oral diseases
2016

A Novel Missense Mutation in the CLPP Gene Causing Perrault Syndrome Type 3 in a Turkish Family.

Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology
2017

Expanding the genotypic spectrum of Perrault syndrome.

Clinical genetics
2016

First independent replication of the involvement of LARS2 in Perrault syndrome by whole-exome sequencing of an Italian family.

Journal of human genetics
2016

Barrel-shaped ClpP Proteases Display Attenuated Cleavage Specificities.

ACS chemical biology
2016

LARS2 Variants Associated with Hydrops, Lactic Acidosis, Sideroblastic Anemia, and Multisystem Failure.

JIMD reports
2015

Exome analysis identified a novel missense mutation in the CLPP gene in a consanguineous Saudi family expanding the clinical spectrum of Perrault Syndrome type-3.

Journal of the neurological sciences
2015

Perrault syndrome - a rare case report.

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR
2015

Spectrum of combined respiratory chain defects.

Journal of inherited metabolic disease
2015

Perrault syndrome with growth hormone deficiency: a rare autosomal recessive disorder.

Journal of pediatric endocrinology &amp; metabolism : JPEM

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Doenças relacionadas

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Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. The human induced pluripotent stem cell line CTGUi-002A was generated from a Perrault syndrome patient.
    Stem cell research· 2026· PMID 41722370mais citado
  2. Novel LARS2 variants in patients with Perrault syndrome: expanding the genetic spectrum and phenotypic heterogeneity.
    Frontiers in genetics· 2026· PMID 41783587mais citado
  3. Expanding the genotypic spectrum of combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 54.
    Neurogenetics· 2026· PMID 41772230mais citado
  4. Patient-derived TWNK variants recapitulate multisystem Perrault syndrome pathology in a mouse model.
    Mitochondrion· 2026· PMID 41765062mais citado
  5. A novel CLPP variant in a Pakistani family with Perrault syndrome associated with recurrent fevers.
    Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry· 2026· PMID 41525964mais citado
  6. Perrault Syndrome Presenting With Progressive Ataxia and the Hot Cross Bun Sign.
    Mov Disord Clin Pract· 2026· PMID 41987575recente
  7. Perrault syndrome unmasked: genomic reclassification of a Fabry-like CKDx phenotype.
    Kidney Int· 2026· PMID 41862133recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:2855(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0017312(MONDO)
  3. GARD:2542(GARD (NIH))
  4. Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
  5. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  6. Q18553517(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Síndrome Perrault
Compêndio · Raras BR

Síndrome Perrault

ORPHA:2855 · MONDO:0017312
Prevalência
<1 / 1 000 000
Casos
124 casos conhecidos
Herança
Autosomal recessive
CID-10
Q87.8 · Outras síndromes com malformações congênitas especificadas, não classificadas em outra parte
CID-11
Início
Adolescent, Adult, Childhood
Prevalência
0.0 (Worldwide)
MedGen
UMLS
C0685838
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Papers 10a
DiscussaoAtiva

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