Raras
Buscar doenças, sintomas, genes...
Síndrome de ativação macrofágica
ORPHA:158061CID-10 · D76.1CID-11 · 4A01.2YDOENÇA RARA

É uma complicação de doenças reumáticas causada pela ativação excessiva e multiplicação descontrolada de linfócitos T e macrófagos maduros, que são tipos de células de defesa do corpo. É caracterizada por febre, diminuição de todos os tipos de células sanguíneas (pancitopenia), mau funcionamento grave do fígado (insuficiência hepática), problemas na coagulação do sangue e sintomas que afetam o sistema nervoso.

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Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

É uma complicação de doenças reumáticas causada pela ativação excessiva e multiplicação descontrolada de linfócitos T e macrófagos maduros, que são tipos de células de defesa do corpo. É caracterizada por febre, diminuição de todos os tipos de células sanguíneas (pancitopenia), mau funcionamento grave do fígado (insuficiência hepática), problemas na coagulação do sangue e sintomas que afetam o sistema nervoso.

Pesquisas ativas
5 ensaios
22 total registrados no ClinicalTrials.gov
Publicações científicas
1.991 artigos
Último publicado: 2026 Apr 14

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
Unknown
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Worldwide
Início
Adolescent
+ adult, childhood
🏥
SUS: Sem cobertura SUSScore: 0%
CID-10: D76.1
Você se identifica com essa condição?
O Raras está aqui pra te apoiar — com ou sem diagnóstico

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Entender a doença

Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo

Preparando trilha educativa...

Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

🫃
Digestivo
4 sintomas
🩸
Sangue
4 sintomas
🧠
Neurológico
1 sintomas
🛡️
Imunológico
1 sintomas

+ 19 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

90%prev.
Função hepática diminuída
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Aumento da resposta inflamatória
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Concentração elevada de alanina aminotransferase circulante
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Concentração anormal de interleucina circulante
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Aumento da concentração circulante de lactato desidrogenase
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Taxa de sedimentação de eritrócitos elevada
Muito frequente (99-80%)
29sintomas
Muito frequente (17)
Frequente (8)
Ocasional (4)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 29 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

Função hepática diminuídaDecreased liver function
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Aumento da resposta inflamatóriaIncreased inflammatory response
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Concentração elevada de alanina aminotransferase circulanteElevated circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Concentração anormal de interleucina circulanteAbnormal circulating interleukin concentration
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Aumento da concentração circulante de lactato desidrogenaseIncreased circulating lactate dehydrogenase concentration
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Total histórico1.991PubMed
Últimos 10 anos200publicações
Pico2025140 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026🧪 2000Primeiro ensaio clínico📈 2025Ano de pico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

🧬

Nenhum gene associado encontrado

Os dados genéticos desta condição ainda estão sendo catalogados.

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

Carregando...

Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

Pipeline de tratamentos
Pipeline regulatório — de medicamentos já aprovados a drogas em pesquisa exploratória.
3Fase 32
2Fase 26
1Fase 11
·Pré-clínico8
Medicamentos catalogadosEnsaios clínicos· 0 medicamentos · 17 ensaios
Carregando informações de tratamento...

Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome de ativação macrofágica

🗺️

Selecione um estado ou use sua localização para ver resultados.

Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.

Pesquisa ativa

Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes

🟢 Recrutando agora

1 pesquisa recrutando participantes. Converse com seu médico sobre a possibilidade de participar.

Outros ensaios clínicos

22 ensaios clínicos encontrados, 5 ativos.

Distribuição por fase
Ver todos no ClinicalTrials.gov
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Publicações mais relevantes

Timeline de publicações
1.590 papers (10 anos)

Mostrando amostra de 200 publicações de um total de 1.590

#1

[Clinical Manifestations of Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Acute Pancreatitis and Evaluation of the Efficacy of Plasma Exchange Combined With Glucocorticoids].

Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition2026 Jan 20

To summarize and analyze the clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis associated with childhood systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of plasma exchange combined with glucocorticoids. This retrospective study analyzed clinical data from cSLE patients diagnosed and treated at West China Second University Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Patients were divided into a pancreatitis group (diagnosed with cSLE-associated acute pancreatitis) and a non-pancreatitis group (without this diagnosis), and differences between groups were compared. Among 170 cSLE patients enrolled, 9 were in the pancreatitis group and 161 were in the non-pancreatitis group. The median SLEDAI score was 24.0 (P25-P75: 20.5-29.0) in the pancreatitis group and 18.0 (P25-P75: 14.0-20.0) in the non-pancreatitis group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The incidence rates of abdominal pain, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, acute pericarditis, and macrophage activation syndrome were higher in the pancreatitis group than in the non-pancreatitis group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Differences in C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, serum albumin, serum amylase, serum lipase, and lipid levels between the two groups were also statistically significant (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that each 1-point increase in SLEDAI score was associated with a 37.5% higher risk of developing pancreatitis (OR 1.375, 95% CI 1.121-1.686, P =0.002). All children in the pancreatitis group received high-dose glucocorticoids combined with multiple plasma exchanges, followed by immunosuppressive therapy. Nine patients achieved remission from acute pancreatitis within two weeks of treatment. Two patients died within 30 days, but the cause of death was unrelated to acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis is a rare but severe complication of cSLE, with higher SLEDAI scores correlating with increased risk of pancreatitis. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment with glucocorticoids combined with plasma exchange may be associated with improved short-term outcomes. 总结分析儿童系统性红斑狼疮(childhood systemic lupus erythematosus, cSLE)相关急性胰腺炎的临床表现特征,并评估血浆置换联合糖皮质激素对其的治疗效果。 回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年12月在华西第二医院诊断并治疗的cSLE患者的临床资料,根据其是否诊断为cSLE相关急性胰腺炎分为胰腺炎组和非胰腺炎组,并比较两组间的差异。 在收治的170例cSLE患者中,胰腺炎组9例,非胰腺炎组161例。胰腺炎组SLEDAI 评分中位数为24.00(P25~P75: 20.50~29.00),非胰腺炎组为 18.00(P25~P75: 14.00~20.00),两组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。胰腺炎组腹痛、呕吐、腹胀、腹泻、急性心包炎和巨噬细胞活化综合征的发生比例高于非胰腺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组间C反应蛋白、血红蛋白、尿素氮、血清白蛋白、血淀粉酶、血脂肪酶、血脂水平的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析表明SLEDAI评分每增加1分,患胰腺炎的风险增加37.5%(OR 1.375, 95%CI 1.121~1.686, P=0.002)。胰腺炎组患儿均接受大剂量糖皮质激素联合多次血浆置换治疗,后续使用免疫抑制剂。9例患者在治疗两周后实现急性胰腺炎的缓解,有2例患者在30 d内死亡,但死亡原因与急性胰腺炎无关。 急性胰腺炎是cSLE罕见但严重的并发症,SLEDAI评分越高,患胰腺炎的风险越大。早期诊断及积极应用糖皮质激素联合血浆置换治疗可能与更好的短期预后相关。

#2

Refractory macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset Still's disease: response to interferon-γ blockade and JAK inhibition.

BMJ case reports2026 Feb 18

A female patient in her mid-20s presented with fevers, rash and polyarthralgia and was ultimately diagnosed with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), a widely recognised form of secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the setting of autoinflammatory disease such as adult-onset Still's disease. Extensive infectious and malignancy workup was negative. Her clinical course was complicated by persistently active disease despite initial immunomodulator therapies, including corticosteroids and anti-interleukin-1 therapy (anakinra). Further escalation of therapy with tocilizumab and etoposide yielded insufficient, partial improvement. Given the refractory nature of her condition, we initiated treatment with emapalumab, an anti-interferon-γ antibody, which led to significant symptom control. We subsequently added Janus kinase inhibitor (JAK), ruxolitinib, and continued anakinra until complete resolution of symptoms and normalisation of laboratory values. The patient was then discharged on a stable dose of ruxolitinib, anakinra and prednisone. This case illustrates the therapeutic challenges in managing refractory MAS and highlights the emerging role of targeted therapies such as emapalumab and JAK inhibitors in treatment-refractory cases.

#3

Precision Immunotherapy to Improve Sepsis Outcomes: The ImmunoSep Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA2026 Mar 03

Sepsis is heterogeneous, and the optimal strategy for tailoring immunotherapy is uncertain. To investigate whether precision immunotherapy guided by the presence of macrophage activation-like syndrome or sepsis-induced immunoparalysis improves organ dysfunction by day 9. A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled clinical trial conducted in 6 countries. Patients with sepsis, defined by Sepsis-3, were included if they had community-acquired or hospital-acquired pneumonia or ventilator-associated pneumonia or bacteremia and sepsis and had displayed either macrophage activation-like syndrome (blood ferritin >4420 ng/mL) or sepsis-induced immunoparalysis (blood ferritin ≤4420 ng/mL and <5000 human leukocyte antigen DR receptors on CD45/CD14 monocytes). The first patient was enrolled August 5, 2021, and the last follow-up, April 29, 2024. Eligible patients were randomized to receive standard care and precision immunotherapy or standard care and placebo. Those in the precision immunotherapy group with macrophage activation-like syndrome received anakinra intravenously (IV) and placebo subcutaneously, and those with sepsis-induced immunoparalysis received subcutaneous recombinant human interferon gamma and IV placebo. Those in the placebo group received both IV and subcutaneous placebo. Treatment was administered for up to 15 days. The primary end point was a decrease of at least 1.4 points in the mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score from baseline by day 9. The SOFA score evaluates 6 organ systems, ranging from 0, no dysfunction, to 4, failure, and the total score ranges from 0, normal, to 24, most severe form of multiorgan failure. Key secondary outcomes included 28-day mortality. Of 672 patients assessed for eligibility, 281 were randomized and 276 were included in the primary analysis population (mean [SD] age, 70 [13] years; 93 females [33.7%]; median baseline SOFA score, 9 [IQR, 7-11]). The SOFA decrease end point was attained by 46 of 131 patients (35.1%) in the precision immunotherapy group and by 26 of 145 patients (17.9%) in the placebo group (difference, 17.2% [95% CI, 6.8% to 27.2%]; P = .002). Mortality at 28 days was not statistically significantly different between groups. A total of 1069 serious treatment-emergent adverse events (88.8%) were reported; increased incidence of anemia was noted in the anakinra group; and hemorrhage in the recombinant human interferon gamma group. Among patients with sepsis, precision immunotherapy targeting macrophage activation-like syndrome and sepsis-induced immunoparalysis improved organ dysfunction by day 9 compared with placebo. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04990232.

#4

Retrospective study: clinical analysis of Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome.

Italian journal of pediatrics2026 Mar 21
#5

Is a variant of uncertain significance always 'insignificant'? A systematic review on PRF1 A91V in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis and comparative analysis with Still's disease.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases2026 Mar 07

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC1.005 artigos no totalmostrando 200

2026

A Retrospective Analysis of Dengue-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Dengue-endemic Country.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal
2026

Retrospective study: clinical analysis of Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome.

Italian journal of pediatrics
2026

IL12-engineered human PSMA-CAR T cells for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
2026

[Clinical Manifestations of Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Acute Pancreatitis and Evaluation of the Efficacy of Plasma Exchange Combined With Glucocorticoids].

Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition
2026

Clinical characteristics and diagnostic indicators of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus complicated with macrophage activation syndrome.

Clinical rheumatology
2026

Predictive value for intravenous immunoglobulin resistance of Kobayashi and Kawanet scores in 722 children with Kawasaki disease across diverse ethnic backgrounds (KIWI study): an international cohort study.

EClinicalMedicine
2026

2016 sJIA-MAS criteria and a step-up therapeutic approach in KD-MAS: insights from a combined cohort and literature review.

RMD open
2026

Is a variant of uncertain significance always 'insignificant'? A systematic review on PRF1 A91V in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis and comparative analysis with Still's disease.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2026

Adjunctive Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Refractory Adult-Onset Still's Disease Complicated by Secondary Macrophage Activation Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience.

Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
2026

Frequency, Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children: A Multicentre Retrospective Study of the Turkish Pediatric BMT Study Group.

Turkish journal of haematology : official journal of Turkish Society of Haematology
2026

A case of VEXAS syndrome presenting as macrophage activation syndrome: from chronic inflammation to multi-organ failure.

Internal and emergency medicine
2026

Origin, diagnosis and treatment of periocular Histiocytic disorders- state-of-the-art review.

Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie
2026

Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research over the Past Decade in Japan.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
2026

Transition of serum-free IL-18 levels in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis measured by a novel detection method.

Cytokine
2026

Serum calprotectin elevation and interferon-α-induced neutrophil priming in macrophage activation syndrome associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical and experimental insights.

Modern rheumatology
2025

Drug-induced liver injury secondary to anakinra in a patient with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-Case report and literature overview.

Canadian liver journal
2026

Diagnostic Complexity in Systemic Inflammation: Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

Cureus
2026

Refractory macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset Still's disease: response to interferon-γ blockade and JAK inhibition.

BMJ case reports
2026

A Case of Refractory Adult-Onset Still Disease With Macrophage Activation Syndrome and Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis.

The Journal of rheumatology
2026

Identifying novel biomarkers for systemic lupus erythematosus associated with macrophage activation syndrome.

Biomedicine &amp; pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine &amp; pharmacotherapie
2026

[Macrophage activation syndrome in a young patient with polymyositis].

Ugeskrift for laeger
2026

Adult-Onset Still's Disease(AOSD) With Features Suggestive of Macrophages Activation Syndrome in Young Female: A Rare Case Report From Nepal.

Clinical case reports
2026

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Infections in Children: An Update.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal
2026

Type I Interferon Signature is Associated With Lung Disease, Drug-Associated Immune Reactions, and Genetic Variation in Interferon-Linked Pathways in Still Disease.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2026

[Musculoskeletal Complications in Rheumatic Diseases].

Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
2026

Clinical features and comorbidities of Epstein-Barr virus infection in childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus with a focus on macrophage activation syndrome: a cross-sectional study of 200 patients.

Frontiers in immunology
2026

Unmasking Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis After Minimal Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) Blockade: An Interplay of Contributing Elements.

Cureus
2026

Clinically validated assay for rapid determination of type I and type II interferon activity in systemic inflammatory diseases.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2026

Still's Disease and Autoinflammation: Positioning an Inflammatory Syndrome on the Autoinflammation-Autoimmunity Spectrum.

Current rheumatology reports
2026

An Unprecedented Triad: Simultaneous Acute Pancreatitis, Axonal Polyneuropathy, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in a Catastrophic Juvenile Lupus Flare.

Clinical case reports
2026

Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Associated Proteins and Enhanced Interferon-γ Responsiveness in the Plasma Proteome of Patients With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children in a Pretreatment Replication Single-Center Cohort.

ACR open rheumatology
2026

Macrophage Activation Syndrome Associated with Adult-onset Still's Disease Successfully Treated with Plasma Exchange and Canakinumab: A Case Report.

Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
2026

Safety and Effectiveness of Canakinumab in Patients with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in Japan: A Post-Marketing Surveillance Study.

Rheumatology and therapy
2025

Advancing Precision Medicine in Adult-Onset Still's Disease: Insights into Biomarkers, Therapies, and COVID-19 Impacts.

Mediterranean journal of rheumatology
2025

[Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

La Revue du praticien
2026

An Unusual Case of Juvenile Dermatomyositis Complicated by Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

International journal of dermatology
2026

Spiroplasma infection complicated by macrophage activation syndrome and fulminant hepatitis in a kidney transplant recipient.

American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons
2026

Association of NXP2 autoantibodies with a more severe clinical phenotype of juvenile dermatomyositis.

Clinical and experimental rheumatology
2025

Adult-Onset Still's Disease Presenting with Atypical Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease-Like Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis: A Diagnostic Pitfall.

European journal of case reports in internal medicine
2026

Utility of systemic score as a prognosis marker and biologic treatment indication in adults with Still's disease.

Medicina clinica
2026

[Interferon scores in the management of rheumatic systemic diseases].

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie
2026

Macrophage Activation Syndrome Following Vaccination After HSCT.

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society
2025

[Unusual presentation of Crohn disease associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome: a case report].

Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru : organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del Peru
2026

Unusual Cardiac Complication in Still's Disease: MAS-Induced Cardiogenic Shock.

JACC. Case reports
2026

Lupus mastitis heralding macrophage activation syndrome: Case report and systematic review of the literature.

Lupus
2026

Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children with tailored therapy and six-month outcome.

Pediatric research
2026

A Review of Adenosine Deaminase 2 (ADA2) as a Biomarker of Monocyte/Macrophage Activation.

Current allergy and asthma reports
2025

Rescue Therapy With Continuous Intravenous Anakinra Infusion and Plasma Exchange in Refractory Cytokine Storm of Systemic JIA: A Case Report.

Case reports in pediatrics
2025

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) or Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)? A Lethal Case of Malignancy-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Patient With Concurrent Autoimmune Disease.

Cureus
2025

Clinical Practice Variation Among Pediatric Rheumatologists Treating Kawasaki Disease: Results of a North American Survey.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

Not Just Sjögren's: A Rare Life-Threatening Manifestation in a Pediatric Patient.

Cureus
2025

TLR9 decreases FOXO3 expression to prevent excessive inflammation in macrophage activation syndrome.

iScience
2026

Macrophage activation syndrome and rapidly progressive lung disease as life-threatening manifestations of anti-MDA5 antibody disease. A case report.

Reumatismo
2025

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia in Tunisia following AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination: a case report.

The Pan African medical journal
2025

Risk factors for macrophage activation syndrome in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2026

Lysophosphatidic acid regulates macrophage polarization via LPAR1 by suppressing inflammatory responses and promoting M2-like characteristics.

Clinical and experimental immunology
2025

Adult-Onset Still's Disease Complicated by Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report.

Clinical case reports
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome in a child with varicella: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports
2025

Interleukin-18 Levels Are Associated With Disease Course in Patients With Still Disease Treated With Interleukin-1 Inhibitors.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2026

Hepatic Manifestations in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

The Journal of rheumatology
2025

Baseline Clinical Features and Biomarker Profiles of the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Lung Disease Cohort.

Arthritis care &amp; research
2025

Mevalonate kinase deficiency diagnosed in late adolescence presenting with macrophage activation syndrome.

Clinical and experimental rheumatology
2025

Distinct Natural Killer Cell Signature in Still Disease: Insights From a Multinational Immunome Project Consortium for Autoinflammatory Disorders.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2026

Precision Immunotherapy to Improve Sepsis Outcomes: The ImmunoSep Randomized Clinical Trial.

JAMA
2025

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: do we have a solution for TMI (too much inflammation)?

Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program
2025

Hyperinflammatory status associated with COVID-19: clinical features of a pediatric series.

Advances in rheumatology (London, England)
2025

Full recovery with left ventricular unloading via venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and use of emapalumab in severe metapnomovirus myocarditis presenting with cardiogenic shock.

Cardiology in the young
2025

Case Report: Rare adverse events following CAR-T therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Frontiers in oncology
2026

Eculizumab as an adjunctive rescue treatment for life-threatening childhood onset of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus
2025

Pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for refractory paediatric Still's disease: a scoping review.

Rheumatology advances in practice
2025

Fatal Chronic Varicella-Zoster Viral Infection in a Young Man With Chediak-Higashi Syndrome.

Pediatric dermatology
2025

Emapalumab as a Life-Saving Therapy for Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Refractory Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis with Trisomy 21.

Turkish archives of pediatrics
2025

Shock in Adult-Onset Still's Disease Complicated by Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of 14 Patients.

International journal of hepatology
2026

Etiologic spectrum and early mortality predictors in extreme hyperferritinemia: insights from rheumatology and hematology clinics.

Clinical rheumatology
2026

Prediction nomogram of serum interferon-γ enable early identification of macrophage activation syndrome in children with Kawasaki disease.

Clinical rheumatology
2025

Therapeutic plasma exchange in autoimmune diseases: a retrospective study in a tertiary pediatric hospital in Mexico.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2025

Monocyte/macrophages may exert prominent roles in macrophage activation syndrome.

Annals of hematology
2025

Kawasaki disease complicated with shock syndrome and macrophage activation syndrome in children: a case report.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome-like in multiple myeloma patients treated with the academic CAR-T against BCMA ARI0002h.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in 60 Mexican children with chronic granulomatous disease.

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
2025

Sustained remission with eculizumab in refractory lupus nephritis with atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome.

BMJ case reports
2026

Distinct expression profiles of inflammasome-associated genes in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
2025

Low-dose emapalumab treatment in refractory macrophage activation syndrome secondary to adult onset still's disease/systemic lupus erythematosus: insights from nine cases.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

From Cough to Myocarditis: A Systemic Tale of Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

Cureus
2026

Clinical significance of non-infectious procalcitonin elevation in Still's disease: a predictor of macrophage activation syndrome.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
2025

Macrophage Activation in Lupus Nephritis: An Unknown Cause of Severe Hypercalcemia.

Rhode Island medical journal (2013)
2025

Clinical Analysis of Two Cases of Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis Complicated with Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology
2025

Griscelli Syndrome Type 2 Revealed by Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Two Cases From the Same Family.

Cureus
2025

Long-term safety of canakinumab in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: 5-year results from the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) registry.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2025

An animal model of NLRC4-associated autoinflammation and infantile enterocolitis reveals novel therapeutic strategies.

Cellular &amp; molecular immunology
2025

Recurrent macrophage activation syndrome in patients with refractory systemic lupus erythematosus treated with emapalumab: a case report.

Hong Kong medical journal = Xianggang yi xue za zhi
2025

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in adult macrophage activation syndrome: an observational study in a Chinese cohort.

Lupus science &amp; medicine
2025

Reassessing sepsis research: new clues for old players and new players for an old symptom to improve patient outcomes.

EXCLI journal
2025

Still's disease: bridging the gap between guidelines and clinical practice.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2025

Treating and triggering hyperinflammation: tackling hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and HLH-like syndromes in the pediatric cell therapy and critical care setting.

Frontiers in oncology
2025

Add in a virus: four cases of severe Kawasaki disease and concurrent adenovirus infection.

BMC pediatrics
2025

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: an update in diagnostics, criteria, and treatment considerations.

Current opinion in pediatrics
2025

Pruritic eruption in a young woman with fever.

Skin health and disease
2026

Clinical Features and Outcome Measures Across Still Disease (Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still Disease) Cohorts Worldwide: A Systematic Literature Review.

The Journal of rheumatology
2026

Unfolding dermatological spectrum of Still's disease: a cohort study from the International AIDA Network Still's Disease Registry.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
2025

In Vivo Immune Cell Responses and Long-Term Effects of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in the Upper Respiratory Tract.

International journal of molecular sciences
2025

Hyperferritinemia and Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Septic Shock: Recent Advances with a Pediatric Focus (2020-2025).

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

Adult-onset Still's disease following COVID-19: a case report and literature review.

Modern rheumatology case reports
2025

[Emapalumab treatment for macrophage activation syndrome in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus].

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics
2026

Less is more: hematologic safety and sustained efficacy of a modified low-dose etoposide regimen in macrophage activation syndrome.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2026

Macrophage activation syndrome associated with multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children: a case report and cytokine profile.

Immunological medicine
2025

Should multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children be considered occult macrophage activation syndrome?

Clinical and experimental rheumatology
2026

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe Still's disease: a retrospective report of three paediatric patients.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
2025

Early-onset enterocolitis and concerning for macrophage activation syndrome in NLRC4 p.Val342Ala: IL-18 insights.

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
2025

A diagnostic algorithm to evaluate elevated C-reactive protein levels in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.

Biomarkers : biochemical indicators of exposure, response, and susceptibility to chemicals
2025

Traditional laboratory parameters and IFNγ-related biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of MAS.

Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism
2025

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Mimicking Tuberculosis in a Young Male: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Annals of African medicine
2025

Epstein-Barr Virus Seropositivity, Immune Dysregulation, and Mortality in Pediatric Sepsis.

JAMA network open
2025

Efficacy, pharmacokinetics and safety of iscalimab (CFZ533) in patients with proliferative lupus nephritis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study.

RMD open
2025

Progressive Disseminated Histoplasmosis with Dermatomyositis and Macrophage Activation Syndrome/Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
2025

Successful management of Still's disease with severe liver injury through the administration of baricitinib: a case report.

Frontiers in medicine
2025

Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: An Uncommon Presentation in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Acute Leukaemia.

European journal of case reports in internal medicine
2026

Serum Cytokine Profiling Differentiates Underlying Diseases in Cytokine Storm Syndrome.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2025

Genetics of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: update on case reports with an inborn error of immunity and risk variants found in drug-linked cases.

Frontiers in neurology
2025

Targeting JAK-STAT in macrophage activation syndrome-no MAS!

Blood
2025

Paradoxical hemoglobin drop Post-Transfusion: Hyperhemolysis in Delta-Beta thalassemia with macrophage activation syndrome.

QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians
2025

Etiologies and long-term outcome of pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome in Taiwan: a single-center retrospective study.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Managing the clinical heterogeneity of patients with Still's disease, from early diagnosis to timely treatment.

Autoimmunity reviews
2025

Utility of patient-reported outcomes for pulmonary symptoms and sleep disturbance and impairment in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2025

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pregnancy and the postpartum: A case series from the national HLH network.

Obstetric medicine
2025

Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in adult patients with refractory rheumatic disease-associated macrophage activation syndrome.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Subphenotypic Classification of Immune Response in Sepsis: Predicting Mortality and Guiding Future Personalized Immunotherapy.

Acta medica Indonesiana
2025

nCD64 index as a new early predictive biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset still's disease.

Arthritis research &amp; therapy
2025

Somatic Mosaic NLRC4 Variants in Autoinflammatory Diseases: Functional Characterization and Correlation of Mosaicism Levels with Disease Age of Onset and Severity.

Journal of clinical immunology
2025

Prolonged acyclovir therapy for Herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1-associated hepatitis in an immunocompetent man.

IDCases
2025

Investigation of the effect of serum gasdermin d levels on clinical course and mortality in patients with covid-19.

BMC infectious diseases
2025

Phagocytes Out of Control: Macrophage Activation Syndrome After the Use of Biologic Agents in the Treatment of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Pediatric annals
2025

Refractory Sclerosing Mesenteritis/Mesenteric Panniculitis Presenting With Macrophage Activation Syndrome Treated With Rituximab.

The Journal of rheumatology
2026

A Cytokine Storm Unveiled: Diagnostic Challenges of Macrophage Activation Syndrome in the Context of Undiagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in an Adolescent.

Annals of African medicine
2025

Safety and Efficacy of Simultaneous Vaccination with Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines Against Pneumococcal (13-Valent Vaccine) and Haemophilus Type B Infections in Children with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Prospective Cohort Study.

Vaccines
2025

Characteristics of 21 Patients with Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis-Insights from a Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome-associated adult onset Still disease treatment: a scoping review of case reports and case series.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome complicating adult-onset Still's disease: the case for standardized guidelines.

Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)
2025

Tofacitinib in the Treatment of Refractory Adult-Onset Still's Disease Co-diagnosed With Celiac Disease: A Case Report.

Cureus
2025

C1q monogenic lupus: a case series and review.

Rheumatology advances in practice
2025

Case Report: Two Cases of Kikuchi Disease in West Texas With Non-Self-Limited Disease.

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports
2024

[Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatric-onset Still's disease].

La Revue du praticien
2025

French protocol for the diagnosis and management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis including pediatric-onset Still's disease.

La Revue de medecine interne
2025

Outcomes of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis receiving biological disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs: a retrospective single-centre experience from India.

The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia
2025

Turmeric and Eucalyptus Aqueous Extracts Reduced Inflammation in Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS) Mouse Model.

Journal of inflammation research
2025

Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody associated rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease in a pediatric patient: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports
2025

Life-Threatening Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Pregnancy: First Manifestation of SLE Induced by Parvovirus B19.

International journal of molecular sciences
2025

Unmasking the Masquerade: A Case Report of Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

Cureus
2025

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of five patients with Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome in Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University.

Pakistan journal of medical sciences
2025

Trends and Hot Spots of Macrophages Linked to Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis (2014-2024).

Mediators of inflammation
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome in a pediatric patient: Findings on PET/CT with 18F-FDG.

Revista espanola de medicina nuclear e imagen molecular
2025

A retrospective study of long-term outcomes related with initial factors in childhood onset systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus
2025

The pathophysiology of hemophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis (HLH) syndrome and insights from animal models.

Clinical and experimental immunology
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome with hypoplastic marrow and orbital myositis as a unique initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: A case-based review.

Modern rheumatology case reports
2025

Impact of Interleukin-1 Blockade on the Development of Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Still Disease: Incidence and Diagnostic Validity of the EULAR/ACR/PRINTO 2016 MAS Classification Criteria.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2025

Macrophage Activation Syndrome Revealing Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Pediatric Case Report.

Cureus
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome associated with neonatal lupus erythematosus.

Lupus
2025

Ruxolitinib targets JAK-STAT signaling to modulate neutrophil activation in refractory macrophage activation syndrome.

Blood
2025

Effective Treatment of Macrophage Activation Syndrome Linked to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using Interleukin-1 Inhibitor.

Cureus
2025

Pulmonary arterial hypertension in adults with Still's disease: another pulmonary manifestation associated with HLA-DRB1*15.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases
2025

Advancing multidisciplinary management of pediatric hyperinflammatory disorders.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2025

Endogenous Lipoid Pneumonia in Adult Autoinflammatory Disease.

Arthritis care &amp; research
2025

[Epistaxis and weight loss in a 73-year-old man].

La Revue de medecine interne
2025

Modeling the HLH immune synapse uncovers critical roles for IS termination, cytokine intensity, and target cell death.

Blood
2025

Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis as an Initial Presentation of Undiagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

European journal of case reports in internal medicine
2025

Tofacitinib as a possible treatment in macrophage activation syndrome: a pilot single-center study in China.

Clinical rheumatology
2025

Long-term effectiveness and safety of baricitinib treatment on refractory or severe juvenile dermatomyositis.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
2025

Upregulation of Fcγ Receptor IV on Activated Monocytes and Macrophages Causes Nonspecific Binding of the PK136 Anti-NK1.1 Antibody in Murine Models of Toll-Like Receptor-Induced Inflammation.

Scandinavian journal of immunology
2025

Corrigendum: Early identification of macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset Still's disease: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in medicine
2025

Unmet needs and research gaps in Still's disease across ages: proceedings from a pediatric and adult joint expert panel.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2024

Case Report: Macrophage activation syndrome due to multifocal tuberculosis in an immunocompromised patient.

F1000Research
2025

Fatal Acute Intestinal Obstruction with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Multiple Organ Failure in Adult-Onset Still's Disease: A Rare Case Report.

Journal of inflammation research
2025

Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Adult-Onset Still's Disease: Challenges in Early Detection and Management.

Cureus
2025

Management Challenge of Coexistence of Macrophage Activation Syndrome, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Hepatitis B: Case Report.

Clinical case reports
2025

Successful re-administration of tocilizumab in a patient with adult-onset Still's disease after improvement of macrophage activation syndrome.

Modern rheumatology case reports
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome successfully treated with eculizumab and emapalumab: a case report.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Macrophage Activation Syndrome as an Atypical Manifestation of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease in a 14-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report.

Cureus
2025

Adult-Onset Still's Disease Presenting as Aseptic Meningitis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Cureus
2025

First-line biological versus conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in adult-onset Still's disease: a multicentre, retrospective, propensity weighted cohort study.

The Lancet. Rheumatology
2025

Ηidradenitis suppurativa associated with autoimmunity in children and adolescents; a case-based review.

Rheumatology international
2025

Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Kawasaki Disease: Insights from a Systematic Literature Review on Diagnosis, Clinical Features, and Treatment.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

High Neutrophil Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Adult-Onset Still's Disease.

Rheumatology and therapy
2025

Characterization of Patients with Macrophage Activation Syndrome Secondary to Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Clinical rheumatology
2025

Macrophage activation syndrome in Kawasaki disease: a literature review of Korean studies.

Journal of rheumatic diseases
2025

Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Not Just for Rheumatologists Anymore.

Hematology/oncology clinics of North America
2025

T-ing up the storm: pathogenic cycling lymphocytes in the biology of macrophage activation syndrome.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2025

An Inflammatory Cascade: Still's Disease Complicated by Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

The American journal of medicine
2025

Treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: conventional treatment versus biologics.

The Turkish journal of pediatrics
2025

[Fever and Pancytopenia - not Always a Case for Oncology].

Praxis
2025

[A rare differential diagnosis of fever of unknown origin].

Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany)
2025

Influence of CAR T-cell therapy associated complications.

Frontiers in oncology
2025

Successful control of recurrent MAS by canakinumab in a Sjögren syndrome patient with homozygous MEFV P369S variants and review of literatures.

Modern rheumatology case reports
2025

Development of anti-murine IL-18 binding protein antibodies to stimulate IL-18 bioactivity.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
2025

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and adult-onset Still's disease are the same disease and should now be designated by the same unique name, Still's disease.

Joint bone spine
2025

Sustained remission after bispecific antibody anti-IL-1β/anti-IL-18 therapy in a severe childhood Still's disease with recurrent macrophage activation syndrome.

Joint bone spine
2025

Marked exacerbation of resolving macrophage activation syndrome in a patient with adult-onset Still's disease following one dose of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

BMJ case reports
2025

Mortality in children and adolescents with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
2025

Hyperferritinemia is Associated with Thrombocytopenia and Increased Mortality Risk in Adult Sepsis Patients: A Retrospective Study of Two Observational Cohorts.

Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
2025

Gastrointestinal system involvement characteristics in Covid -19 patients.

JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association
2025

Tetrandrine alleviates macrophage activation syndrome after CAR-T cell therapy.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology
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Doenças relacionadas

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Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. [Clinical Manifestations of Childhood Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-associated Acute Pancreatitis and Evaluation of the Efficacy of Plasma Exchange Combined With Glucocorticoids].
    Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition· 2026· PMID 41834965mais citado
  2. Refractory macrophage activation syndrome in adult-onset Still's disease: response to interferon-&#x3b3; blockade and JAK inhibition.
    BMJ case reports· 2026· PMID 41713885mais citado
  3. Precision Immunotherapy to Improve Sepsis Outcomes: The ImmunoSep Randomized Clinical Trial.
    JAMA· 2026· PMID 41359996mais citado
  4. Retrospective study: clinical analysis of Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome.
    Italian journal of pediatrics· 2026· PMID 41864993mais citado
  5. Is a variant of uncertain significance always 'insignificant'? A systematic review on PRF1 A91V in Hemophagocytic Lymphohistocytosis and comparative analysis with Still's disease.
    Orphanet journal of rare diseases· 2026· PMID 41794805mais citado
  6. [Management of emergencies in rheumatology].
    Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed· 2026· PMID 41979866recente
  7. Emapalumab's role in a severe and treatment-resistant paediatric macrophage activation syndrome.
    ARP Rheumatol· 2026· PMID 41966084recente
  8. From hip pain to MAS: A case of gonococcal arthritis in a child.
    Wiad Lek· 2026· PMID 41962115recente
  9. Macrophage activation syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus: risk factors and outcomes.
    Clin Rheumatol· 2026· PMID 41952030recente
  10. Clinical and Immunological Overlap Between Visceral Leishmaniasis and Rheumatic Disorders: A Comparative Review on Diagnostic Challenges.
    Turkiye Parazitol Derg· 2026· PMID 41948960recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:158061(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0015545(MONDO)
  3. GARD:12124(GARD (NIH))
  4. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  5. Q6725504(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Síndrome de ativação macrofágica
Compêndio · Raras BR

Síndrome de ativação macrofágica

ORPHA:158061 · MONDO:0015545
Prevalência
Unknown
CID-10
D76.1 · Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica
CID-11
Ensaios
5 ativos
Início
Adolescent, Adult, Childhood
Prevalência
0.0 (Worldwide)
MedGen
UMLS
C1096155
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Papers 10a
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