Raras
Buscar doenças, sintomas, genes...
Timoma
ORPHA:99867CID-10 · D38.4CID-11 · 2C27.YDOENÇA RARA

Neoplasia que surge das células epiteliais do timo. Embora os timomas sejam geralmente tumores encapsulados, eles podem invadir a cápsula e infiltrar-se nos tecidos circundantes ou mesmo metastatizar para locais anatômicos distantes. Os seguintes subtipos morfológicos são atualmente reconhecidos: tipo A, tipo B, tipo AB, timoma metaplásico, micronodular, microscópico e esclerosante. Os timomas tipo B são subdivididos em tipos B1, B2 e B3. O timoma tipo B3 geralmente apresenta o curso clínico mais agressivo.

Mantido por Agente Raras·Colaborar como especialista →

Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

Neoplasia que surge das células epiteliais do timo. Embora os timomas sejam geralmente tumores encapsulados, eles podem invadir a cápsula e infiltrar-se nos tecidos circundantes ou mesmo metastatizar para locais anatômicos distantes. Os seguintes subtipos morfológicos são atualmente reconhecidos: tipo A, tipo B, tipo AB, timoma metaplásico, micronodular, microscópico e esclerosante. Os timomas tipo B são subdivididos em tipos B1, B2 e B3. O timoma tipo B3 geralmente apresenta o curso clínico mais agressivo.

Pesquisas ativas
20 ensaios
156 total registrados no ClinicalTrials.gov
Publicações científicas
10.745 artigos
Último publicado: 2026

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
Unknown
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Worldwide
Início
Adult
🏥
SUS: Sem cobertura SUSScore: 0%
CID-10: D38.4
Você se identifica com essa condição?
O Raras está aqui pra te apoiar — com ou sem diagnóstico

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Entender a doença

Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo

Preparando trilha educativa...

Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

🫁
Pulmão
4 sintomas
🩸
Sangue
4 sintomas
📏
Crescimento
2 sintomas
💪
Músculos
2 sintomas
🛡️
Imunológico
2 sintomas
🧠
Neurológico
1 sintomas

+ 22 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

55%prev.
Perda de peso
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Proliferação linfocitária anormal
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Fisiologia anormal de linfócitos
Frequente (79-30%)
55%prev.
Dor torácica
Frequente (79-30%)
17%prev.
Neoplasia
Ocasional (29-5%)
17%prev.
Febre
Ocasional (29-5%)
39sintomas
Frequente (4)
Ocasional (12)
Muito raro (21)
Sem dados (2)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 39 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

Perda de pesoWeight loss
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Proliferação linfocitária anormalAbnormal lymphocyte proliferation
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Fisiologia anormal de linfócitosAbnormal lymphocyte physiology
Frequente (79-30%)55%
Dor torácicaChest pain
Frequente (79-30%)55%
NeoplasiaNeoplasm
Ocasional (29-5%)17%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Total histórico10.745PubMed
Últimos 10 anos200publicações
Pico2026105 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026🧪 1998Primeiro ensaio clínico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

🧬

Nenhum gene associado encontrado

Os dados genéticos desta condição ainda estão sendo catalogados.

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

Carregando...

Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

Pipeline de tratamentos
Pipeline regulatório — de medicamentos já aprovados a drogas em pesquisa exploratória.
3Fase 32
2Fase 211
1Fase 11
·Pré-clínico6
Medicamentos catalogadosEnsaios clínicos· 0 medicamentos · 20 ensaios
Carregando informações de tratamento...

Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Timoma

🗺️

Selecione um estado ou use sua localização para ver resultados.

Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.

Pesquisa ativa

Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes

🟢 Recrutando agora

12 pesquisas recrutando participantes. Converse com seu médico sobre a possibilidade de participar.

Outros ensaios clínicos

156 ensaios clínicos encontrados, 20 ativos.

Distribuição por fase
Ver todos no ClinicalTrials.gov
🧪 Está conduzindo uma pesquisa?
Divulgue para pacientes e familiares que acompanham esta doença.
Divulgar pesquisa →

Publicações mais relevantes

Timeline de publicações
4.023 papers (10 anos)

Mostrando amostra de 200 publicações de um total de 4.023

#1

Paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with dual AQP4-IgG and CRMP5 antibodies following thymectomy: a case report.

Frontiers in neuroscience2026

We present a rare case of paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in a 50-year-old woman with a history of B3 thymoma, marked by dual positivity for AQP4-IgG and CV2/CRMP5 antibodies. The patient developed sequential bilateral optic neuritis, with orbital MRI revealing enhancement of the left optic nerve. Serological analysis showed a high AQP4-IgG titer (1:320) and positive CV2/CRMP5 antibodies, while other paraneoplastic markers were absent. Treatment with glucocorticoids and mycophenolate mofetil led to substantial visual recovery. This case underscores the association between thymoma and paraneoplastic NMOSD and suggests a potential interaction between AQP4- and CRMP5-related autoimmune responses. Although CV2/CRMP5 antibodies are typically linked to lung cancer and thymoma, their coexistence with AQP4-IgG in NMOSD points to a distinct paraneoplastic mechanism. These findings support the need for thorough tumor screening in NMOSD patients with atypical features, particularly those with CV2/CRMP5 seropositivity.

#2

Half a century of change: demographic trends and their clinical impact in acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis.

Journal of neurology2026 Mar 23

The impact of myasthenia gravis (MG) changing epidemiology on disease management remains unclear. We investigated how MG subtypes changing over the last 50 years have affected disease prognosis. Adult patients with MG onset between 1970 and 2020, followed up at our center for ≥ 2 years, were included in this retrospective study. Demographics, MG subtypes, and antibody (Ab) status over the last 50 years were assessed. Treatment response and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated in acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-MG patients with onset between 2000 and 2020. Treatment goal was defined as Post-Intervention Status of "minimal manifestations" or better with corticosteroid dose ≤ 5 mg/day (5 mg-MM-or-better). We included 1023 AChR-MG patients, of whom 517 had onset between 2000 and 2020. In the non-thymoma population, the median age at onset increased from 35 years in the 1970 s to 65 in the last decade (p < 0.0001), and the AChR-Ab positivity rate correlated with age at onset (p = 0.0002). Early-onset MG (EOMG) had the highest rate of 5 mg-MM-or-better (62/104, 60%), followed by very late-onset MG (VLOMG, 91/192, 48%; p = 0.0012). Complete stable remission (CSR) was rare in VLOMG (8/192, 4%) and most frequently occurred in EOMG (25/104, 24%; p < 0.0001). At multivariable logistic regression 5 mg-MM-or-better was associated with EOMG, VLOMG, and follow-up duration, while negatively associated with moderate-to-severe MG and treatment-related AEs. VLOMG and late-onset MG, along with the use of steroids plus one or ≥ 2 immunosuppressants, were independent risk factors for AEs. The increased rate of VLOMG has relevant therapeutic and prognostic implications, mainly related to long-term treatment exposure and high risk of AEs in elderly patients.

#3

Morvan syndrome in a patient with progressing metastatic thymoma and myasthenia gravis.

BMJ case reports2026 Mar 19

Morvan syndrome (MoS) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome that is predominantly characterised by autonomic dysfunction, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability and altered mental status. Cases in literature often describe pre-existing autoimmune diagnoses in patients with MoS, alluding to its association with systemic immune dysregulation.We report a woman presenting with hypersomnolence and fluctuating mental status consistent with MoS who had been previously diagnosed with metastatic thymoma, acetylcholine receptor-positive myasthenia gravis and multiple other chronic medical conditions. The report emphasises the importance of prompt recognition of symptoms and accurate diagnosis in rare diseases, allowing for timely initiation of the appropriate immunotherapy that ultimately led to rapid and significant clinical improvement.

#4

Neuro-ophthalmic presentation of leptomeningeal metastasis of thymoma: a case report.

Frontiers in neurology2026

Leptomeningeal disease (LMD) of the brain and spinal cord can present with visual loss or diplopia. Although LMD can occur in many forms of neoplasia, thymoma-related LMD is exceedingly rare. A 53-year-old Hispanic male with a history of chest pain, weight loss, and night sweats was diagnosed with stage 4 thymoma with lung and pleural metastasis. He received chemotherapy for metastatic thymoma. Few months later, patient presented with severe right-sided facial pain and lip numbness, ptosis and double vision. The patient was diagnosed with multiple cranial and spinal nerve involvement due to thymomatous LMD, confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture. LMD is a rare presentation of a malignant thymoma. Current guidelines for thymoma management emphasize the importance of staging imaging to rule out distant metastasis. Our case highlights the importance of a head-to-mid-thigh positron emission tomography (PET) scan in patients with known metastatic thymomas, with multiple PET scans, if possible, at regular intervals, owing to the aggressive nature of metastatic thymomas. Clinicians should be aware of the neoplastic (e.g., metastatic disease and LMD) and paraneoplastic (e.g., thymoma-related myasthenia gravis) neuro-ophthalmic presentations of thymoma.

#5

Elucidating genetic backgrounds of myasthenia gravis in Japanese by genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses of thymoma.

Nature communications2026 Mar 12

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission and motor symptoms. Its genetic background remains unclear, particularly beyond specific subtypes reported in European populations. Here, we perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 1,434 MG cases covering all disease subtypes and 42,913 controls of Japanese, which newly identify the TERT locus (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, P = 1.7×10-10). Subtype-stratified GWASs show stronger signals for generalized MG (gMG; OR = 1.38, P = 1.6×10-12), anti AChR antibody-positive gMG (g-AChR-Ab(+)MG; OR= 1.49, P = 2.1×10-15), and thymoma-associated gMG (g-TAMG; OR = 1.92, P = 1.1×10-15). Fine-mapping of the major histocompatibility complex region reveal distinct associations of HLA-DRB1 with late onset gMG (g-LOMG) and HLA-A with early onset gMG (g-EOMG). The MG risk TERT lead variant rs2736099 is associated with poor treatment response, especially in g-AChR-Ab(+)MG and g-EOMG (P < 0.0042). The biobank-based phenome-wide association study identify pleiotropic effects on lung cancer, hematological traits, and telomere length. Single cell transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry identified immature lymphocyte-specific TERT expression in thymoma specimens. Full-length transcriptomics reveal allele-specific decreasing effect of rs2736099-A on TERT expression. Our study unveils genetics of MG distinctly across disease subtypes, and involvement of TERT in its pathogenesis.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC5.274 artigos no totalmostrando 198

2026

Paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with dual AQP4-IgG and CRMP5 antibodies following thymectomy: a case report.

Frontiers in neuroscience
2026

Case Report of a Rare Pediatric B2 Thymoma With Focal Thymic Carcinoma Foci and Bone Marrow Metastasis.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2026

Half a century of change: demographic trends and their clinical impact in acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis.

Journal of neurology
2026

Low GBX2 expression is associated with histological type B thymoma: a multi-omics analysis.

Discover oncology
2026

Long-Term Outcomes of Surgery for Thymic Epithelial Tumors With Pleural Metastases.

JTO clinical and research reports
2026

The Effect of Thymectomy on the Incidence of Extrathymic Cancers and Autoimmune Diseases in Patients With Non-Thymomatous Myasthenia Gravis.

Muscle &amp; nerve
2026

Morvan syndrome in a patient with progressing metastatic thymoma and myasthenia gravis.

BMJ case reports
2026

Triple-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings for feline cranial mediastinal tumors: Pilot study.

The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne
2026

Effectiveness and Safety of Eculizumab in Highly Active AChR+gMG and Its Therapeutic Response in Different Subtypes of gMG.

ImmunoTargets and therapy
2026

Thymic epithelial tumors at the crossroads of immunity, autoimmunity, and immunotherapy.

Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII
2026

Surgical treatment of the patient with locally advanced esophageal cancer and concurrent thymoma after neoadjuvant therapy: a case report.

Frontiers in immunology
2026

Genomic landscape and subgroup stratification of thymic epithelial tumors: a systematic meta-analysis of next-generation sequencing data.

Frontiers in oncology
2026

Case Report: Complete remission of thymic carcinoma using dose-dense chemotherapy.

Frontiers in oncology
2026

When Central Tolerance Fails: Thymic Malignancies at the Intersection of Cancer Immunity and Autoimmunity.

Cancers
2026

Potential Biomarkers in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
2026

A Decade of Surgical Management of Thymic Tumours in Western Australia.

ANZ journal of surgery
2026

Neuro-ophthalmic presentation of leptomeningeal metastasis of thymoma: a case report.

Frontiers in neurology
2026

Elucidating genetic backgrounds of myasthenia gravis in Japanese by genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses of thymoma.

Nature communications
2026

Noninvasive biomarkers in thymic epithelial tumors: a systematic review of cfDNA/ctDNA detection, molecular profiling, and organoid-based monitoring.

Journal of thoracic disease
2026

Isolated dysphagia masking myasthenia gravis diagnosis.

Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
2026

CT Histogram Analysis for Predicting Malignancy in Anterior Mediastinal Masses.

Thoracic research and practice
2026

[Clinicopathological and molecular genetic features of micronodular thymic neoplasms with lymphoid stroma: a study of seventeen cases].

Zhonghua bing li xue za zhi = Chinese journal of pathology
2026

Increased Prevalence of Extrathymic Neoplasms in Myasthenia Gravis Patients-A Population-Based, Matched Case-Control Study.

Muscle &amp; nerve
2026

Morvan syndrome associated with prominent Tau pathology: A clinicopathological case report.

Journal of neuroimmunology
2026

Abscopal effect induced by conventional fractionated radiotherapy following anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in pulmonary metastatic thymic squamous cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in immunology
2026

Elevated serum Interleukin-39 in Myasthenia gravis: a possible biomarker.

European journal of medical research
2025

Giant cell myositis confined to the lower extremities without associated thymoma or myasthenia gravis: a case report.

Acta myologica : myopathies and cardiomyopathies : official journal of the Mediterranean Society of Myology
2026

CT-Guided Lung Biopsy Using Dual-Energy Iodine Mapping to Target Lung Masses with Necrotic Tissue-A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Journal of clinical medicine
2026

Case Report: Thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis, myositis, myocarditis, and anti-GAD65 autoimmune encephalitis: a unique case of paraneoplastic polyautoimmunity.

Frontiers in immunology
2026

Immunotherapy Safety in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Disproportionality Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System.

JMIR cancer
2026

Biomimetic 3D-Bioprinted organoids of thymic epithelial tumors for translational drug screening and biomarker identification.

Materials today. Bio
2026

A Rare Adolescent Presentation of Morvan Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges and Therapeutic Response.

Clinical case reports
2026

Dose and normal tissue complication probability analysis of various radiotherapy regimens for thymomas.

Frontiers in oncology
2026

Simultaneous Resection for Type A Thymoma With Synchronous Solitary Pulmonary Metastasis: A Case Report.

Respirology case reports
2026

Solitary Hepatic Metastasis of Thymoma: A Case Report.

Surgical case reports
2026

Inflammatory biomarker panels in peripheral blood: association with myasthenia gravis onset and severity.

Frontiers in neurology
2026

Good's Syndrome Mirrors a Combined Immunodeficiency with Anti-Cytokine Antibodies in the Total Absence of B Cells.

Journal of clinical immunology
2025

First Paediatric Case of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Associated New Onset Systemic Myasthenic Crisis.

Sisli Etfal Hastanesi tip bulteni
2026

Rapid efficacy of efgartigimod for generalized myasthenia gravis patients in acute exacerbations/worsening: multicenter real-world retrospective study.

Journal of neurology
2026

Emerging Strategies in the Management of Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas.

Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN
2026

Impact of relative dose intensity of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with thymic epithelial tumors: a retrospective study.

Therapeutic advances in medical oncology
2026

Pathological Study of Rare Malignant Cardiac Tumors: A Case Series of Five Patients.

Case reports in pathology
2026

Characterization of tumour microenvironment in thymic epithelial tumours of different histological subtypes.

Discover oncology
2026

Anti-GABA-AR encephalitis or neuropsychiatric SLE? Avoiding misdiagnosis through comprehensive antibody testing beyond commercial panels.

Practical neurology
2026

Recurrent microsatellite instability-high thymic carcinoma showing complete response to immune checkpoint inhibitor: A case report.

Oncology letters
2026

Long-Term Response Without Immune-Related Adverse Events to Atezolizumab Treatment in TMB-High Thymoma: A Case Report from the KOSMOS-II Study.

Journal of clinical medicine
2026

Molecular Landscape of Resected Thymomas: Insights from Mutational Profiling.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
2026

A rare mediastinal-type superior vena cava cavernous hemangioma successfully treated with surgical resection under cardiopulmonary bypass condition: a case report.

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
2025

Investigating the Mechanisms of Combined Therapy for MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Using Arsenic Trioxide and Resveratrol through Network Pharmacology.

Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland)
2026

Clinical utility of OGN in pan-cancer: diagnostic biomarker and immune microenvironment regulator.

Translational cancer research
2026

Efficacy and safety of first-line lenvatinib in patients with advanced or recurrent thymic carcinoma in the real-world setting.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
2026

Immuno-deficient features of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis patients with hypogammaglobulinemia: A condition comparable to Good's syndrome.

Journal of neuroimmunology
2026

Integrative Multiomic Classification Reveals Distinct Origins and Evolutionary Trajectories of Thymic Epithelial Tumors.

Cancer research
2026

Salvage Surgery Following Definitive Chemoradiotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy for Locally Advanced Thymic Carcinoma.

Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
2026

Thymic Atypical Carcinoid Mimicking Recurrent Type A Thymoma on Frozen Section: A Diagnostic Pitfall Resolved by Intraoperative Imprint Cytology.

Cureus
2026

Cytomegalovirus-associated Panretinal Occlusive Vasculopathy without Retinal Necrosis as the Heralding Feature of Good Syndrome.

Retinal cases &amp; brief reports
2026

A 69-year-old man with Good syndrome: thymoma-associated immunodeficiency.

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne
2026

Rozanolixizumab-induced aseptic meningitis in AChR-thymoma associated myasthenia gravis.

Acta neurologica Belgica
2026

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes in thymoma- related aplastic anemia: a case report and literature review.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery
2026

A clinically applicable and generalizable deep learning model for anterior mediastinal tumors in CT images across multiple institutions.

Scientific reports
2026

Multi-omics profiling reveals intrathymic triggers and novel biomarkers in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis.

Biomarker research
2026

Putative Paraneoplastic Pemphigus in a Cat With T-Cell Intestinal Lymphoma.

Veterinary dermatology
2026

Cutaneous paraneoplastic syndromes in cats: a comparative clinical review.

Journal of feline medicine and surgery
2026

Primary mediastinal mucormycosis presenting with hoarseness: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports
2025

The rare report of unicentric Castleman disease with concurrent myasthenia gravis and paraneoplastic pemphigus: a case report with a focused review of the literature.

Frontiers in oncology
2026

A Shift from Standard Median Sternotomy to Robotic-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for Resection of Anterior Mediastinal Tumors.

Journal of clinical medicine
2026

1-Year Clinical Outcome Post-Myasthenic Crisis: A Multicenter Prospective Study in China.

European journal of neurology
2026

Perioperative outcomes comparisons of thymoma treatment between robot-assisted thymectomy (RATS) and video-assisted thymectomy (VATS): a meta-analysis.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery
2026

Immunohistochemical biomarker-associated radiomics for classifying thymic epithelial tumors: a multicenter retrospective study.

NPJ precision oncology
2026

Solid, cystic, and mucinous spindle cell thymomas (WHO type A): A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 7 cases.

Human pathology
2026

Sleep disturbances in patients with myasthenia gravis: A cross-sectional study.

Neurologia
2026

Management of large anterior mediastinal mass by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery
2026

Immune-Mediated Multilineage Cytopenias in Thymoma: A Retrospective Case Series.

Thoracic cancer
2026

Immune dysregulation driven by elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio aggravates myasthenia gravis.

The Journal of international medical research
2025

Unilateral Ptosis and Bulbar Symptoms as the Initial Presentation of Late-Onset Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Myasthenia Gravis Mimicking Acute Ischemic Stroke in an 82-Year-Old Man.

Cureus
2026

Double-seronegative myasthenia gravis: clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes - a systematic review of case reports and case series.

BMC neurology
2026

Development of Nomogram for Predicting Postoperative Progression Risk in High-Risk Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Utilizing Clinical and Preoperative CT Features.

Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology
2026

[A Case of Robot-Assisted Thoracoscopic Extended Thymectomy for Thymoma Associated with Generalized Myasthenia Gravis].

Gan to kagaku ryoho. Cancer &amp; chemotherapy
2025

Positional Respiratory Distress in Myasthenic Crisis: A Case of Undiagnosed Thymoma.

Cureus
2026

[Lymphomas of the thymus and mediastinum].

Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany)
2026

Detection of Pericardial Thymoma by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

JACC. Case reports
2026

Thymic epithelial tumors in pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients: A national cohort analysis of clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and survival outcomes.

Journal of pediatric surgery
2026

Autoantibody repertoire analysis in paraneoplastic pemphigus reveals novel targets linked to mucocutaneous blistering and bronchiolitis obliterans.

Communications medicine
2025

Establishment of Autoreactive CD4+CD8+ T Cell Hybridomas from Sjögren's Disease Model, SATB1 Conditional Knockout Mice.

International journal of molecular sciences
2025

Neoadjuvant Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy Versus Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Thymic Epithelial Tumors: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Cancers
2026

Why Magnetic Resonance Imaging Is Invaluable for the Evaluation of Thymic Masses.

Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
2026

Serum Cytokeratin 19 Fragment Antigen 21-1 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Thymic Carcinoma in Thymic Masses.

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
2025

Spleen metastasis as rare systemic manifestation of thymoma: a case report.

Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)
2025

Immune aberrations in thymic epithelial tumors.

Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)
2025

Managing stage IV thymic carcinoma-a narrative review of radiation therapy strategies and options.

Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)
2025

Distant recurrence from thymoma biopsy seeding: a case report.

Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)
2025

Impact of postoperative surveillance via computed tomography after radical resection for thymoma.

Mediastinum (Hong Kong, China)
2025

Advanced Masaoka-Koga stage as an independent predictor of thymoma recurrence after complete resection: myasthenia gravis was not an independent factor.

Gland surgery
2026

The Incidence of Malignancy and Autoimmune Disorders After Thymectomy: An Exploratory Study.

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
2026

Effect of the Extent of Thymus Excision on the Risk of Subsequent Cancer Development.

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
2026

Autoimmune diseases and malignancies in patients with thymoma: A 9-year retrospective study.

Chinese medical journal
2026

Thymic carcinoma presenting with cardiac tamponade and superior vena cava invasion.

BMJ case reports
2025

Methylprednisolone pulse versus docetaxel in recurrent thymoma with myasthenia gravis.

Frontiers in neurology
2025

Systemic immune-inflammation index prior to postoperative radiotherapy as a tool for outcome prediction in thymic epithelial tumors.

Radiation oncology journal
2026

Telitacicept as a New Therapeutic Avenue for Generalized Myasthenia Gravis and Thymoma-Associated Myasthenia Gravis.

Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology
2026

Localization of Persistent Air Leaks Using Technetium-99m Technegas SPECT/CT.

Clinical nuclear medicine
2025

Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Campylobacter coli Bacteremia in a Patient With Good's Syndrome.

Cureus
2025

Frontiers in thoracic oncology: new breakthroughs in molecular targets and immunotherapy.

Frontiers in immunology
2026

Defining the Clinical Target Volume in Postoperative Thymic Epithelial Tumours - A Clinical Practice Guide for UK Clinical Oncologists.

Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))
2025

Deep Learning-Assisted Detection and Classification of Thymoma Tumors in CT Scans.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

The downregulation of RIZ1 activates the AKT/mTOR in pregnant women with obesity.

Scientific reports
2025

Perioperative safety and efficacy of minimally invasive vs. open thymectomy for large thymomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of robotic surgery
2025

Construction of a radiomics model based on CT imaging for predicting capsular invasion in thymomas.

Frontiers in radiology
2025

B2 Thymoma with Intracardiac Extension Presenting as Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: Case Report and Literature Review.

Acta medica academica
2025

Thymic Surgery for Neoplasm: Perspectives on the Optimal Approach.

Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
2026

Neoadjuvant Glucocorticoids Facilitate Resection in Advanced B-Type Thymomas: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of Surgical and Survival Outcomes.

Thoracic cancer
2025

Acute renal failure as the initial presentation of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma: A case report.

Clinical nephrology. Case studies
2025

Angiomatoid Spindle Cell Thymomas (WHO Type A): An Unusual Histological Subtype That Can Mimic a True Vascular Neoplasm.

International journal of surgical pathology
2025

Myasthenia Gravis and Thymectomy at a Tertiary-Care Surgical Centre: A 20-Year Retrospective Review.

Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.)
2025

Fusion of machine learning models using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for thymoma risk prediction: a multicenter analysis.

Updates in surgery
2025

Role of Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Surgical Treatment of Malignant Thrombosis of the Superior Vena Cava.

Cureus
2025

Never Fear, the Robot Is Here: Robotic Resection for a Giant Thymoma.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports
2025

Co-existence of Myasthenia Gravis and Addison's Disease Without Thymoma: A Case Report.

Neuro endocrinology letters
2026

Cinematic Rendering of Thymoma Causing Superior Vena Cava Syndrome.

Radiology. Imaging cancer
2025

CHEK2 Germline Variants and Their Clinical Implications: Experience from a Turkish Hereditary Cancer Cohort.

Cancer investigation
2025

Impact of Craniocaudal Tumor Dimension and the Ninth Edition of the TNM Stage Classification on Prognosis in Resected Thymoma.

Thoracic cancer
2026

Eculizumab as a new option for perioperative treatment in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis.

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
2026

Impact of Combined Additional Resections on the Surgical Outcomes of Robot-Assisted Resection of Thymic Epithelial Tumors.

Journal of surgical oncology
2025

Somatic Mutations of Thymic Epithelial Tumors Identified in the Prospective THYMOGENE Trial.

Thoracic cancer
2026

Ectopic thymoma arising in the pleura: Diagnostic challenges and clinical implications: A case report.

Radiology case reports
2025

The prognosis of MG patients with different thymic pathology: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

BMC medicine
2025

Clinical characteristics of myasthenia gravis patients with coexistence of AChR and titin antibodies.

Frontiers in neurology
2025

Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for fulminant chemotherapy-induced myocarditis: a case report and literature review.

Postgraduate medicine
2026

Deep learning discriminates thymic epithelial tumors' histological subtypes using digital pathology.

Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology
2025

Immunohistochemical evaluation of T cell receptor and T cell receptor beta constant 1 expression distinguishes benign and neoplastic immature T-cell populations and reveals discrete TRBC1/TCR phenotypes.

Journal of hematopathology
2026

Optimizing Diagnosis and Surgery for Pure Anterior Mediastinal Cysts: Insights from a Single-Centre Study.

Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
2025

From Inoperable to Remission: Complete Response in Advanced Thymoma B3 With Immunotherapy-A Case Report.

Respirology case reports
2025

Feasibility of establishing a nude mouse model of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Comparison of uniportal and three-portal video-assisted thoracoscopic thymectomy for thymoma: a propensity score-matched study.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Amyloid A Amyloidosis Secondary to Thymoma.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
2025

The effectiveness of adjuvant radiotherapy after thymoma resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

World journal of surgical oncology
2025

The Risk of Cardiovascular Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Thymoma or Thymic Carcinoma Receiving Cancer Therapy.

Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
2026

Treatment response after induction therapy in advanced thymic tumors: results from the Italian nationwide TYME database.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
2025

Circulating innate lymphoid cells and IL-18 as potential immune biomarkers in thymic tumors.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Invasive thymoma extending into the right atrium.

JTCVS techniques
2025

Recurrent severe COVID-19 with Good's syndrome in a patient after thymoma surgery: A case report.

Medicine
2026

Surgical approach and tumor size influence outcomes in thymoma: a retrospective analysis of 70 cases.

Surgical endoscopy
2025

Syncope as a Presenting Symptom of MuSK-Associated Myasthenia Gravis: A Case Report.

Journal of child neurology
2025

Frailty and postoperative weakness in thymoma surgery mechanistic endpoints, calibrated indices, and translational gaps - Letter to the editor.

International journal of surgery (London, England)
2025

Behçet Disease and Cognitive Impairment: A Case Study of an Overlooked Symptom.

The American journal of case reports
2025

Unveiling CCR9 and CCL13 as immune biomarkers and therapeutic targets in thymoma.

Scientific reports
2025

Synchronous primary ectopic intrathyroidal thymoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma: double trouble: a case report.

Journal of medical case reports
2026

Clinical presentation, prognosis, and treatment strategies for thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity: A pooled analysis.

Critical reviews in oncology/hematology
2026

Genome-wide analysis of somatic noncoding mutation patterns and mitochondrial heteroplasmic shift in type B1 and B2 thymomas.

The Journal of pathology
2025

Proteasome inhibition as a potential therapeutic target in thymic cancer.

Cell death &amp; disease
2025

Spontaneous haemothorax due to a non-invasive mediastinal thymoma.

BMJ case reports
2025

Contribution of laparoscopic surgery to the diagnosis of ovarian metastasis from thymoma: A rare case and review of the literature.

Gynecologic oncology reports
2025

Preoperative Biopsy Is Not Associated With Overall Survival in Patients With Surgically Resected Localized Thymoma.

European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery
2025

Comparative meta-analysis of robot- and video-assisted surgery for thymoma: efficacy, learning curve, and economic burden in 7347 patients.

World journal of surgical oncology
2025

Isolated thymic metastasis of breast cancer 10.5 years after surgery: a case report.

General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery cases
2025

Immunohistochemical analysis of thyroid transcription factor-1 in type A and AB thymomas comparing multiple primary antibody clones.

Cancer treatment and research communications
2026

Comparison of Oncologic Outcomes After Partial and Total Thymectomy for Stage I Thymomas.

The Annals of thoracic surgery
2025

Good's Syndrome-A Rare Cause of Acquired Adult Immunodeficiency: A Case Report.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
2025

Efgartigimod non-responders after the first treatment cycle in generalized myasthenia gravis: a retrospective analysis of predictive factors.

Frontiers in neurology
2025

Longitudinal Genomic Analysis of Five Cases of Recurrent Thymomas.

Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
2025

Myasthenic crisis associated with invasive thymoma successfully treated with ravulizumab: A case series.

Journal of the neurological sciences
2025

Initial results of the "lateral view preceding method" and subxiphoid robot-assisted extended thymectomy for patients with thymomatous myasthenia gravis.

General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery
2025

Hyperthermic Intrathoracic Chemotherapy and Photodynamic Therapy: A Single-Institution Experience for Malignant Pleural Diseases.

Oncology
2026

A case of AA amyloidosis with biliary cystadenoma and cervical thymoma in a striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis).

The Journal of veterinary medical science
2025

Elevated triglyceride-glucose index and risk of thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis: a prospective analysis from the UK Biobank.

Cardiovascular diabetology
2025

[Invasive Thymoma with Unexpected Pleural Dissemination Completely Resected Under 4K Three-dimensional Endoscopy:Report of a Case].

Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery
2026

Long-Term Outcomes of Surgical Resection for Thymic Epithelial Tumour With Intrathoracic Dissemination.

Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery
2025

The clinical characteristics and treatment response of myasthenia gravis with positive thyroid peroxidase antibody or thyroid globulin antibody.

Journal of translational autoimmunity
2025

Cryptococcosis in patients with myasthenia gravis: clinical characteristics and management strategy.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
2025

Role of therapeutic plasma exchange in myasthenia gravis with thymoma: A case series.

Asian journal of transfusion science
2025

Sclerosing Cholangitis and Multiple Liver Abscesses in a Patient with Thymoma, Myasthenia Gravis, and Immune Deficiency (Good's Syndrome).

The American journal of case reports
2025

The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with thymoma and thymic carcinoma following surgery: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Analysis of efficacy and safety of intensity-modulated radiotherapy with "Target-Ring" strategy for stage IVA large-volume thymoma and thymic carcinoma: a single-center study.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Robotic-assisted thymectomy for locally advanced thymic malignancy: technical refinement and oncologic outcomes from a 20-year cohort.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Clinical efficacy of robot-assisted thymectomy for large thymomas: a dual analysis of national and single-institution data.

Journal of thoracic disease
2025

Thymectomy in Ocular Myasthenia Gravis: Results Before and After Generalization and Prognostic Predictors of Outcomes.

Journal of clinical medicine
2025

A New Variant in CTLA4 Highlights the Heterogeneous Phenotype of CTLA4 Haploinsufficiency.

Journal of clinical immunology
2025

Chronic and Atypical Presentation of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome: A Case Report.

Cureus
2025

Management of stage IVa thymoma with coexistence of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and myasthenia gravis in a postpartum female case report.

AME case reports
2025

Thymoma in Ectopic Thymus: An Overlooked Differential and a Pathologist's Dilemma.

Cureus
2026

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 as a Biomarker of Malignant Behavior and PD-L1 Expression in Thymic Epithelial Tumors.

Cancer science
2025

Computed tomography-based thymoma-to-cranial intrathoracic volume ratio predicts the feasibility of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in a small dog: A case report.

Open veterinary journal
2026

A rare case of thymoma with extensive clear cell components: a discussion of its clear cell transformation.

Medical molecular morphology
2025

A Diagnostic Challenge in Progressive Limb Weakness: A Case of Myasthenia Gravis With Atypical Distal and Cranial Nerve Involvement.

Cureus
2025

Myocarditis and Myasthenia Gravis Induced by Camrelizumab in a Patient With Metastatic B2 Thymoma: A Case Report.

Thoracic cancer
2025

Atypical Thymic Carcinoid Presenting as a Mediastinal Mass: A Case Report.

Cureus
2025

Computer tomography-based three-dimensional reconstruction of an extended AB-thymoma: a case report.

Journal of surgical case reports
2025

Good's Syndrome Presenting With Weaning Failure From Ventilation and Myasthenia Gravis in a Post-Thymectomy Patient.

Respirology case reports
2025

Precision Medicine in Thoracic Surgery: Chest Wall, Pleural, and Mediastinal Malignancies.

Thoracic surgery clinics
2025

Thymus research in relation to myasthenia gravis: a new perspective on cell subpopulations and future directions.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Thymectomy for Morvan Syndrome Associated With Thymoma.

Annals of thoracic surgery short reports
2025

Association between antibody status and exacerbation in patients with myasthenia gravis who achieved minimal manifestation or better status.

Journal of neurology
2025

Recurrent Thymoma Diagnosed by Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration: A Case Report.

Respirology case reports
2025

Spotlight on FAM72B: Pan-Cancer Expression Profiles and Its Potential as a Prognostic and Immunotherapeutic Biomarker.

Genes
2025

18F-FDG PET/CT Reveals Characteristic Prefrontal-Posterior Cingulate Hypometabolism in anti-AMPAR Encephalitis to Understand Cerebral Function: Insights From an Eight-Patient Cohort.

CNS neuroscience &amp; therapeutics
2025

Inhibition of AKT or mTOR molecules mitigates obesity-associated metabolic disorders in Riz1-/- mice with obesity.

Biomedicine &amp; pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine &amp; pharmacotherapie
2025

Clinical and neuroradiological evolution of thymoma-associated anti-GABAA receptor autoimmune encephalitis: insights from a clinical case report.

Journal of neurology
2026

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on thoracic surgery volume in Japan: an analysis of the National Clinical Database.

Surgery today
Ver todos os 5.274 no EuropePMC

Associações

Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação

Ainda não temos associações cadastradas para Timoma.

É de uma associação que acompanha esta doença? Fale com a gente →

Comunidades

Grupos ativos de quem convive com esta doença aqui no Raras

Ainda não existe comunidade no Raras para Timoma

Pacientes, familiares e cuidadores se organizam em comunidades pra compartilhar experiências, fazer perguntas e se apoiar. Você pode ser o primeiro.

Tire suas dúvidas

Perguntas, dicas e experiências compartilhadas aqui na página

Participe da discussão

Faça login para postar dúvidas, compartilhar experiências e interagir com especialistas.

Fazer login

Doenças relacionadas

Doenças com sintomas parecidos — ajudam quem ainda está buscando diagnóstico

Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. Paraneoplastic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with dual AQP4-IgG and CRMP5 antibodies following thymectomy: a case report.
    Frontiers in neuroscience· 2026· PMID 41878006mais citado
  2. Half a century of change: demographic trends and their clinical impact in acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive myasthenia gravis.
    Journal of neurology· 2026· PMID 41872575mais citado
  3. Morvan syndrome in a patient with progressing metastatic thymoma and myasthenia gravis.
    BMJ case reports· 2026· PMID 41856686mais citado
  4. Neuro-ophthalmic presentation of leptomeningeal metastasis of thymoma: a case report.
    Frontiers in neurology· 2026· PMID 41821629mais citado
  5. Elucidating genetic backgrounds of myasthenia gravis in Japanese by genome-wide association studies and multi-omics analyses of thymoma.
    Nature communications· 2026· PMID 41820352mais citado
  6. Case report: Efgartigimod combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in a case of co-occurrence of unexplained myasthenia gravis, inflammatory myopathy, and fulminant myocarditis.
    Front Immunol· 2026· PMID 41993163recente
  7. Multiple lung metastases from typical type A thymoma after long-term follow-up: a case report.
    J Cardiothorac Surg· 2026· PMID 41992257recente
  8. Second primary malignancy risk after thymic epithelial tumors: a Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results analysis integrating multiple primary-standardized incidence ratio and competing-risk models.
    J Thorac Dis· 2026· PMID 41988305recente
  9. Prognostic value as metabolic tumor activity on (18)F-FDG uptake in thymic epithelial tumors.
    J Thorac Dis· 2026· PMID 41988293recente
  10. Complement Inhibition Therapy in Myasthenic Crisis-A Multicentre Retrospective Analysis of 17 Cases From Germany.
    Eur J Neurol· 2026· PMID 41983870recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:99867(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0006456(MONDO)
  3. GARD:16922(GARD (NIH))
  4. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  5. Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
  6. Q1429863(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Timoma
Compêndio · Raras BR

Timoma

ORPHA:99867 · MONDO:0006456
Prevalência
Unknown
Herança
Not applicable
CID-10
D38.4 · Neoplasia de comportamento incerto ou desconhecido do timo
CID-11
Ensaios
20 ativos
Início
Adult
Prevalência
0.0 (Worldwide)
MedGen
UMLS
C0040100
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Wikipedia
Papers 10a
DiscussaoAtiva

Nenhuma novidade ainda. O agente esta monitorando.

0membros
0novidades