A enteropatia imunomediada grave descreve uma variedade de distúrbios intestinais que podem variar desde uma doença sistêmica grave de início precoce (IPEX) até uma doença gastrointestinal leve e isolada. Nas crianças manifesta-se com diarreia grave e desidratação na presença de anticorpos característicos (anti-enterócitos e anti-células caliciformes) e nos adultos com diarreia crónica, má absorção e perda de peso.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
A enteropatia imunomediada grave descreve uma variedade de distúrbios intestinais que podem variar desde uma doença sistêmica grave de início precoce (IPEX) até uma doença gastrointestinal leve e isolada. Nas crianças manifesta-se com diarreia grave e desidratação na presença de anticorpos característicos (anti-enterócitos e anti-células caliciformes) e nos adultos com diarreia crónica, má absorção e perda de peso.
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 40 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 129 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Genes associados
2 genes identificados com associação a esta condição.
Signal transducer and transcription activator that mediates cellular responses to interferons (IFNs), cytokine KITLG/SCF and other cytokines and other growth factors (PubMed:12764129, PubMed:12855578, PubMed:15322115, PubMed:23940278, PubMed:34508746, PubMed:35568036, PubMed:9724754). Following type I IFN (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) binding to cell surface receptors, signaling via protein kinases leads to activation of Jak kinases (TYK2 and JAK1) and to tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT2.
CytoplasmNucleus
Immunodeficiency 31B
A disorder characterized by susceptibility to severe mycobacterial and viral infections. Affected individuals can develop disseminated infections and die of viral illness.
Transcriptional regulator which is crucial for the development and inhibitory function of regulatory T-cells (Treg) (PubMed:17377532, PubMed:21458306, PubMed:23947341, PubMed:24354325, PubMed:24722479, PubMed:24835996, PubMed:30513302, PubMed:32644293). Plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the immune system by allowing the acquisition of full suppressive function and stability of the Treg lineage, and by directly modulating the expansion and function of conventional T-cells (Pub
NucleusCytoplasm
Immunodeficiency polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, X-linked syndrome
Characterized by neonatal onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, infections, secretory diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, anemia and eczema. It is usually lethal in infancy.
Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)
391 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.
Vias biológicas (Reactome)
32 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Enteropatia grave imunomediada
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Publicações mais relevantes
Targeting MLCK1 uncouples immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis from antitumour immunity.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionised cancer treatment and patients' survival. However, ICIs also cause severe immune-related adverse events, notably colitis, resulting in ICIs therapy discontinuation and tumour immunotherapy failure. This study investigates long myosin light chain kinase 1 (MLCK1), a known regulator of tight junction and gut permeability, to elucidate the mechanisms underlying ICI-mediated colitis and identify approaches to reduce this toxicity. This study employed an integrated approach, using clinical samples, in vivo models and in vitro organoid systems. Biopsies from patients with ICIs colitis were profiled using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics. To recapitulate human ICIs colitis, we used a wild mouse microbiota (WildR) model, alongside various genetically modified and tumour-bearing models (including melanoma and MC38). Furthermore, mechanisms were investigated through organoid-immune cell co-cultures. Finally, surface plasmon resonance, microscale thermophoresis, full-spectrum flow cytometry, bulk RNA sequencing, immunostaining, ELISA and gut permeability assays were performed to comprehensively delineate the underlying molecular mechanism. Tight junction integrity was compromised in both human ICIs colitis and our WildR mouse model. We determined that this barrier dysfunction is driven by activation of the MLCK1-mediated leak pathway following ICI treatment. Using murine models, we identified tumour necrosis factor secreted by CD8+ and CD4+ T cells as an upstream regulator that induces colitis through this MLCK-dependent mechanism, as genetic deletion of MLCK preserved the tight junction structure and ameliorated the inflammation and ICIs colitis. Furthermore, a pharmacological screen identified the small molecule Epicatechin, which blocks MLCK1-FKBP8 interaction and inhibits the recruitment of MLCK1 to the perijunctional actomyosin ring and prevents the intestinal barrier loss. Finally, treatment with Epicatechin mitigated ICI-induced colitis without compromising the antitumour efficacy of the immunotherapy. These findings suggest that MLCK1-dependent tight junction regulation is essential for ICIs colitis, positioning barrier restoration as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Colon chaos: when drugs turn against your gut.
Immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis (IMDC) is a very common and severe toxicity to immune checkpoint inhibition that has generated a lot of scientific interest. The current guidelines do not capture the most recent literature on this disease entity, and few reviews if any have been published that describe the advances made in our understanding of IMDC. As more and more patients are being treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), it becomes essential to optimize treatment algorithms for ICI-related toxicities, especially IMDC. In our review, we discuss the findings of recent studies on IMDC epidemiology including incidence and risk factors, evaluation and treatment modalities, and surveillance and long-term outcomes. We note that while much has been learned regarding disease epidemiology and the utility of stool biomarkers over clinical symptoms, there remains a paucity of data where IMDC treatment options and long-term IMDC outcomes and surveillance is concerned. Our results highlight the most recent advances in our knowledge of IMDC and allow us to propose a management algorithm that improves on prior guidelines for IMDC by incorporating new study findings.
Janus Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Acne in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An International, Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study.
JAK inhibitor-associated acne is a common but poorly understood adverse event. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment outcomes of this condition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study consecutively enrolled JAK-inhibitor-treated patients with IBD who subsequently developed acne. The primary objective was to evaluate the clinical characteristics of acne. Secondary objectives included determining acne prevalence, impact on quality of life, and antiacne treatment effectiveness. Among 2183 JAK inhibitor-treated patients with IBD, 272 developed acne. The crude prevalence rates of acne were 15.9% for upadacitinib, 4.3% for tofacitinib, and 1.9% for filgotinib, with dose-dependent relationships observed for upadacitinib and tofacitinib. Acne predominantly affected patients aged 30-50 years; most cases were mild-moderate in severity. A prior history of acne vulgaris was associated with significantly increased odds of developing severe JAK inhibitor-associated acne (odds ratio, 4.88; 95% confidence interval, 2.88-31.7; P = .0003) and acne-related skin complications (odds ratio, 3.92; 95% confidence interval, 1.56-10.11; P = .004). One-third of patients reported a negative psychosocial impact, and 40% received pharmacologic intervention. Eighteen percent of patients who developed acne required JAK inhibitor dose reduction or discontinuation, although most did not have severe disease. This is the first study characterizing this adverse event in JAK inhibitor-treated patients with IBD and presents the largest cohort of JAK inhibitor-induced acne cases across all immune-mediated diseases. Acne is a common adverse effect resulting in significant psychological burden. Early identification, proactive counseling, and timely interventions, such as dose reduction or referral to dermatology, are crucial in managing this side effect.
Omental band induced bowel ischemia following combination immunotherapy in a patient with renal cell cancer.
A 62-year-old female, diagnosed with intermediate IMDC risk metastatic clear cell renal cell cancer, with multifocal metastases to left pleural membrane and primary renal mass in-situ, received combination of 1st line Nivolumab/Ipilimumab therapy. She was admitted to hospital within 2 weeks of administration of 1st cycle of immunotherapy with severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and nausea. On examination, she was noted to have severe abdominal tenderness with positive guarding. Her blood levels showed increased white cell count, C-reactive protein, and high lactate levels. A CT Abdomen and Pelvis and CT Mesenteric Angiogram was performed which showed evidence of mechanical small bowel obstruction. Secondary mesenteric oedema was also noted, and early ischemic changes of bowel were evident. Emergency laparotomy was performed. Omental banding of the small bowel loop was noted. This omental banding had resulted in bowel obstruction and ischemia. She underwent surgical resection of 15cm of gangrenous small bowel with an ileostomy formation. Histological examination revealed inflammatory cells and exudate present in small bowel biopsy sample. Small bowel obstruction because of an omental band is an extremely rare occurrence. It is thus postulated that the patients omental band developed as a consequence of immune mediated enteritis secondary to immunotherapy. Although small bowel obstruction secondary to immunotherapy is rare, with under five cases in the literature, it is a potentially life-threatening complication that treating physicians need to be aware of.
The Role of APOL1 in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Its Promise as a Diagnostic Biomarker.
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe inflammatory disease of the intestine. Although previous studies have demonstrated that APOL1 plays an important role in regulating macrophage polarization and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, its specific function in NEC remains unclear. We aim to further explore the role of APOL1 in NEC and its efficacy as a diagnostic biomarker. We performed tissue transcriptomic and plasma proteomic analyses based on clinical samples from preterm infants with NEC patients and conducted multilevel experimental validations. An in vitro macrophage polarization model was established to further investigate the regulatory role of APOL1 in macrophage differentiation. The diagnostic potential of APOL1 for NEC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Multiomics analyses revealed a significant upregulation of APOL1 expression in NEC, which was further confirmed by qPCR, immunofluorescence, and ELISA. Pathway enrichment and immune infiltration analyses indicated that APOL1 is positively associated with M1 macrophage infiltration and the expression of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. Immunofluorescence staining further demonstrated that APOL1 is highly expressed in M1 macrophage-enriched regions. In vitro experiments showed elevated APOL1 expression in M1 macrophages, while its inhibition significantly reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and NF-κB p65 activation, thereby suppressing M1 polarization. Moreover, the combination of plasma APOL1 and lymphocyte count (LYM) demonstrated high diagnostic efficacy for NEC, with an AUC value of 0.96 (sensitivity 93.3% and specificity 93.3%). Our findings reveal a marked upregulation of APOL1 in preterm infants with NEC. Mechanistically, we propose that the APOL1-ROS-NF-κB axis constitutes a novel and promising therapeutic target for NEC intervention. Furthermore, the combined detection of plasma APOL1 and LYM demonstrates high efficacy.
Publicações recentes
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Immune-mediated side effects of cancer immunotherapies.
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📚 EuropePMCmostrando 200
Omental band induced bowel ischemia following combination immunotherapy in a patient with renal cell cancer.
Irish medical journalThe Role of APOL1 in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Its Promise as a Diagnostic Biomarker.
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The American journal of Chinese medicineInhibiting METTL3 in macrophages alleviates colitis by enhancing M2 polarization via upregulating IRAKM.
Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.]Multi-omics analyses reveal the pathogenic role of terminal ileum-derived IgA+β7+ cells in IgA nephropathy.
Kidney internationalImpact of a GABA-Producing Lactococcus lactis on Microbiota and Mycobiota During CNS Inflammatory Demyelination.
FASEB bioAdvancesTargeting MLCK1 uncouples immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis from antitumour immunity.
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Pharmacotherapy[Upper-gastrointestinal tract toxicities associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI)].
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World journal of gastroenterologyExtrachromosomal Circular DNA: An Emerging Potential Biomarker for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases?
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International journal of molecular sciencesEfficacy of abatacept treatment in a patient with enteropathy carrying a variant of unsignificance in CTLA4 gene: A case report.
World journal of clinical casesImmune-mediated colitis associated with ocrelizumab: A new safety risk.
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Journal of veterinary scienceInflammatory Bowel Disease-Associated Colorectal Cancer: Translational and Transformational Risks Posed by Exogenous Free Hemoglobin Alpha Chain, A By-Product of Extravasated Erythrocyte Macrophage Erythrophagocytosis.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)Topotecan alleviates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via attenuation of the RORγT transcription factor.
Life sciencesPrevention of colitis-induced liver oxidative stress and inflammation in a transgenic mouse model with increased omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Redox biologyGlucocorticoid effects in the regenerating fin reflect tissue homeostasis disturbances in zebrafish by affecting Wnt signaling.
Frontiers in endocrinologyGastrointestinal involvement of passenger lymphocyte syndrome followed by minor ABO-incompatible renal transplantation: A case report.
Pediatric transplantationA Current State of Proteomics in Adult and Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Search and Review.
International journal of molecular sciencesCeliac Disease in Children: A 2023 Update.
Indian journal of pediatricsTargeting IL-23 for IBD: Rationale and Progress to Date.
DrugsFunctional assays to evaluate antibody-mediated responses against Shigella: a review.
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiologyCeliac crisis as the life-threatening onset of celiac disease in children: a case report.
Frontiers in pediatricsExtensive ischaemic colitis-like colonic lesions in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
Modern rheumatology case reportsInsights into the expanding intestinal phenotypic spectrum of SOCS1 haploinsufficiency and therapeutic options.
Journal of clinical immunologyThe evaluation of liver abnormalities in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
Current opinion in gastroenterologyPosition statement on the management of the immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis via multidisciplinary modified Delphi consensus.
European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)Celiac Disease Is a Risk Factor for Mature T and NK Cell Lymphoma: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
International journal of molecular sciencesPeripheral blood T-lymphocyte subsets are potential biomarkers of disease severity and clinical outcomes in patients with ulcerative colitis: a retrospective study.
BMC gastroenterologyAdvances in pharmacotherapy for ulcerative colitis: a focus on JAK1 inhibitors.
Expert opinion on pharmacotherapyReview article: Risk of cardiovascular events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving small molecule drugs.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeuticsIntestinal barrier dysfunction as a key driver of severe COVID-19.
World journal of virologySECOND BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN ADULTS: A CONSENSUS OF THE BRAZILIAN ORGANIZATION FOR CROHN'S DISEASE AND COLITIS (GEDIIB).
Arquivos de gastroenterologiaSECOND BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF CROHN'S DISEASE IN ADULTS: A CONSENSUS OF THE BRAZILIAN ORGANIZATION FOR CROHN'S DISEASE AND COLITIS (GEDIIB).
Arquivos de gastroenterologiaAtopic Dermatitis and Ulcerative Colitis Successfully Treated with Upadacitinib.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)Perspectives on Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Allergy in Pediatrics: A Review of Current Evidence and Guidelines.
Journal of asthma and allergyEtrasimod as induction and maintenance therapy for ulcerative colitis (ELEVATE): two randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 studies.
Lancet (London, England)Analysis of Alterations of the Gut Microbiota in Moderate to Severe Psoriasis Patients Using 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing.
Indian journal of dermatologyMIF Variant rs755622 Is Associated with Severe Crohn's Disease and Better Response to Anti-TNF Adalimumab Therapy.
GenesEtrasimod for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
ImmunotherapyClinical Evaluation of Risankizumab in the Treatment of Adults with Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease: Patient Selection and Reported Outcomes.
Drug design, development and therapyMolecular Imaging in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Seminars in nuclear medicinePediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Italy before and after the COVID-19: Lessons learned and management changes by SIGENP.
Italian journal of pediatricsCyclosporine treatment for severe steroid refractory immune-mediated colitis in a patient with ulcerative colitis.
Gastroenterologia y hepatologiaDisease activity in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations.
Journal of autoimmunityThe composition and function profile of the gut microbiota of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.
Clinical rheumatologyBiologic and Small-Molecule Therapies for Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Focus on Psoriasis Comorbidities.
BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapyImplementing an immunotherapy toxicity (IOTOX) GI service improves outcomes in patients with immune-mediated diarrhea and colitis.
Journal of cancer research and clinical oncologyA Review of Ophthalmic Complications in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
Journal of clinical medicineTreat-to-target and sequencing therapies in Crohn's disease.
United European gastroenterology journalDeucravacitinib: First Approval.
DrugsGut microbes in cerebrovascular diseases: Gut flora imbalance, potential impact mechanisms and promising treatment strategies.
Frontiers in immunologyCross talk between the gut microbiome and host immune response in ulcerative colitis: nonpharmacological strategies to improve homeostasis.
American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiologyWhy targeted therapeutics have provided benefit in psoriasis: looking at IL-17 biology.
Expert review of clinical pharmacology[Update on the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease].
Acta gastroenterologica LatinoamericanaPopulation Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Analyses of Ustekinumab in Patients With Moderately to Severely Active Crohn's Disease.
Clinical therapeuticsClinical Features and Outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Spondyloarthropathies.
The Turkish journal of gastroenterology : the official journal of Turkish Society of GastroenterologySafety and efficacy of infliximab and corticosteroid therapy in checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeuticsEosinophilic oesophagitis in Denmark: Population-based incidence and prevalence in a nationwide study from 2008 to 2018.
United European gastroenterology journalConcomitant Guillain-Barré Syndrome in a young Sri Lankan male with severe ulcerative colitis.
BMC gastroenterologyCharacteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases in patients with concurrent immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
World journal of gastroenterologySubtyping of Eosinophilic Esophagitis Based on Disease Presentation in a pediatric Cohort.
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition[Celiac crisis and acute tetany in pediatrics. Case report].
Revista de gastroenterologia del Peru : organo oficial de la Sociedad de Gastroenterologia del PeruCeliac Disease and Targeting the Molecular Mechanisms of Autoimmunity in COVID Pandemic.
International journal of molecular sciencesRisks of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Immune Response to COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current Evidence.
Frontiers in immunologySystemic calcinosis in a Quarter Horse gelding homozygous for a myosin heavy chain 1 mutation.
Journal of veterinary internal medicineDepression and anxiety in inflammatory bowel disease: epidemiology, mechanisms and treatment.
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatologyNovel Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker, Tegoprazan, Protects Against Colitis by Improving Gut Barrier Function.
Frontiers in immunologyTacrolimus-binding protein FKBP8 directs myosin light chain kinase-dependent barrier regulation and is a potential therapeutic target in Crohn's disease.
GutThe association between intestinal microbiome and autoimmune uveitis.
Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de OftalmologiaGelNB molecular coating as a biophysical barrier to isolate intestinal irritating metabolites and regulate intestinal microbial homeostasis in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Bioactive materialsExacerbation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced enteropathy in C-C chemokine receptor type 7-deficient mice.
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatologyReview article: paradoxical psoriasis as a consequence of tumour necrosis factor antagonists in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeuticsInflammatory Bowel Diseases Affect the Phenotype and Disease Course of Coexisting Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.
Inflammatory bowel diseasesA specific microbiota signature is associated to various degrees of ulcerative colitis as assessed by a machine learning approach.
Gut microbesSARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pneumonia patient treated with two doses of infliximab within 2 weeks for acute severe ulcerative colitis: A case report.
MedicineGut Microbiome and Organ Fibrosis.
Nutrients[Management of persistent colitis after successful immunotherapy for non-small cell carcinoma of the lung].
Zeitschrift fur GastroenterologieExtra-Intestinal Manifestations of Celiac Disease: What Should We Know in 2022?
Journal of clinical medicineImpact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapies on Durability of Humoral Response to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination.
Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological AssociationConcomitant Congenital Diaphagmatic Hernia (CDH) and bilateral bacterial glomerulonephritis in a pet chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera).
BMC veterinary researchPediatric autoimmune disorders with gastrointestinal expressions: from bench to bedside.
PathologicaUpdate on Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES).
Acta bio-medica : Atenei ParmensisRemote regulation of type 2 immunity by intestinal parasites.
Seminars in immunologyA Manifestation of Ulcerative Colitis During Treatment for Severe Plaque Psoriasis with Ixekizumab - A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature.
Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica : ADCTherapies for inflammatory bowel disease do not pose additional risks for adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection: an IG-IBD study.
Alimentary pharmacology & therapeuticsNovel Presentation of Terminal Ileitis Associated with Secukinumab Therapy.
Case reports in gastrointestinal medicinePropionate attenuates atherosclerosis by immune-dependent regulation of intestinal cholesterol metabolism.
European heart journalImpact of COVID-19 on inflammatory bowel disease practice and perspectives for the future.
World journal of gastroenterologyKIR3DS1 directs NK cell-mediated protection against human adenovirus infections.
Science immunologyAssociações
Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Targeting MLCK1 uncouples immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis from antitumour immunity.
- Colon chaos: when drugs turn against your gut.
- Janus Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Acne in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An International, Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association· 2026· PMID 40505791mais citado
- Omental band induced bowel ischemia following combination immunotherapy in a patient with renal cell cancer.
- The Role of APOL1 in Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Its Promise as a Diagnostic Biomarker.
- Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT): An Immunopathogenic Model of Dysregulated Vaccine-Triggered Immunity.
- Contribution of molecular profiling in primary cervical intramedullary melanoma: case report and literature review.
- Optimal Corticosteroid Therapy Based on Liver Biopsy for Severe Immune-Mediated Hepatitis During Pembrolizumab Treatment: A Case Report.
- Immune-mediated side effects of cancer immunotherapies.
- Subacute liver failure caused by immunotherapy in a patient with gastric cancer was improved after multimodal treatment with artificial liver combined with liver-protective drugs: a case report.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:94075(Orphanet)
- MONDO:0019787(MONDO)
- GARD:8689(GARD (NIH))
- Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Q17130915(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
