Deficiência genética de qualquer componente do complexo de ataque à membrana (MAC, também conhecido como complexo de componentes terminais (TCC)) do sistema complemento (C5, C6, C7, C8, C9). As deficiências da via terminal do complemento resultam numa predisposição para infecções, tais como doença meningocócica invasiva ou infecção gonocócica disseminada.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
Deficiência genética de qualquer componente do complexo de ataque à membrana (MAC, também conhecido como complexo de componentes terminais (TCC)) do sistema complemento (C5, C6, C7, C8, C9). As deficiências da via terminal do complemento resultam numa predisposição para infecções, tais como doença meningocócica invasiva ou infecção gonocócica disseminada.
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 9 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 12 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Genes associados
7 genes identificados com associação a esta condição.
Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:22267737, PubMed:22832194, PubMed:26841837, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:30552328, PubMed:39914456, PubMe
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 6 deficiency
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:17872444, PubMed:22832194, PubMed:26841837, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328, PubMed:7440581). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:17872444, PubMed
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 8 deficiency, 1
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:22832194, PubMed:26841837, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328, PubMed:3335508). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:22832194, PubMed:30552328, PubMed
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 7 deficiency
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:22832194, PubMed:26841837, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328, PubMed:7440581). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:30552328, PubMed:39914456, PubMed
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 8 deficiency, 2
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
Precursor of the C5a anaphylatoxin and complement C5b components of the complement pathways, which consist in a cascade of proteins that leads to phagocytosis and breakdown of pathogens and signaling that strengthens the adaptive immune system (PubMed:12878586, PubMed:18204047, PubMed:30643019, PubMed:6554279). Activated downstream of classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:12878586, PubMed:18204047, PubMed:30643019, PubMed:39914456, PubMed:39814882, PubMed:6554279) C
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 5 deficiency
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections, predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis.
Component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:26841837, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK complement pathways (PubMed:30552328, PubMed:39914456, PubMed:39814882). The complement pathwa
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Pore-forming component of the membrane attack complex (MAC), a multiprotein complex activated by the complement cascade, which inserts into a target cell membrane and forms a pore, leading to target cell membrane rupture and cell lysis (PubMed:22832194, PubMed:26841837, PubMed:26841934, PubMed:27052168, PubMed:30552328, PubMed:6177822, PubMed:9212048, PubMed:9634479). The MAC is initiated by proteolytic cleavage of C5 into complement C5b in response to the classical, alternative, lectin and GZMK
SecretedTarget cell membrane
Complement component 9 deficiency
A rare defect of the complement classical pathway associated with susceptibility to severe recurrent infections predominantly by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitidis. Some patients may develop dermatomyositis.
Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)
266 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.
Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)
Distribuição de 1 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.
Vias biológicas (Reactome)
5 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Deficiência dos componentes tardios do complemento (C5 to C9)
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Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.
Pesquisa ativa
Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes
Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos
Nenhum ensaio clínico registrado para esta condição.
Publicações mais relevantes
Approach to primary immunodeficiency.
Primary immunodeficiency diseases are inherited defects of the innate or adaptive arms of the immune system that lead to an increase in the incidence, frequency, or severity of infections and/or immune dysregulation. There may be defects in the adaptive arm of the immune system, including combined immunodeficiencies and antibody deficiency syndromes, or abnormalities in innate immunity, such as defects of phagocytes, the complement pathway, or toll-like receptor mediated signaling. Recurrent sinopulmonary infections with encapsulated bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae type B or Streptococcus pneumoniae may be characteristic of an antibody deficiency syndrome. Frequent viral, fungal, or protozoal infections may suggest T lymphocyte impairment. Multiple Staphylococcus skin infections and fungal infections may imply neutrophil dysfunction or the Hyper-IgE syndrome, and recurrent Neisseria infection is a characteristic manifestation of late complement component (C5-9, or the membrane attack complex) defects. Recurrent viral or pyogenic bacterial infections, often without the presence of a significant inflammatory response, suggest a defect in toll-like receptor signaling. Mycobacterial infections are characteristic of defects in the interleukin (IL) 12/interferon γ pathway. Screening of newborns for T-cell lymphopenia by using polymerase chain reaction to amplify T-cell receptor excision circles, which are formed when a T cell rearranges the variable region of its receptor, serves as a surrogate for newly synthesized naive T cells. Because of very low numbers of T-cell receptor excision circles, severe combined immunodeficiency, 22q11.2 syndrome, and other causes of T-cell lymphopenia have been identified in newborns.
Multi-component meningococcal serogroup B (MenB)-4C vaccine induces effective opsonophagocytic killing in children with a complement deficiency.
Vaccination against meningococcal serogroup B is recommended for patients with a complement deficiency; however, although immunogenicity in this patient group has been shown, efficacy has not yet been established. In this study, we collected serum from children with a complement deficiency in the alternative pathway or in late terminal pathway before and after vaccination with multi-component meningococcal serogroup B (MenB)-4C. MenB-4C is a multi-component, protein-based vaccine against MenB consisting of factor H-binding protein, Neisserial heparin-binding protein, Neisserial adhesion A and outer membrane vesicles containing Porin A. We assessed the vaccine immunogenicity and vaccine-mediated protection by a whole cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B strains H44/76, 5/99 and NZ98/254, which shows that vaccination induced antibody titers against meningococcus. We show that the classical serum bactericidal activity assay with exogenous serum indicates the presence of vaccine-induced antibodies and capacity to activate complement-mediated pathogen lysis. However, in children with a late terminal pathway deficiency, no complement-mediated pathogen lysis was observed when autologous serum was applied in the serum bactericidal activity assay, demonstrating a lack of serum bactericidal activity in children with complement deficiencies. However, MenB-4C vaccination still induced effective complement-dependent opsonophagocytic killing against N. meningitidis serogroup B in reconstituted whole blood with autologous serum from children with an alternative pathway or late terminal pathway deficiency. These findings support the recommendation to vaccinate all complement-deficient children against MenB.
Publicações recentes
Gene polymorphisms within regions of complement component C1q in HIV associated preeclampsia.
Multi-component meningococcal serogroup B (MenB)-4C vaccine induces effective opsonophagocytic killing in children with a complement deficiency.
Deficiencies and excessive human complement system activation in disorders of multifarious etiology.
Complement-HIV interactions during all steps of viral pathogenesis.
Properdin deficiency in a boy with fulminant meningococcal septic shock.
Associações
Organizações que acompanham esta doença — pra ter apoio e orientação
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Approach to primary immunodeficiency.
- Multi-component meningococcal serogroup B (MenB)-4C vaccine induces effective opsonophagocytic killing in children with a complement deficiency.
- Gene polymorphisms within regions of complement component C1q in HIV associated preeclampsia.
- Deficiencies and excessive human complement system activation in disorders of multifarious etiology.
- Complement-HIV interactions during all steps of viral pathogenesis.
- Properdin deficiency in a boy with fulminant meningococcal septic shock.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:169150(Orphanet)
- MONDO:0015700(MONDO)
- GARD:17050(GARD (NIH))
- Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Q18557854(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
