Raras
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Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica familiar
ORPHA:540CID-10 · D76.1CID-11 · 4A01.23DOENÇA RARA

É um caso de linfo-histiocitose hemofagocítica (LHH) causado por uma alteração genética que a pessoa herdou.

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Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

É um caso de linfo-histiocitose hemofagocítica (LHH) causado por uma alteração genética que a pessoa herdou.

Pesquisas ativas
5 ensaios
15 total registrados no ClinicalTrials.gov
Publicações científicas
569 artigos
Último publicado: 2026 Mar 19

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
Unknown
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Worldwide
Início
Adolescent
+ infancy
🏥
SUS: Sem cobertura SUSScore: 0%
CID-10: D76.1
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Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

🧠
Neurológico
24 sintomas
🩸
Sangue
19 sintomas
🧬
Pele e cabelo
14 sintomas
👁️
Olhos
10 sintomas
🫃
Digestivo
9 sintomas
🛡️
Imunológico
8 sintomas

+ 91 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

90%prev.
Anemia
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Anormalidade da secreção do fator de necrose tumoral
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Concentração elevada de transaminase hepática circulante
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Febre
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Hemofagocitose
Muito frequente (99-80%)
90%prev.
Anormalidade do nível sérico de citocinas
Muito frequente (99-80%)
204sintomas
Muito frequente (12)
Frequente (20)
Ocasional (12)
Muito raro (1)
Sem dados (159)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 204 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

Anemia
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Anormalidade da secreção do fator de necrose tumoralAbnormality of tumor necrosis factor secretion
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
Concentração elevada de transaminase hepática circulanteElevated circulating hepatic transaminase concentration
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
FebreFever
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%
HemofagocitoseHemophagocytosis
Muito frequente (99-80%)90%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Total histórico569PubMed
Últimos 10 anos200publicações
Pico202430 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026🧪 2000Primeiro ensaio clínico📈 2024Ano de pico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

Genes associados

9 genes identificados com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Autosomal recessive.

UNC13DProtein unc-13 homolog DDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Plays a role in cytotoxic granule exocytosis in lymphocytes. Required for both granule maturation and granule docking and priming at the immunologic synapse. Regulates assembly of recycling and late endosomal structures, leading to the formation of an endosomal exocytic compartment that fuses with perforin-containing granules at the immunologic synapse and licences them for exocytosis. Regulates Ca(2+)-dependent secretory lysosome exocytosis in mast cells

LOCALIZAÇÃO

CytoplasmMembraneLate endosomeRecycling endosomeLysosome

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Neutrophil degranulation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 3

A rare disorder characterized by immune dysregulation with hypercytokinemia, defective function of natural killer cell, and massive infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. The clinical features of the disease include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and less frequently neurological abnormalities ranging from irritability and hypotonia to seizures, cranial nerve deficits and ataxia.

VIAS REACTOME (1)
EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Sangue
124.8 TPM
Baço
103.6 TPM
Pulmão
73.5 TPM
Linfócitos
59.8 TPM
Nervo tibial
38.4 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 3hereditary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
HGNC:23147UniProt:Q70J99
AP3B1AP-3 complex subunit beta-1Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inRestrito
FUNÇÃO

Subunit of non-clathrin- and clathrin-associated adaptor protein complex 3 (AP-3) that plays a role in protein sorting in the late-Golgi/trans-Golgi network (TGN) and/or endosomes. The AP complexes mediate both the recruitment of clathrin to membranes and the recognition of sorting signals within the cytosolic tails of transmembrane cargo molecules. AP-3 appears to be involved in the sorting of a subset of transmembrane proteins targeted to lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles. In concert w

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Cytoplasmic vesicle, clathrin-coated vesicle membraneGolgi apparatus

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Golgi Associated Vesicle Biogenesis
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 2

A form of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding due to platelet storage pool deficiency, and lysosomal storage defects. This syndrome results from defects of diverse cytoplasmic organelles including melanosomes, platelet dense granules and lysosomes. Ceroid storage in the lungs is associated with pulmonary fibrosis, a common cause of premature death in individuals with HPS. HPS2 differs from the other forms of HPS in that it includes immunodeficiency in its phenotype and patients with HPS2 have an increased susceptibility to infections.

OUTRAS DOENÇAS (1)
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 2
HGNC:566UniProt:O00203
RC3H1Roquin-1Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inAltamente restrito
FUNÇÃO

Post-transcriptional repressor of mRNAs containing a conserved stem loop motif, called constitutive decay element (CDE), which is often located in the 3'-UTR, as in HMGXB3, ICOS, IER3, NFKBID, NFKBIZ, PPP1R10, TNF, TNFRSF4 and in many more mRNAs (PubMed:25026078, PubMed:31636267). Cleaves translationally inactive mRNAs harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-independent manner (By similarity). Binds to CDE and promotes

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Cytoplasm, P-bodyCytoplasmic granule

MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Immune dysregulation and systemic hyperinflammation syndrome

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by systemic hyperinflammation in the absence of an infectious agent or autoimmune trigger. Features include lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, recurrent fever, and laboratory evidence of immune dysregulation with abnormal immune cell populations and increased serum levels of inflammatory cytokines.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
17.6 TPM
Cerebelo
15.3 TPM
Fallopian Tube
13.4 TPM
Pulmão
13.2 TPM
Baço
13.1 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (1)
hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 6
HGNC:HGNC:29434UniProt:Q5TC82
RAB27ARas-related protein Rab-27ADisease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

The small GTPases Rab are key regulators of intracellular membrane trafficking, from the formation of transport vesicles to their fusion with membranes. Rabs cycle between an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form that is able to recruit to membranes different sets of downstream effectors directly responsible for vesicle formation, movement, tethering and fusion (PubMed:30771381). RAB27A regulates homeostasis of late endocytic pathway, including endosomal positioning, maturation an

LOCALIZAÇÃO

MembraneMelanosomeLate endosomeLysosome

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (2)
RAB geranylgeranylationInsulin processing
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Griscelli syndrome 2

Rare autosomal recessive disorder that results in pigmentary dilution of the skin and hair, the presence of large clumps of pigment in hair shafts, and an accumulation of melanosomes in melanocytes. GS2 patients also develop an uncontrolled T-lymphocyte and macrophage activation syndrome, known as hemophagocytic syndrome, leading to death in the absence of bone marrow transplantation. Neurological impairment is present in some patients, likely as a result of hemophagocytic syndrome.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Sangue
45.3 TPM
Pituitária
44.8 TPM
Pulmão
38.4 TPM
Próstata
31.2 TPM
Aorta
29.4 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (1)
Griscelli syndrome type 2
HGNC:9766UniProt:P51159
LYSTLysosomal-trafficking regulatorDisease-causing germline mutation(s) inRestrito
FUNÇÃO

Adapter protein that regulates and/or fission of intracellular vesicles such as lysosomes (PubMed:11984006, PubMed:25216107). Might regulate trafficking of effectors involved in exocytosis (PubMed:25425525). In cytotoxic T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, has role in the regulation of size, number and exocytosis of lytic granules (PubMed:26478006). In macrophages and dendritic cells, regulates phagosome maturation by controlling the conversion of early phagosomal compartments into late phago

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Cytoplasm

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (3)
RUNX2 regulates osteoblast differentiationFormation of the anterior neural plateFormation of the posterior neural plate
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Chediak-Higashi syndrome

A rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypopigmentation, severe immunologic deficiency, a bleeding tendency, neurologic abnormalities, abnormal intracellular transport to and from the lysosome, and giant inclusion bodies in a variety of cell types. Most patients die at an early age unless they receive an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT).

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
14.6 TPM
Cerebelo
14.6 TPM
Nervo tibial
12.8 TPM
Tecido adiposo
12.7 TPM
Skin Not Sun Exposed Suprapubic
12.2 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
Chediak-Higashi syndromeattenuated Chédiak-Higashi syndrome
HGNC:1968UniProt:Q99698
BLOC1S6Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1 subunit 6Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Component of the BLOC-1 complex, a complex that is required for normal biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles (LRO), such as platelet dense granules and melanosomes. In concert with the AP-3 complex, the BLOC-1 complex is required to target membrane protein cargos into vesicles assembled at cell bodies for delivery into neurites and nerve terminals. The BLOC-1 complex, in association with SNARE proteins, is also proposed to be involved in neurite extension. May play a role in intracellular ve

LOCALIZAÇÃO

CytoplasmMembrane

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Golgi Associated Vesicle Biogenesis
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 9

A form of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding due to platelet storage pool deficiency, and lysosomal storage defects. This syndrome results from defects of diverse cytoplasmic organelles including melanosomes, platelet dense granules and lysosomes. Ceroid storage in the lungs is associated with pulmonary fibrosis, a common cause of premature death in individuals with HPS.

OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 9Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 7
HGNC:8549UniProt:Q9UL45
STX11Syntaxin-11Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

SNARE that acts to regulate protein transport between late endosomes and the trans-Golgi network

LOCALIZAÇÃO

MembraneGolgi apparatus, trans-Golgi network membrane

MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 4

A rare disorder characterized by immune dysregulation with hypercytokinemia, defective function of natural killer cell, and massive infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. The clinical features of the disease include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and less frequently neurological abnormalities ranging from irritability and hypotonia to seizures, cranial nerve deficits and ataxia.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Sangue
57.7 TPM
Pulmão
41.2 TPM
Linfócitos
39.2 TPM
Adipose Visceral Omentum
36.7 TPM
Tecido adiposo
27.1 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 4hereditary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
HGNC:11429UniProt:O75558
PRF1Perforin-1Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Pore-forming protein that plays a key role in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death, and in defense against virus-infected or neoplastic cells (PubMed:20889983, PubMed:21037563, PubMed:24558045, PubMed:9058810, PubMed:9164947). Plays an important role in killing other cells that are recognized as non-self by the immune system, e.g. in transplant rejection or some forms of autoimmune disease (PubMed:9058810). Can insert into the membrane of target cells in its calcium-bound form, oligomerize an

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Cytolytic granuleSecretedCell membraneEndosome lumen

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (1)
Nuclear events stimulated by ALK signaling in cancer
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 2

A rare disorder characterized by immune dysregulation with hypercytokinemia, defective function of natural killer cell, and massive infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. The clinical features of the disease include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and less frequently neurological abnormalities ranging from irritability and hypotonia to seizures, cranial nerve deficits and ataxia.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Sangue
119.4 TPM
Baço
84.6 TPM
Pulmão
28.8 TPM
Intestino delgado
8.4 TPM
Adipose Visceral Omentum
7.5 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (6)
lymphoma, non-Hodgkin, familialfamilial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 2aplastic anemiahereditary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
HGNC:9360UniProt:P14222
STXBP2Syntaxin-binding protein 2Disease-causing germline mutation(s) inTolerante
FUNÇÃO

Involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking and vesicle fusion with membranes. Contributes to the granule exocytosis machinery through interaction with soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins that regulate membrane fusion. Regulates cytotoxic granule exocytosis in natural killer (NK) cells

LOCALIZAÇÃO

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (2)
Other interleukin signalingPlatelet degranulation
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, familial, 5, with or without microvillus inclusion disease

A rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by immune dysregulation with hypercytokinemia, defective function of natural killer cell, and massive infiltration of several organs by activated lymphocytes and macrophages. The clinical features of the disease include fever, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenia, and less frequently neurological abnormalities ranging from irritability and hypotonia to seizures, cranial nerve deficits and ataxia. Some patients may present in early infancy with severe diarrhea, prior to the onset of typical FHL features, whereas others present later in childhood and have a more protracted course without diarrhea. The early-onset diarrhea is due to enteropathy reminiscent of microvillus inclusion disease.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Sangue
274.3 TPM
Baço
123.5 TPM
Testículo
99.9 TPM
Pulmão
94.5 TPM
Glândula salivar
76.0 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (2)
familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 5hereditary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
HGNC:11445UniProt:Q15833

Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)

1,180 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.

🧬 UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.1822del (p.Val608fs) ()
🧬 UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.2735G>A (p.Gly912Glu) ()
🧬 UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.1274del (p.Pro425fs) ()
🧬 UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.56_63del (p.Ile19fs) ()
🧬 UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.2831-2_2831-1del ()
Ver todas no ClinVar

Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)

Distribuição de 3,851 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.

1733
2118
VUS (45.0%)
Benigna (55.0%)
VARIANTES MAIS SIGNIFICATIVAS
PRF1: NM_001083116.3(PRF1):c.1193A>G (p.His398Arg) [Uncertain significance]
STXBP2: NM_006949.4(STXBP2):c.38-3C>A [Uncertain significance]
STXBP2: NM_006949.4(STXBP2):c.1379T>C (p.Leu460Pro) [Uncertain significance]
UNC13D: NM_199242.3(UNC13D):c.321+6C>T [Uncertain significance]
STXBP2: NM_006949.4(STXBP2):c.899C>G (p.Ser300Cys) [Uncertain significance]

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

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Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

Pipeline de tratamentos
Pipeline regulatório — de medicamentos já aprovados a drogas em pesquisa exploratória.
Aprovado1
3Fase 31
2Fase 23
1Fase 11
·Pré-clínico5
Medicamentos catalogadosEnsaios clínicos· 0 medicamentos · 11 ensaios
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Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica familiar

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Selecione um estado ou use sua localização para ver resultados.

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Pesquisa ativa

Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes

Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos

15 ensaios clínicos encontrados, 5 ativos.

Distribuição por fase
Ver todos no ClinicalTrials.gov
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Publicações mais relevantes

🥇Melhor nível de evidência: Revisão sistemática
Timeline de publicações
270 papers (10 anos)
#1

Biallelic STEAP3 Variant in Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Clinical genetics2026 Jan 20

STEAP3 (Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate 3), a metalloreductase, plays a key role in various cell processes, including iron homeostasis, inflammation, and cancer promotion. Over a decade ago, researchers reported a single, heterozygous nonsense variant in STEAP3 linked to transfusion-dependent severe hypochromic anemia. However, a later large population study on STEAP3 found no phenotypic red cell changes in heterozygous individuals. While the genotype and phenotype of STEAP3 are tentatively established for hypochromic microcytic anemia with autosomal dominant inheritance (MIM: 615234), we describe an autosomal recessive form of STEAP3-related neonatal familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). We expanded the phenotype to include cytopenia and neonatal HLH. Our report on two affected male siblings highlights the expanded phenotype, clarifies the phenotypic spectrum of STEAP3, and broadens its genetic inheritance, ultimately providing a clinical and molecular workup for neonatal patients with unexplained HLH.

#2

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma in adult-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 and heterozygous LRBA mutation.

Haematologica2026 Mar 19

Not available.

#3

A Case of a Novel Perforin Gene Variant in Severe Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 (FHL2).

Case reports in hematology2026

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome caused by excessive cytokine release from activated T cells and macrophages. Primary HLH, or familial HLH (FHL), results from genetic mutations affecting cytotoxic lymphocyte function. We present a case of FHL Type 2 (FHL2) caused by compound heterozygous variants in the PRF1 gene, including one novel missense variant of p.Ala21Val (A21V). A 5-month-old boy presented with persistent fever, pancytopenia, coagulopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, and elevated ferritin, meeting the HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria. Bone marrow revealed hemophagocytosis, and NK cell activity was markedly reduced. Genetic analysis identified compound heterozygous PRF1 variants: A21V and p.Pro16Ser (P16S). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated markedly reduced PRF1 protein expression in the patient's NK cells. The patient was treated with etoposide, dexamethasone palmitate, and cyclosporine, followed by cord blood transplantation. The patient has been in remission for over a year. The PRF1 A21V variant has not been described in the public database or the literature and is therefore considered a novel pathogenic variant for FHL2 with functional validation. Although the PRF1 P16S variant has been previously reported in the heterozygous state in an adult patient with primary HLH, our findings provide functional and clinical evidence supporting a contributory role of the P16S variant in autosomal recessive early-onset FHL2 when present in trans with the novel A21V variant. We identified a previously unreported PRF1 variant, A21V, and provided the first functional evidence of impaired perforin expression associated with A21V/P16S, highlighting the importance of functional validation of rare PRF1 variants in FHL2.

#4

Two Cases of CLIPPERS-like Syndrome Sharing a Hypomorphic UNC13D Variant.

Journal of clinical immunology2026 Mar 04

Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS) syndrome is a central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory disease characterized by contrast-enhanced MRI findings of salt-and-pepper-like lesions predominantly affecting the brainstem and cerebellum. We report two patients with CLIPPERS-like brain MRI findings who carried the same missense UNC13D variant in one allele along with deleterious variants in the opposite allele. Patient 1, a 23-year-old female, presented at 15 years of age with neurological symptoms and an MRI showing spontaneously resolving, contrast-enhancing lesions in the cerebellum. At age 16, the patient experienced an episode with systemic manifestations followed by recurrent CNS lesions that responded to steroid therapy. At age 22, the patient developed punctate to nodular contrast-enhancing lesions in the brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum, findings consistent with CLIPPERS. Patient 2, an 18-year-old female, presented at age 11 with ataxia and dysarthria, and an MRI showing multiple contrast-enhancing lesions in the cerebellum and brainstem, consistent with CLIPPERS MRI findings. Cerebellar biopsy revealed perivascular CD4+ T-lymphocyte infiltration, and the patient responded to steroid therapy, leading to an initial diagnosis of CLIPPERS. These patients were suspected of having inborn errors of immunity and were identified to have compound heterozygous UNC13D variants along with downregulated Munc13-4 protein. Both patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, with patient 1 remaining neurologically stable for two years post-transplantation, while patient 2 experienced a post-transplant relapse requiring steroid therapy. These cases highlight that biallelic variants in the UNC13D gene may cause CNS-predominant inflammation that mimics CLIPPERS. [Image: see text] The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10875-026-01988-1.

#5

Spectrum of Primary Immune Regulatory Disorders in Children in a Highly Consanguineous Population: Report from a National Registry.

Journal of clinical immunology2026 Feb 14

Primary Immune Regulatory Disorders (PIRDs) are caused by genetic defects resulting in diverse clinical manifestations. We aimed to present the spectrum of PIRDs in children in Kuwait. The data was obtained from the Kuwait National Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Registry (KNPIDR), and the patients were followed prospectively. 59 patients with PIRDs, constituting 14% of all patients registered in the KNPIDR, were included in this study. Most of the patients belonged to familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndromes (42.4%), followed by regulatory T cell defects subcategories (15.3%). The median ages at the onset of symptoms and diagnosis were 4 and 18 months, respectively. Parental consanguinity was documented in 88.1% of cases while family history of PIRDs in 45.7%. The most common clinical features were lymphoproliferation, hematologic manifestations, and infections, affecting 71.2%, 67.8%, and 47.5%, respectively. Genetic diagnosis was reached in 84.9% of the tested patients and the most common genes affected were STXBP2 followed by PRF1 and LYST. Most patients (88.8%) had autosomal recessive disease. 35.6% of the patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and a similar percentage received immunosuppressive and/or immunomodulating therapies. There was a total of 21 deaths (35.6%) with a median age at death of 36 months while the median time from diagnosis to death was 5 months. PIRDs are heterogenous group of disorders with complex disease phenotypes. Genetic testing should be done as soon as possible when these diseases are suspected since early diagnosis is crucial for proper therapeutic interventions.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC318 artigos no totalmostrando 193

2026

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma in adult-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 and heterozygous LRBA mutation.

Haematologica
2026

A Case of a Novel Perforin Gene Variant in Severe Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 (FHL2).

Case reports in hematology
2026

Two Cases of CLIPPERS-like Syndrome Sharing a Hypomorphic UNC13D Variant.

Journal of clinical immunology
2026

Spectrum of Primary Immune Regulatory Disorders in Children in a Highly Consanguineous Population: Report from a National Registry.

Journal of clinical immunology
2026

Successful reduced-intensity cord blood transplantation in infants with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2.

International journal of hematology
2026

Severe COVID-19 Unveils Atypical Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis due to a Novel Homozygous PRF1 Variant.

Case reports in immunology
2026

Biallelic STEAP3 Variant in Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Clinical genetics
2026

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 mimicking CLIPPERS syndrome.

Medicina clinica
2026

False-negative CMV PCR results due to viral sequence variation: a diagnostic pitfall with the potential for serious consequences.

ASM case reports
2025

Neonatal-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report with genetic confirmation of PRF1 mutations.

Frontiers in genetics
2026

Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria in a Neonate: Utility of Rapid Whole Genome Sequencing - A Case Report.

Neonatology
2025

Profound hematologic instability in consanguinity-associated familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a pediatric case report.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
2025

Germline Variants in the Immune Response-Related Genes: Possible Modifying Effect on Age-Dependent BRCA1 Penetrance in Breast Cancer Patient.

Cancers
2025

Adult Onset of Type 2 Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis After SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination with an Unusual Neurological Onset: The Great Mimic.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
2026

Clinical and neuroimaging features of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Pediatric radiology
2025

Rubella-associated granuloma in a patient with a compound heterozygous RAG1 defect and review of the literature.

Immunologic research
2025

Isolated Central Nervous System FHL3 in an Asian Pediatric Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Journal of inflammation research
2026

Late effects after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with HLH: A Histiocyte Society, PDWP, IEWP, and TCWP EBMT Study.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2025

Mortality rate and causes of death in inborn errors of immunity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research
2025

Late-onset hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with monoallelic STX11 mutation in an adult: a case report and rationale for early allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Annals of hematology
2025

UNC13D c.2588G>A Nucleotide Variant Impairs NK-Cell Cytotoxicity in Adult-Onset EBV-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Pedigree Study.

International journal of molecular sciences
2025

Case Report: FAS spontaneous mutation in a familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patient with a complex heterozygous mutation in PRF1.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Clinical and genetic features of UNC13D deficiency with hypogammaglobulinemia.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Molecular dynamics simulations of perforin mutations associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 among Indian patients.

International journal of biological macromolecules
2025

Ocular inflammation as the first presenting feature of PRF1-associated familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, case report and review of literature.

BMC ophthalmology
2025

Clinicopathological and Immunogenetic Characterization in 8 Patients with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2: A Study from North India with Literature Review.

Journal of clinical immunology
2025

Genetics of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).

Hematology/oncology clinics of North America
2025

Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Hematology/oncology clinics of North America
2025

Beyond genotype: challenges in predicting disease risk for carriers of biallelic perforin variants.

Blood
2025

T and NK cell functionality in a patient harboring heterozygous novel BCL11B p.Asp632fsAla∗91 and STX11 p.R129P mutations.

Heliyon
2025

Investigation of a pathogenic inversion in UNC13D and comprehensive analysis of chromosomal inversions across diverse datasets.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2025

Aggressive T-cell Lymphoma Smoldering As Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Diagnostic and Medical Challenge.

Cureus
2024

Functional role of UNC13D in immune diseases and its therapeutic applications.

Frontiers in immunology
2025

Serum cytokine panels in pediatric clinical practice.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2024

Teaching NeuroImage: Brain Biopsy Confirmed Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Masquerading as Demyelination.

Neurology
2024

Etoposide Therapy of Cytokine Storm Syndromes.

Advances in experimental medicine and biology
2024

Flow cytometry-based diagnostic approach for inborn errors of immunity: experience from Algeria.

Frontiers in immunology
2024

Diagnostic guidelines for familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis revisited.

Blood
2024

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Screening in Neonatal Sepsis.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2024

Enrichment of Rare Variants of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Genes in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2024

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in immunology
2024

Successful Second CBT for Graft Failure After First CBT for Adult-Onset Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 3: A Case Report.

Transplantation proceedings
2024

Genetic background of primary and familial HLH in Qatar: registry data and population study.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2024

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Premature Low Birth Weight Infant: a Rare Case Report.

Clinical laboratory
2024

Atypical familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3 in children: A report of cases and literature review.

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
2024

Patients and mice with deficiency in the SNARE protein SYNTAXIN-11 have a secondary B cell defect.

The Journal of experimental medicine
2024

Late-onset Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a survivor of Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

Leukemia research reports
2024

Corrigendum: HLH as an additional warning sign of inborn errors of immunity beyond familial-HLH in children: a systematic review.

Frontiers in immunology
2024

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (FHLH) Perforin Deficiency: A Case Study and Literature Review.

Cureus
2024

Early hematopoietic cell transplantation for familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a regional treatment network in Japan.

International journal of hematology
2024

HLH as an additional warning sign of inborn errors of immunity beyond familial-HLH in children: a systematic review.

Frontiers in immunology
2024

Germline defects of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-related genes presenting as adult-onset peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Frontiers in immunology
2024

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: from macrophage activation syndrome to CLIPPERS.

Journal of neurology
2024

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Due to PRF1 Mutation Triggered by Enterovirus.

Clinical pediatrics
2024

Uncovering the Relationship Between Genes and Phenotypes Beyond the Gut in Microvillus Inclusion Disease.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology
2024

Precise CRISPR-Cas9 gene repair in autologous memory T cells to treat familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Science immunology
2024

Detection of a novel gross deletion in the UNC13D gene ends the diagnostic odyssey for a family with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 3.

BMC pediatrics
2023

Role of the UNC13 family in human diseases: A literature review.

AIMS neuroscience
2024

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 Presenting With Isolated Facial Palsy.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2023

Case Report: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy rather than hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-the initial phenotype of PRF1 gene mutation.

Frontiers in immunology
2023

A Case of Fetal Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 5 caused by STXBP2 Gene Mutation.

Clinical laboratory
2023

Repeated pulmonary nodules as the primary symptom of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: a case report and review.

The Journal of international medical research
2024

Gene editing of hematopoietic stem cells restores T-cell response in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2023

The opposing effects of two gene defects in STX11 and SLP76 on the disease in a patient with an inborn error of immunity.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2023

Severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children with inborn errors of immunity (primary immunodeficiencies): a systematic review.

Allergy, asthma, and clinical immunology : official journal of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
2023

Approaching hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2023

First case of very late-onset FHL2 in Spain with two variants in the PRF1 gene.

Annals of clinical biochemistry
2023

Presentations and outcomes of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the pediatric intensive care units (PICUs).

Frontiers in pediatrics
2023

The Multifaceted Immunology of Cytokine Storm Syndrome.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
2023

Brain MRI Findings of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With a Heterozygous PRF1 Gene Mutation Masquerading As CLIPPERS: A Case Report.

Cureus
2023

Insights into the cellular pathophysiology of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2023

[Analysis of genetic variants in a patient with Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2023

Isolated Sixth Nerve Palsies in a Child With Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2.

Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
2022

Traffic jam within lymphocytes: A clinician's perspective.

Frontiers in immunology
2022

[Perforin gene mutation in middle-age onset hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

[Rinsho ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology
2023

Granulomatous inflammation and hypogammaglobulinemia: Clinical conundrum of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5.

Immunobiology
2022

Case report: Cerebellar swelling and hydrocephalus in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2023

Epstein-Barr virus-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma onset as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an infant.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2022

Case report: Optimized ruxolitinib-based therapy in an infant with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3.

Frontiers in immunology
2023

Monogenic inflammatory bowel disease with STXBP2 mutations is not resolved by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation but can be alleviated via immunosuppressive drug therapy.

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
2022

Misdiagnosis of adult primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis as NK/T-cell lymphoma: A case report.

EJHaem
2022

Carrier frequency and incidence estimation of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in East Asian populations by genome aggregation database (gnomAD) based analysis.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2022

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis secondary to UNC13D mutation: a report of two cases.

BMC pediatrics
2022

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis as an etiology of bone marrow failure.

Frontiers in oncology
2022

Child Neurology: Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Underlying Isolated CNS Inflammation.

Neurology
2022

Adult-Onset Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Presenting with Annular Erythema following COVID-19 Vaccination.

Vaccines
2022

UNC13D inhibits STING signaling by attenuating its oligomerization on the endoplasmic reticulum.

EMBO reports
2022

Pore-forming proteins and their role in cancer and inflammation: Mechanistic insights and plausible druggable targets.

Chemico-biological interactions
2022

Recurrent tandem duplication of UNC13D in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3.

Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
2023

Combined IFN-γ and JAK inhibition to treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in mice.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
2022

[Evaluation of CD107a and perforin expression detection in the diagnosis of primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
2022

High Prevalence of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Acute Liver Failure of Infancy.

The Journal of pediatrics
2023

Neonatal familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis diagnosed with ultrarapid whole-genome sequencing.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2022

[Analysis of clinical phenotype and genetic variant in a case of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type Ⅲ].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2022

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis hepatitis is mediated by IFN-γ in a predominantly hepatic-intrinsic manner.

PloS one
2022

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Gene Variants in Childhood-Onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Macrophage Activation Syndrome.

The Journal of rheumatology
2022

Inborn Errors of Immunity With Fetal or Perinatal Clinical Manifestations.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2022

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis syndrome due to lysinuric protein intolerance: a patient with a novel compound heterozygous pathogenic variant in SLC7A7.

International journal of hematology
2022

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3 presenting as neonatal cholestasis and splenomegaly.

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
2022

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis onset as central diabetes insipidus in a child.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2022

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With Heterozygous STX11 and Homozygous UNC13D Mutations Diagnosed in the Neonatal Period.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2022

Progressive lymphocytosis in familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia: a case report.

Journal of hematopathology
2022

Neonatal COVID and Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Pediatric emergency care
2022

A Rare STXBP2 Mutation in Severe COVID-19 and Secondary Cytokine Storm Syndrome.

Life (Basel, Switzerland)
2021

Neuroinflammation Associated With Inborn Errors of Immunity.

Frontiers in immunology
2022

Using a Minimal Parameter Set for Early Diagnosis of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Non-European Children.

The American journal of case reports
2021

Covid-19 in a patient with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in children.

The Turkish journal of pediatrics
2021

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to PRF1 Mutation.

Case reports in hematology
2021

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a neonate: Case report and literature review.

Medicine
2021

RF1 Gene Mutation in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis 2: A Family Report and Literature Review.

Pharmacogenomics and personalized medicine
2022

Isolated central nervous system familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (fHLH) presenting as a mimic of demyelination in children.

Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
2021

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: an entity leading to early death.

Annales de biologie clinique
2021

Case Report: Characterizing the Role of the STXBP2-R190C Monoallelic Mutation Found in a Patient With Hemophagocytic Syndrome and Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2022

Consensus-Based Guidelines for the Recognition, Diagnosis, and Management of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Critically Ill Children and Adults.

Critical care medicine
2021

NBAS Variants Are Associated with Quantitative and Qualitative NK and B Cell Deficiency.

Journal of clinical immunology
2021

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 in a female Chinese neonate: A case report and review of the literature.

World journal of clinical cases
2021

Germline Compound Heterozygous Variants Identified in the STXBP2 Gene Leading to a Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 5: A Case Report.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2021

[Sucecesfull bone marrow transplantation in a case of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3].

Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria
2021

Genetic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Blood research
2021

Exploring the Intersection of Isolated-CNS Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Pediatric Chronic Lymphocytic Inflammation With Pontine Perivascular Enhancement Responsive to Steroids.

Journal of child neurology
2021

Multiple-Organ Involvement in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 Shown on FDG PET/CT.

Clinical nuclear medicine
2021

Adult onset type 2 familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with PRF1 c.65delC/c.163C>T compound heterozygous mutations: A case report.

World journal of clinical cases
2021

A case of fetal-onset type 3 familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis surviving without severe complications after early diagnosis and treatment.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2021

The Spectrum of Clinical, Immunological, and Molecular Findings in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Experience From India.

Frontiers in immunology
2021

Successful management of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis by the JAK 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2021

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Gene Mutations in Adult Patients Presenting With CLIPPERS-Like Syndrome.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology &amp; neuroinflammation
2021

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis induced by SARS-CoV-2.

Pediatric hematology and oncology
2021

Exome sequencing detected an extremely rare case of foetal onset familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5 presenting with hydrops foetalis.

BMC medical genomics
2021

Systemic and Nodular Hyperinflammation in a Patient with Refractory Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis 2.

Journal of clinical immunology
2021

Familial Mediterranean Fever After Cord Blood Transplantation for Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2021

Co-Occurrence of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 and Chronic Active Epstein-Barr Virus in Adulthood.

The American journal of the medical sciences
2021

Predicting Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients at Diagnosis.

The Journal of rheumatology
2020

STXBP2-R190C Variant in a Patient With Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and G6PD Deficiency Reveals a Critical Role of STXBP2 Domain 2 on Granule Exocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2021

SNAREs and developmental disorders.

Journal of cellular physiology
2020

A Cry for the Development of Newborn Screening for Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Journal of clinical immunology
2021

Unraveling subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: An association between subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, and familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Journal of cutaneous pathology
2021

Clinical, immunological and genetic findings in patients with UNC13D deficiency (FHL3): A systematic review.

Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
2020

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 in a Chinese Infant with PRF1 Homozygous Mutation: a Case Report.

Clinical laboratory
2020

[Clinical study of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on 15 cases of adult-onset primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi
2020

Neuroinflammatory Disease as an Isolated Manifestation of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Journal of clinical immunology
2020

Alternative UNC13D Promoter Encodes a Functional Munc13-4 Isoform Predominantly Expressed in Lymphocytes and Platelets.

Frontiers in immunology
2021

Prenatal diagnosis of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: morphological findings in the product of conception.

Annals of hematology
2020

Trigger-dependent differences determine therapeutic outcome in murine primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

European journal of immunology
2020

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 3.

Indian journal of pediatrics
2020

UNC13D mutation presenting as fulminant familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi
2020

Neurological symptoms of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2.

Journal of integrative neuroscience
2020

Lentiviral Gene Therapy for Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 3, Caused by UNC13D Genetic Defects.

Human gene therapy
2020

Neurologic Manifestations as Initial Clinical Presentation of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type2 Due to PRF1 Mutation in Chinese Pediatric Patients.

Frontiers in genetics
2020

T Cell Depleted Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Who Do Not Have Matched Family Donors: Experience in Oman.

Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
2020

FHLdb: A Comprehensive Database on the Molecular Basis of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2020

[Analysis of Human Herpes Viruses-Activated Infection Spectra in Patients with Various Immunodeficiencies].

Zhongguo shi yan xue ye xue za zhi
2020

Flow Cytometry for the Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases: A Single Center Experience.

Allergy, asthma &amp; immunology research
2020

Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Rare Mutation of STXBP2 in Exon 19.

Journal of pediatric genetics
2020

Molecular analysis of the novel L243R mutation in STXBP2 reveals impairment of degranulation activity.

International journal of hematology
2019

Type 5 Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Seven-year-old Girl Post Second Bone Marrow Transplantation with Failure to Thrive: STXBP2 Novel Mutation.

Cureus
2020

Three Consecutive Cases of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Including a Case Due to Maternal Uniparental Disomy.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2019

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a girl with a novel homozygous mutation of STX11: A case report.

Medicine
2020

Successful remission induction in refractory familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with ruxolitinib as a bridge to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2019

Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 5 in a Chinese Tibetan patient caused by a novel compound heterozygous mutation in STXBP2.

Medicine
2020

Different Clinical Presentation of 3 Children With Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis With 2 Novel Mutations.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2019

A human immune dysregulation syndrome characterized by severe hyperinflammation with a homozygous nonsense Roquin-1 mutation.

Nature communications
2019

Flow Cytometry for Diagnosis of Primary Immune Deficiencies-A Tertiary Center Experience From North India.

Frontiers in immunology
2019

Cytotoxic Granule Exocytosis From Human Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Is Mediated by VAMP7.

Frontiers in immunology
2019

Fatal familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with perforin gene (PRF1) mutation and EBV-associated T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the thyroid.

Autopsy &amp; case reports
2020

Genetic Deficiency of Interferon-γ Reveals Interferon-γ-Independent Manifestations of Murine Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Arthritis &amp; rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.)
2019

To Transplant or Not to Transplant? Late-Onset Primary HLH in a Patient: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2019

STX11-deficient familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 4 is associated with self-resolving flares and a milder clinical course.

Pediatric blood &amp; cancer
2019

Disturbances in NK Cells in Various Types of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Population of Polish Children.

Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology
2019

[Analysis of PRF1gene variant in a child with late-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 and severe central nervous system disease].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2019

Pediatric CNS-isolated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology &amp; neuroinflammation
2019

Retroviral UNC13D Gene Transfer Restores Cytotoxic Activity of T Cells Derived from Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 3 Patients In Vitro.

Human gene therapy
2019

Natural Killer Cell Degranulation Defect: A Cause for Impaired NK-Cell Cytotoxicity and Hyperinflammation in Fanconi Anemia Patients.

Frontiers in immunology
2019

Cross-regulation of defective endolysosome trafficking and enhanced autophagy through TFEB in UNC13D deficiency.

Autophagy
2019

Plcγ2/Tmem178 dependent pathway in myeloid cells modulates the pathogenesis of cytokine storm syndrome.

Journal of autoimmunity
2019

Central nervous system-restricted familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis responds to hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Blood advances
2019

Deficiency of perforin and hCNT1, a novel inborn error of pyrimidine metabolism, associated with a rapidly developing lethal phenotype due to multi-organ failure.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease
2018

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using reduced-intensity conditioning for pediatric patients with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Pediatric investigation
2018

Neurological Abnormality Could be the First and Only Symptom of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: Report of Two Families.

Chinese medical journal
2018

Cytologic Analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated T/Natural Killer-Cell Lymphoproliferative Diseases.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2018

Disruption of IL-33 Signaling Limits Early CD8+ T Cell Effector Function Leading to Exhaustion in Murine Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

Frontiers in immunology
2019

Liver-associated immune abnormalities.

Autoimmunity reviews
2018

Dynamic Formation of Microvillus Inclusions During Enterocyte Differentiation in Munc18-2-Deficient Intestinal Organoids.

Cellular and molecular gastroenterology and hepatology
2018

Histopathologic Correlates of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Isolated to the Central Nervous System.

Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology
2018

A Case of Recurrent Pregnancy-Induced Adult Onset Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

World journal of oncology
2018

Adult-onset hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 presenting as a demyelinating disease.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders
2018

Type 2 familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in half brothers: A case report.

Medicine
2018

Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate inflammatory response in an in vitro model of familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis 2.

Stem cell research &amp; therapy
2019

Adults with septic shock and extreme hyperferritinemia exhibit pathogenic immune variation.

Genes and immunity
2018

C2 Domains of Munc13-4 Are Crucial for Ca2+-Dependent Degranulation and Cytotoxicity in NK Cells.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
2018

Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and macrophage activation syndrome: update on pathogenesis and treatment.

Current opinion in rheumatology
2018

Synergistic defects of novo FAS and homozygous UNC13D leading to autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome-like disease: A 10-year-old Chinese boy case report.

Gene
2018

CD8 T Cell Memory Increases Immunopathology in the Perforin-Deficient Model of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to TNF-α.

ImmunoHorizons
2018

[Using target next-generation sequencing assay in diagnosing of 46 patients with suspected congenital anemias].

Zhonghua xue ye xue za zhi = Zhonghua xueyexue zazhi
Ver todos os 318 no EuropePMC

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Doenças relacionadas

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Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. Biallelic STEAP3 Variant in Neonatal Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.
    Clinical genetics· 2026· PMID 41556408mais citado
  2. Peripheral T-cell lymphoma in adult-onset familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2 and heterozygous LRBA mutation.
    Haematologica· 2026· PMID 41852350mais citado
  3. A Case of a Novel Perforin Gene Variant in Severe Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 2 (FHL2).
    Case reports in hematology· 2026· PMID 41809412mais citado
  4. Two Cases of CLIPPERS-like Syndrome Sharing a Hypomorphic UNC13D Variant.
    Journal of clinical immunology· 2026· PMID 41781714mais citado
  5. Spectrum of Primary Immune Regulatory Disorders in Children in a Highly Consanguineous Population: Report from a National Registry.
    Journal of clinical immunology· 2026· PMID 41688586mais citado
  6. Successful reduced-intensity cord blood transplantation in infants with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 2.
    Int J Hematol· 2026· PMID 41678000recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:540(Orphanet)
  2. MONDO:0015541(MONDO)
  3. GARD:6589(GARD (NIH))
  4. Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
  5. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  6. Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
  7. Q1642170(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica familiar
Compêndio · Raras BR

Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica familiar

ORPHA:540 · MONDO:0015541
Prevalência
Unknown
Herança
Autosomal recessive
CID-10
D76.1 · Linfohistiocitose hemofagocítica
CID-11
Ensaios
5 ativos
Início
Adolescent, Infancy
Prevalência
0.0 (Worldwide)
MedGen
UMLS
C0024291
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Wikipedia
Papers 10a
Evidência
🥇 Rev. sistemática
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