Síndrome do X frágil (SXF) é uma doença genética caracterizada por deficiência intelectual leve a moderada. Trata-se da principal síndrome hereditária de deficiência intelectual. O quociente de inteligência médio nos homens com a síndrome do X frágil é inferior a 55 e cerca de 2/3 das mulheres apresentam deficiência intelectual. Entre as características físicas mais comuns estão orelhas grandes e salientes, queixo e testa proeminentes, articulações flexíveis e testículos grandes. Cerca de um terço das pessoas afetadas apresenta características de autismo, como dificuldades de interação social e atraso na fala e cerca de 2% a 5% dos autistas podem ter a SXF. A hiperatividade é comum e em cerca de 10% dos casos ocorrem crises epilépticas.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
Síndrome rara autossômica recessiva associada ao gene ADAT3, caracterizada por atraso global do desenvolvimento, esotropia e hipotonia. Apresenta mielinização atrasada do SNC, impulsividade e déficit de crescimento.
Escala de raridade
<1/50kMuito rara
1/20kRara
1/10kPouco freq.
1/5kIncomum
1/2k
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 28 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 78 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Genes associados
1 gene identificado com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Autosomal recessive.
Non-catalytic subunit of the tRNA-specific adenosine-34 deaminase complex, composed of the ADAT2 catalytic subunit and the ADAT3 regulatory subunit, which deaminates adenosine-34 (the first, also called wobble position of the anticodon) to inosine in many tRNAs. Inosine-34 allows the decoding of 3 different nucleotides at the third position of mRNA codons, as inosine is able to pair with U, C, and A. Required for binding of the ADAT2-ADAT3 complex to tRNA through its N-terminus, which rotates wi
NucleusCytoplasm
Neurodevelopmental disorder with brain abnormalities, poor growth, and dysmorphic facies
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by global developmental delay, impaired intellectual development, and speech delay apparent from infancy or early childhood. Most patients have dysmorphic facial features, and white matter abnormalities on brain imaging. More variable features may include teeth anomalies, distal joint contractures, spasticity, peripheral neuropathy, and behavioral problems.
Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)
47 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.
Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)
Distribuição de 31 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.
Vias biológicas (Reactome)
1 via biológica associada aos genes desta condição.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome de perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual-estrabismo
Centros de Referência SUS
13 centros habilitados pelo SUS para Síndrome de perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual-estrabismo
Centros para Síndrome de perturbação do desenvolvimento intelectual-estrabismo
Detalhes dos centros
Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin
R. Tertuliano Sales, 544 - Vila União, Fortaleza - CE, 60410-794 · CNES 2407876
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Apoio de Brasília (HAB)
AENW 3 Lote A Setor Noroeste - Plano Piloto, Brasília - DF, 70684-831 · CNES 0010456
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Estadual Infantil e Maternidade Alzir Bernardino Alves (HIABA)
Av. Min. Salgado Filho, 918 - Soteco, Vila Velha - ES, 29106-010 · CNES 6631207
Serviço de Referência
Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG
Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte - MG, 30130-100 · CNES 2280167
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto
R. dos Mundurucus, 4487 - Guamá, Belém - PA, 66073-000 · CNES 2337878
Serviço de Referência
Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP)
R. dos Coelhos, 300 - Boa Vista, Recife - PE, 50070-902 · CNES 0000647
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Pequeno Príncipe
R. Des. Motta, 1070 - Água Verde, Curitiba - PR, 80250-060 · CNES 3143805
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR
R. Gen. Carneiro, 181 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba - PR, 80060-900 · CNES 2364980
Serviço de Referência
Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira (IFF/Fiocruz)
Av. Rui Barbosa, 716 - Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22250-020 · CNES 2269988
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)
Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Bloco A - Av. Protásio Alves, 211 - Bloco B e C - Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre - RS, 90035-903 · CNES 2237601
Serviço de Referência
Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP
R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo - SP, 05403-010 · CNES 2077485
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP
R. Vital Brasil, 251 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-888 · CNES 2748223
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto (HCRP-USP)
R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto - SP, 14015-010 · CNES 2082187
Serviço de Referência
Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.
Pesquisa ativa
Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes
Ensaios em destaque
Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos
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Znhit3 regulates p53/p21 signaling and governs cerebellar granule cell development.
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Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARIDMendelian randomization analysis of labor anesthesia and adverse neonatal outcomes.
The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal ObstetriciansUp-regulation of Minibrain/DYRK1A contributes to macrocephaly and brain overgrowth in a Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of AmericaA case of Kabuki syndrome with congenital pulmonary airway malformation.
Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical ResearchFirst Report of a Child With a DeSanto-Shinawi Syndrome and a Polymorphous Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AA novel CEP57 gene mutation in mosaic variegated aneuploidy syndrome 2: case report.
Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism : JPEMFactors impacting survival in individuals with Down syndrome-associated Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's AssociationFlexibility in the Modelling of Comparative Effectiveness in the Absence of Head-to-Head Comparisons in the NICE Single Technology Appraisal of Fenfluramine for Treating Seizures Associated with Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: An External Assessment Group Perspective.
PharmacoEconomicsDouble Crush Syndrome in Surgically-Treated Lumbosacral Radiculopathy: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Clinical Implications.
Spine surgery and related researchBörjeson-Forssman-Lehmann Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient: A Four-Year Longitudinal Case Report Focused on Functional Evolution and Rehabilitation.
CureusLong-term Oral Management for 2q37 Deletion Syndrome Patient.
The Bulletin of Tokyo Dental CollegeObstructive sleep apnea in adults with Down syndrome: body composition, metabolic profile and cognitive status.
Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)Convergence and divergence of molecular phenotypes in iPSC-derived models of 16p11.2 and 22q11.2 reciprocal copy number variants.
Current opinion in genetics & developmentHematologic indices in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: a retrospective case-control study.
International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngologyA novel iPSC model of Bryant-Li-Bhoj neurodevelopmental/neurodegenerative syndrome demonstrates the role of histone H3.3 in chromatin dynamics, neuronal differentiation, and maturation.
Journal of translational medicinePsilocybin improves novel object recognition in a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome through the modulation of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway.
Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of NeuropsychopharmacologyLongitudinal Behavior Phenotype Hallmarks in RNU4-2 Syndrome: Implications for Clinical Management.
American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric GeneticsExpanding the Evaluation of Skeletal Anomalies in Patients With KBG Syndrome: Recommendations for Clinical Practice.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AExpanding the clinical and immunological phenotypes of COPB1 deficiency.
Frontiers in immunologyDuolingo-induced seizures in GAD65 IgG associated autoimmune epilepsy.
Epilepsy & behavior reportsNavigating sleep apnea in Scandinavia - a journey of contrasts.
International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-beingCTBP1 In Brain Development: A Novel Variant c.107G>C,p.(R36P) Leads to a Distinct Neurodevelopmental Disorder.
Journal of neurochemistryNovel VARS1 variants define new clinical and molecular subtypes of a rare neurodevelopmental syndrome.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of diseaseManagement of Pathological Dental Attrition in Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Case Report Using the Personalized Radboud Strategy.
Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryDental rehabilitation under general anesthesia in an outpatient setting for a child with a heterozygous BCL11B variant: a case report.
BMC oral healthSpindle density relates to cognitive outcomes in infantile epileptic spasms syndrome with unknown etiology: A retrospective cohort study.
EpilepsiaClinical and genetic characterization of patients with Digeorge syndrome: a single-center, first report from Sudan.
BMC pediatricsExpert-level probabilistic breathing event detector informs phenotyping of sleep apnea.
Nature communicationsMortality Among Youth and Young Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Intellectual Disability, or Cerebral Palsy.
JAMA pediatricsSingle institution assessment of physician compliance and patient uptake with guideline directed aspirin therapy in the prevention of colorectal cancer in lynch syndrome.
Familial cancerMitigation of Oxidative Stress Pathways in the Diabetic Cornea and Lacrimal Glands Contributes to the Rapid Reversal of Diabetic Dry Eye by Naltrexone.
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceZooming into rearranged genome: applying pipeline of cytological, genomic, and transcriptomic methods for structural variant interpretation.
Molecular omicsAlpha oscillations are dysrhythmic in Fragile X syndrome.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biologyASXL3 gene variants causing Bainbridge-Ropers syndrome: clinical and genetic analysis of four Chinese patients.
Frontiers in neuroscienceA rare case of mosaic partial tetrasomy 18p presenting with oligomenorrhea and intellectual disability: a case report.
Frontiers in medicineBehavioral Phenotype Associations With Resting State EEG Signal Complexity and Power Spectral Density in Fragile X Syndrome.
Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism ResearchHuman CNTNAP1 Variants Associated With Severe Neurological Deficits: Additional Cases and Literature Review.
Muscle & nerveCrosstalk of KCNH1 and KCNH5 gain-of-function mutations leading to epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders.
Molecular brainExpanding the mutational spectrum of RAD50: a case report of Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder in a Chinese child.
GeneThe Infant and Toddler Developmental Profile of Kleefstra Syndrome.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AUBE3A isoform-selective and non-selective contributions to Angelman syndrome phenotypes.
Molecular psychiatryGABAB Receptor signaling in CA1 Pyramidal Cells is not Regulated by Aging in the APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Amyloid Pathology.
eNeuroHippocampal glial alterations are associated with Lamin B1 dysregulation and abnormal nuclear morphology in a rat model of fragile X syndrome.
Neurobiology of diseaseGenetic diagnosis of three intellectually disabled individuals in a pedigree and insights into fragile X syndrome diagnosis.
Frontiers in neuroscienceKCC2 Activation Reverses Neurophysiological and Behavioral Deficits in Female Rett Mice.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biologyNeuropsychological findings in a young adult with congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome: A case report.
Journal of neuropsychologyThe Untamed Disease: New Perceptions and Medical Responses to Zhang in the Lingnan Region during the Song Dynasty.
Ui sahak[Analysis of variants of VPS13B gene in a child with Cohen syndrome].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics[Analysis of a child with You-Hoover-Fong syndrome due to compound heterozygous variants of the TELO2 gene and a literature review].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsBi-allelic loss-of-function variants in JKAMP cause a neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with dysregulation of GPR37 trafficking.
American journal of human geneticsParental perceptions and attitudes towards the inclusion of children with neurodevelopmental, physical and sensory disabilities.
Frontiers in psychiatryTwo siblings with CCDC32-related cardiofacioneurodevelopmental syndrome diagnosed by clinical RNA-sequencing and review of literature.
European journal of human genetics : EJHGLife expectancy of people with intellectual disability: a retrospective cohort study from New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ openBrain aging in neurodevelopmental disorders: a narrative review of oxidative, inflammatory, and mitochondrial mechanisms.
Neurodegenerative disease managementTics in autism spectrum and in intellectual disability.
Handbook of clinical neurologyOutcomes of an Exercise Intervention in Adults With Down Syndrome and Congenital Heart Disease: A Secondary Analysis.
Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDRLoss of Zmiz1 in Mice Leads to Impaired Cortical Development and Autistic-Like Behaviors.
Biological psychiatrySafety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Subcutaneous Extended-Release Injectable Olanzapine in Patients with Schizophrenia and Schizoaffective Disorder.
Clinical drug investigationPerioperative Management of a Pediatric Patient With Koolen-de Vries Syndrome Presenting for Posterior Spinal Fusion.
Journal of medical casesType 2 Diabetes in a Portuguese Adolescent With Hijazi-Reis Syndrome.
CureusExpanding the Genetic Landscape of ATXN2 Variants: Insights From a Biallelic Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion in an Acadian Family.
Neurology. GeneticsAsPNA Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of infection-related glomerulonephritis.
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)PPP1R12A Mutation Presenting With Congenital Jejunal Atresia and Short Stature: A Pediatric Endocrinology Case Report.
Case reports in pediatricsAttitudes Towards Medical Research Participation Among Those With Down Syndrome and Their Caregivers.
Journal of policy and practice in intellectual disabilitiesElevated somatostatin interneuron long-term potentiation minimally regulates temporoammonic plasticity in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome.
Frontiers in pharmacologyA Rare Compound Heterozygous NAGLU Gene Mutation in Two Siblings with Mucopolysaccharidosis type Iiib.
Iranian journal of pathologyReNU Syndrome due to a de novo RNU4-2 Variant as a Novel Genetic Cause of Proteinuria.
Kidney medicineA Patient With Intellectual Disability, Agenesis of Corpus Callosum, and Congenital Heart Disease Associated With Chromosome 10p11.2 Microdeletion.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AThe Role of Pyridoxine Treatment for Seizures in Patients with PGAP3-Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation.
Annals of Indian Academy of NeurologyPrenatal diagnosis of distal Xq28 duplication syndrome: case reports and literature review.
Molecular cytogeneticsGeneration of a human induced pluripotent stem cell line (FDIBSi002-A) derived from a patient with DYRK1A syndrome carrying a heterozygous DYRK1A mutation (c.1042G>A).
Stem cell researchIntellectual function and psychiatric comorbidities in patients with epilepsy with eyelid myoclonia.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BAssociations between receptive and expressive vocabulary and early literacy in young students with intellectual disabilities using AAC.
Research in developmental disabilitiesNon-invasive screening in hereditary cancer: a randomized controlled trial to test cell-free DNA-based early detection in the CHARM consortium.
European journal of human genetics : EJHGBardet-Biedl syndrome presenting with early-onset infantile obesity.
BMJ case reportsSimultaneous occurrence of bilateral retroperitoneal neuroblastoma and bifocal malignant mixed germ cell tumor in a pediatric patient with 16p11.2 microdeletion syndrome: a case report.
Frontiers in endocrinologyAssociações
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- A Tale of Monozygotic Twins With Down Syndrome: Divergent Clinical Paths to Dementia.
- Emerging disease-modifying therapies for Angelman syndrome: A comprehensive review for pediatric neurologists.
- Recessive Loss of DIAPH1 Function Causes a Progressive Neurodevelopmental Syndrome with Variable Immunological Involvement.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics· 2026· PMID 41860019mais citado
- Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of the Recurrent De Novo FBXO31 p.Asp334Asn Variant: Evidence for a Novel Neurodevelopmental Disorder (Kruer Syndrome).
- Znhit3 regulates p53/p21 signaling and governs cerebellar granule cell development.
- [Clinical features and genetic analysis of a child with STISS syndrome due to variant of PSMD12 gene].
- Bi-allelic variants in FSD1L cause a neurodevelopmental disorder overlapping with L1 syndrome.
- De novo variants in KDM2A cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.
- Bi-allelic PRMT9 loss-of-function variants cause a syndromic form of intellectual disability.
- Bilateral Testicular Regression Syndrome and Optic Nerve Atrophy: Clinical Aspects of a Child with a SEMA3E Loss-of-Function Variant.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:363528(Orphanet)
- OMIM OMIM:615286(OMIM)
- MONDO:0014119(MONDO)
- GARD:17563(GARD (NIH))
- Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Q55784612(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
