Joubert syndrome 2

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.

Joubert syndrome 20

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.

Nephronophthisis 14

An autosomal recessive disorder manifesting as infantile-onset kidney disease, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, and situs inversus. Nephronophthisis is a progressive tubulo-interstitial kidney disorder histologically characterized by modifications of the tubules with thickening of the basement membrane, interstitial fibrosis and, in the advanced stages, medullary cysts.

Joubert syndrome 14

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, breathing abnormalities in infancy, and dysmorphic facial features. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include renal disease, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly.

Meckel syndrome 6

A disorder characterized by a combination of renal cysts and variably associated features including developmental anomalies of the central nervous system (typically encephalocele), hepatic ductal dysplasia and cysts, and polydactyly.

Joubert syndrome 16

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculomotor apraxia, variable coloboma, and rare kidney involvement. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and polydactyly.

Joubert syndrome 5

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease. Joubert syndrome type 5 shares the neurologic and neuroradiologic features of Joubert syndrome together with severe retinal dystrophy and/or progressive renal failure characterized by nephronophthisis.