Essential for primary ciliogenesis and embryonic development, facilitating the activation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway. Disrupts the interaction of GLI2 and GLI3 with the negative regulator SUFU. Inhibiting SUFU's interaction with GLI2 promotes the entry of GLI2 into the nucleus, allowing it to activate Hh target gene expression. Disrupting SUFU's interaction with GLI3 prevents its conversion into the repressor form, leading to increased nuclear GLI3 and enhanced Hh signaling. Required for

MembraneCytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body

Joubert syndrome 2

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.

Transmembrane component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling (By similarity)

Cell projection, cilium membrane

Joubert syndrome 20

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease.

Transcription factor that can both act as an activator or a repressor depending on the context. Plays a central role in BMP signaling and olfactory neurogenesis. Associates with SMADs in response to BMP2 leading to activate transcription of BMP target genes. Acts as a transcriptional repressor via its interaction with EBF1, a transcription factor involved in terminal olfactory receptor neurons differentiation; this interaction preventing EBF1 to bind DNA and activate olfactory-specific genes. In

Nucleus

Nephronophthisis 14

An autosomal recessive disorder manifesting as infantile-onset kidney disease, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, and situs inversus. Nephronophthisis is a progressive tubulo-interstitial kidney disorder histologically characterized by modifications of the tubules with thickening of the basement membrane, interstitial fibrosis and, in the advanced stages, medullary cysts.

Component of the transition zone in primary cilia. Required for ciliogenesis

MembraneCell projection, cilium

Joubert syndrome 14

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, breathing abnormalities in infancy, and dysmorphic facial features. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include renal disease, abnormal eye movements, and postaxial polydactyly.

Component of the tectonic-like complex, a complex localized at the transition zone of primary cilia and acting as a barrier that prevents diffusion of transmembrane proteins between the cilia and plasma membranes. Required for ciliogenesis and sonic hedgehog/SHH signaling (By similarity)

CytoplasmCytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal body

Meckel syndrome 6

A disorder characterized by a combination of renal cysts and variably associated features including developmental anomalies of the central nervous system (typically encephalocele), hepatic ductal dysplasia and cysts, and polydactyly.

Required for ciliogenesis

Vacuole membraneCell projection, cilium

Joubert syndrome 16

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by oculomotor apraxia, variable coloboma, and rare kidney involvement. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and polydactyly.

Involved in early and late steps in cilia formation. Its association with CCP110 is required for inhibition of primary cilia formation by CCP110 (PubMed:18694559). May play a role in early ciliogenesis in the disappearance of centriolar satellites and in the transition of primary ciliar vesicles (PCVs) to capped ciliary vesicles (CCVs). Required for the centrosomal recruitment of RAB8A and for the targeting of centriole satellite proteins to centrosomes such as of PCM1 (PubMed:24421332). Require

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosomeCytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centriolar satelliteNucleusCell projection, ciliumCytoplasm, cytoskeleton, cilium basal bodyCytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome, centrioleCytoplasmic vesicle

Joubert syndrome 5

A disorder presenting with cerebellar ataxia, oculomotor apraxia, hypotonia, neonatal breathing abnormalities and psychomotor delay. Neuroradiologically, it is characterized by cerebellar vermian hypoplasia/aplasia, thickened and reoriented superior cerebellar peduncles, and an abnormally large interpeduncular fossa, giving the appearance of a molar tooth on transaxial slices (molar tooth sign). Additional variable features include retinal dystrophy and renal disease. Joubert syndrome type 5 shares the neurologic and neuroradiologic features of Joubert syndrome together with severe retinal dystrophy and/or progressive renal failure characterized by nephronophthisis.