Raras
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Síndrome Pitt-Hopkins
ORPHA:2896CID-10 · Q87.0CID-11 · LD2F.1YOMIM 610954DOENÇA RARA

A síndrome de Pitt-Hopkins (PHS) é caracterizada pela associação de déficit intelectual, dismorfismo facial característico e problemas de respiração anormal e irregular.

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Introdução

O que você precisa saber de cara

📋

A síndrome de Pitt-Hopkins (PHS) é caracterizada pela associação de déficit intelectual, dismorfismo facial característico e problemas de respiração anormal e irregular.

Pesquisas ativas
4 ensaios
8 total registrados no ClinicalTrials.gov
Publicações científicas
204 artigos
Último publicado: 2025 Dec 24

Escala de raridade

CLASSIFICAÇÃO ORPHANET · BRASIL 2024
Unknown
Ultra-rara
<1/50k
Muito rara
1/20k
Rara
1/10k
Pouco freq.
1/5k
Incomum
1/2k
Prevalência
0.0
Europe
Início
Infancy
+ neonatal
🏥
SUS: Cobertura mínimaScore: 15%
CID-10: Q87.0
🇧🇷Dados SUS / DATASUS
PROCEDIMENTOS SIGTAP (5)
0202010503
Cariótipo — bandas G, Q ou Rgenetic_test
0202010600
Pesquisa de microdeleções/microduplicações por FISHlab_test
0202010694
Sequenciamento completo do exoma (WES)rehabilitation
0202010260
Dosagem de alfa-fetoproteína
0301070040
Atendimento em reabilitação — doenças raras
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Entender a doença

Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo

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Sinais e sintomas

O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece

Partes do corpo afetadas

🧠
Neurológico
15 sintomas
😀
Face
9 sintomas
🦴
Ossos e articulações
8 sintomas
🫃
Digestivo
6 sintomas
🦷
Dentes
4 sintomas
👁️
Olhos
4 sintomas

+ 40 sintomas em outras categorias

Características mais comuns

100%prev.
Narinas alargadas
Frequência: 4/4
100%prev.
Filtro labial profundo
Frequência: 4/4
100%prev.
Deficiência intelectual, grave
Frequência: 4/4
100%prev.
Dentes amplamente espaçados
Frequência: 4/4
100%prev.
Microcefalia secundária
Frequência: 4/4
100%prev.
Maneirismos repetitivos anormais
Frequência: 4/4
99sintomas
Muito frequente (52)
Frequente (18)
Ocasional (20)
Muito raro (2)
Sem dados (7)

Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 99 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.

Narinas alargadasFlared nostrils
Frequência: 4/4100%
Filtro labial profundoDeep philtrum
Frequência: 4/4100%
Deficiência intelectual, graveIntellectual disability, severe
Frequência: 4/4100%
Dentes amplamente espaçadosWidely spaced teeth
Frequência: 4/4100%
Microcefalia secundáriaSecondary microcephaly
Frequência: 4/4100%

Linha do tempo da pesquisa

Publicações por ano — veja quando o interesse científico cresceu
Anos de pesquisa1desde 2026
Total histórico204PubMed
Últimos 10 anos154publicações
Pico202421 papers
Linha do tempo
2026Hoje · 2026🧪 2010Primeiro ensaio clínico📈 2024Ano de pico
Publicações por ano (últimos 10 anos)

Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →

Genética e causas

O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias

Genes associados

1 gene identificado com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Autosomal dominant.

TCF4Transcription factor 4Role in the phenotype ofAltamente restrito
FUNÇÃO

Transcription factor that binds to the immunoglobulin enhancer Mu-E5/KE5-motif. Involved in the initiation of neuronal differentiation. Activates transcription by binding to the E box (5'-CANNTG-3'). Binds to the E-box present in the somatostatin receptor 2 initiator element (SSTR2-INR) to activate transcription (By similarity). Preferentially binds to either 5'-ACANNTGT-3' or 5'-CCANNTGG-3'

LOCALIZAÇÃO

Nucleus

VIAS BIOLÓGICAS (2)
MyogenesisTGFBR3 expression
MECANISMO DE DOENÇA

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome

A syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, wide mouth and distinctive facial features, and intermittent hyperventilation followed by apnea. Features include intellectual disability with severe speech impairment, normal growth parameters at birth, postnatal microcephaly, breathing anomalies, severe motor developmental delay, motor incoordination, ocular anomalies, constipation, seizures, typical behavior and subtle brain abnormalities.

EXPRESSÃO TECIDUAL(Ubíquo)
Cérebro - Hemisfério cerebelar
38.9 TPM
Cerebelo
28.3 TPM
Tecido adiposo
27.6 TPM
Cervix Endocervix
24.4 TPM
Cervix Ectocervix
24.4 TPM
OUTRAS DOENÇAS (5)
Pitt-Hopkins syndromecorneal dystrophy, Fuchs endothelial, 3Fuchs' endothelial dystrophyprimary sclerosing cholangitis
HGNC:11634UniProt:P15884

Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)

487 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.

🧬 TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1350+5G>A ()
🧬 TCF4: GRCh38/hg38 18q11.1-23(chr18:20966775-80255845)x3 ()
🧬 TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1834C>T (p.His612Tyr) ()
🧬 TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1840G>A (p.Ala614Thr) ()
🧬 TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1870C>T (p.Gln624Ter) ()
Ver todas no ClinVar

Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)

Distribuição de 927 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.

139
556
232
Patogênica (15.0%)
VUS (60.0%)
Benigna (25.0%)
VARIANTES MAIS SIGNIFICATIVAS
TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1862T>C (p.Leu621Pro) [Pathogenic]
TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1147-930A>G [Likely pathogenic]
TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.1840G>A (p.Ala614Thr) [Likely pathogenic]
TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.226C>T (p.Pro76Ser) [Uncertain significance]
TCF4: NM_001083962.2(TCF4):c.250G>C (p.Asp84His) [Uncertain significance]

Vias biológicas (Reactome)

2 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.

Diagnóstico

Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam

Carregando...

Tratamento e manejo

Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar

Pipeline de tratamentos
Pipeline regulatório — de medicamentos já aprovados a drogas em pesquisa exploratória.
2Fase 25
1Fase 11
·Pré-clínico2
Medicamentos catalogadosEnsaios clínicos· 0 medicamentos · 8 ensaios
Carregando informações de tratamento...

Onde tratar no SUS

Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)

🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome Pitt-Hopkins

🗺️

Selecione um estado ou use sua localização para ver resultados.

Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.

Pesquisa ativa

Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes

🟢 Recrutando agora

3 pesquisas recrutando participantes. Converse com seu médico sobre a possibilidade de participar.

Outros ensaios clínicos

8 ensaios clínicos encontrados, 4 ativos.

Distribuição por fase
Ver todos no ClinicalTrials.gov
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Publicações mais relevantes

📖Melhor nível de evidência: Revisão
Timeline de publicações
150 papers (10 anos)
#1

The E-Protein Daughterless Regulates Olfactory Learning of Adult Drosophila melanogaster.

eNeuro2026 Jan

Daughterless (Da), the Drosophila melanogaster homolog of mammalian E-protein transcription factor 4 (TCF4), is well studied in fruit fly embryonic development but its functions in adult nervous system are poorly understood. Mutations in human TCF4 gene lead to intellectual disabilities such as Pitt-Hopkins syndrome and TCF4 has also been linked to schizophrenia. Here, to explore the roles of Da in the Drosophila mature brain, we map Da DNA binding sites and study the transcriptomics of the brains where Da function is inhibited by pan-neuronal Extramacrohaete (Emc) overexpression, in both male and female Drosophila Our transcriptome analyses reveal that in the adult brain Da regulates the expression of genes involved in behavior, memory, synaptic signaling, protein translation, and metabolic processes. Moreover, combining the RNA sequencing data with Da ChIP sequencing results indicates that genes associated with neuronal projection guidance, metabolism, and translation are direct targets of Da. In addition, we validate the involvement of Da in memory formation. Overall, our results provide valuable information about the functions of Da in the adult brain and aid in better understanding the mechanisms of TCF4-related disorders.

#2

Gastric volvulus and wandering spleen in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: first paediatric case report.

Frontiers in pediatrics2025

Acute gastric volvulus is a rare condition in children, and delayed diagnosis may lead to gastric ischemia, perforation, or even death. It is sometimes associated with a wandering spleen, a condition in which the spleen migrates from its normal anatomical position due to the absence of fixation ligaments. We report the first known case of a patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) presenting with simultaneous acute gastric volvulus and a wandering spleen. A 6-year-old male with PTHS was urgently referred for acute abdominal pain and a 24 h history of non-bilious and non-bloody emesis. The x-ray showed a massive gastric dilatation, and an upper gastrointestinal series (UGI) revealed a gastric outlet obstruction. An emergency laparoscopy revealed a gastric mesoaxial volvulus with a hypotonic wall with no sign of ischemia or perforation associated with a wandering spleen. Gastropexy was performed by anchoring the gastric greater curvature to the anterior abdominal wall, covering the spleen in a good position in the left upper abdomen, completely covered by the gastric fundus. The patient made an uneventful recovery and was completely asymptomatic. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of simultaneous gastric volvulus and wandering spleen in a patient with PTHS. Laparoscopic gastropexy is a straightforward and effective procedure that combines the advantages of previously described surgical techniques.

#3

Monogenic defects in Russian children with autism spectrum disorders.

World journal of clinical pediatrics2025 Dec 09

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a substantial social problem affecting at least 1 in 100 children worldwide. These conditions are very often accompanied by intellectual disability (ID) and speech delay; thus, they can be considered within a clinical continuum of neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the high heterogeneity of ASD, the subjective nature of diagnostic criteria, and the presence of phenocopies, identifying genetic determinants of these disorders remains a challenge. To investigate the spectrum and frequency of rare genetic variants in genes with proven association with ASD in Russian children. 110 patients from 106 families were recruited into the study (mean age at diagnosis 6 years; boy-to-girl ratio 3:1. Most of the patients (84%) demonstrated a combination of ASD with developmental delay (DD) or ID. Patients with syndromic features were subjected to the chromosomal microarray analysis. The remained children underwent clinical exome sequencing aimed at identifying presumably monogenic causes of ASD. The study focused on rare (minor allele frequency ≤ 0.001) variants affecting high-confidence ASD-associated genes. Pathogenic copy number variations were detected in three (7%) of the patients examined. Clinical exome sequencing revealed pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 12 of 105 cases (11%), indicating the presence of monogenic syndromes with established clinical significance (Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, ZTTK syndrome, syndromic X-linked ID of Billuart type, Snijders-Blok-Campeau, Helsmoortel-van der Aa, Coffin-Siris, Clark-Baraitser, Keefstra syndromes, etc.). In addition, 27 patients (26%) had 37 rare variants of unknown clinical significance in DSCAM, SHANK2, AUTS2, ADNP, ANKRD11, APBA2, ARID1B, ASTN2, ATRX, SCN1A, CHD2, DEAF1, EHMT1, GRIN2B, NBEA, NR4A2, TRIO, TRIP12, POGZ, EP300, FOXP1, PCDH19, GRIN2A, NCKAP1, and CHD8 genes. No specific variant was detected more than once in unrelated patients. Among the genes with rare variants found in 2 or more patients were TRIP12 (n = 4), AUTS2 (n = 3), ARID1B (n = 3), PCDH19 (n = 3), EP300 (n = 3), TRIO (n = 2), ASTN2 (n = 2), EHMT1 (n = 2), and CHD2 (n = 2). Of note, 5 male ASD/DD patients from 3 unrelated families had PCDH19 missense variants, confirming that at least some hemizygous males with non-mosaic PCDH19 variants may present with neurobehavioral abnormalities. These variants did not cause epilepsy restricted to females in patients' mothers or sisters. These data confirm a tremendous diversity of genetic causes of ASD. Clinical exome sequencing may serve as a reasonable alternative to whole-exome sequencing.

#4

The gut microbiome shapes social behaviour across animal species.

Nature reviews. Microbiology2025 Nov 14

The gut microbiome has profound influences on brain activity and complex behaviours. Research across diverse animal species, in both natural environments and laboratory settings, has identified biological mechanisms that underlie gut-brain interactions. An emerging central theme is that the gut microbiome is shaped by, and actively contributes to, sociability throughout the lifespan. In this Review, we highlight recent literature revealing the effects of the microbiome on early neurodevelopment, immune modulation, stress responses and microorganism-mediated metabolism that affect social behaviour. Studies investigating the cellular and molecular pathways that underlie microbial influences on social behaviour have implicated brain regions and circuits that mediate critical aspects of animal behaviours, including bonding, mating, defence, aggression and social learning. Gut microbiome-brain research using animal models of social deficits and ecological studies in the wild, as well as investigations of human conditions comorbid with impaired social behaviour, could offer new and natural avenues for improved quality of life in individuals and social groups.

#5

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: A case report of mild impairments and musical talents.

Translational science of rare diseases2025 Feb

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TCF4 gene. The majority of individuals with PTHS have severe intellectual disability, language impairments, and gross motor impairments (e.g., ambulation and limb coordination difficulties). To demonstrate that PTHS may have a wider functional spectrum than previously understood. A child that previously participated in a PTHS research study was identified as having a milder clinical presentation than other children in the study. A follow-up interview was conducted with the child's mother to follow the child's developmental course since the initial study. The child's clinical presentation consisted of mild academic delays, speech consisting of full sentences, and full ambulatory function. Additionally, the child's musical abilities (e.g., perfect pitch, the ability to transpose music, plays several instruments) has allowed him to enroll in a performing arts charter school. Such PTHS case presentations further emphasize that individuals with mild medical and neurocognitive impairments could benefit from comprehensive genetics-informed care.

Publicações recentes

Ver todas no PubMed

📚 EuropePMC121 artigos no totalmostrando 153

2025

Juvenile reinstatement of TCF4 in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome model mice reveals a critical window for genetic intervention.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
2026

The E-Protein Daughterless Regulates Olfactory Learning of Adult Drosophila melanogaster.

eNeuro
2025

Gastric volvulus and wandering spleen in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: first paediatric case report.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2025

Monogenic defects in Russian children with autism spectrum disorders.

World journal of clinical pediatrics
2025

Transcription factor 4 regulates the interhemispheric midline remodeling through neuron-astroglia communications during corpus callosum formation.

Translational psychiatry
2025

The gut microbiome shapes social behaviour across animal species.

Nature reviews. Microbiology
2025

High prevalence of eosinophilic esophagitis and hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Annals of allergy, asthma &amp; immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, &amp; Immunology
2025

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: A case report of mild impairments and musical talents.

Translational science of rare diseases
2025

Repurposing nicardipine leads to improved development in a young patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Frontiers in pharmacology
2025

Characterization of astrocyte density in the Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome mouse model of ASD.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
2025

Tcf4 Deficiency causes recurrent seizures in mice.

Progress in neurobiology
2025

An attempt to explain what intrinsically disordered TCF4 does in its spare time when PTHS-related mutations prevent it from doing its job.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS
2025

A novel human organoid model system reveals requirement of TCF4 for oligodendroglial differentiation.

Life science alliance
2025

The molecular properties of the bHLH TCF4 protein as an intrinsically disordered hub transcription factor.

Cell communication and signaling : CCS
2025

Functionalisation of de-novo synonymous variant in TCF4 associated with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a case report and review of literature.

Clinical dysmorphology
2025

Gene network analysis identifies dysregulated pathways in an autism spectrum disorder caused by mutations in Transcription Factor 4.

Scientific reports
2024

Transcription factor TCF4: structure, function, and associated diseases.

Vavilovskii zhurnal genetiki i selektsii
2024

MicroRNA-495 Modulates Neuronal Layer Fate Determination by Targeting Tcf4.

International journal of biological sciences
2024

NRXN1-related disorders, attempt to better define clinical assessment.

Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
2024

Broadening the PHIP-Associated Neurodevelopmental Phenotype.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)
2024

[Clinical and genetic characteristics of children with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome caused by TCF4 gene variants].

Zhonghua yi xue za zhi
2024

Transcription factor 4 expression in the developing non-human primate brain: a comparative analysis with the mouse brain.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy
2024

A novel variant in the 3' UTR of the TCF4 gene likely causes Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a case report.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2024

Astrocyte allocation during brain development is controlled by Tcf4-mediated fate restriction.

The EMBO journal
2024

Skeletal muscle vulnerability in a child with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Skeletal muscle
2024

MeCP2 gene therapy ameliorates disease phenotype in mouse model for Pitt Hopkins syndrome.

Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics
2024

Expanding the phenotype in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome; description of new oral finding and dental management considerations.

BMC oral health
2024

From Genotype to Phenotype of Polish Patients with Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome concerning the Quality of Life and Family Functioning.

Journal of clinical medicine
2023

A case of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: psychopharmacological approach for anxiety, insomnia, and agitation.

Neurocase
2024

[Genetic analysis of a fetus with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to a 18q21.2q21.31 microdeletion].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2024

Tcf4 dysfunction alters dorsal and ventral cortical neurogenesis in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome mouse model showing sexual dimorphism.

Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease
2024

DNA methylation episignature and comparative epigenomic profiling for Pitt-Hopkins syndrome caused by TCF4 variants.

HGG advances
2024

Complex visceral hyperalgesia in an adolescent with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

BMJ case reports
2024

Clinical and genetic characterization of 47 Chinese pediatric patients with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a retrospective study.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2024

Complex Craniosynostosis in Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome: Case Report in Twins.

Pediatric neurosurgery
2024

A patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome with concomitant common variable immunodeficiency.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2023

[Analysis of genetic variant in a child with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2023

Psychiatric risk gene Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) regulates the density and connectivity of distinct inhibitory interneuron subtypes.

Molecular psychiatry
2023

A Missense Pathogenic Variant in a Conserved Region of CNTNAP2 Is Associated with Obesity, Seizures, and Language Impairment in a Pakistani Family.

Molecular syndromology
2023

Unusual Inconsolable Crying: An Insight, Case Report, and Review of the Literature on the Pitt-Hopkins Gastrointestinal Phenotype.

Cureus
2024

TCF4 Mutations Disrupt Synaptic Function Through Dysregulation of RIMBP2 in Patient-Derived Cortical Neurons.

Biological psychiatry
2024

Pathogenic variants in SOX11 mimicking Pitt-Hopkins syndrome phenotype.

Clinical genetics
2023

18q21.1q21.32 Deletion in a Patient With Juvenile Cerebral Infarction.

Cureus
2023

[Pitt-Hopkins syndrome caused by TCF4 gene novel mutation in a child].

Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics
2023

[Genetic analysis of a child with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to a novel variant of TCF4 gene derived from low percentage maternal mosaicism].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2023

Promyelinating drugs promote functional recovery in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Brain : a journal of neurology
2023

Methods for Detecting Abnormal Ventilation in Children - the Case Study of 13-Years old Pitt-Hopkins Girl.

Child neurology open
2022

Surgical treatment of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome associated with strabismus and early-onset myopia: Two case reports.

World journal of clinical cases
2023

A typical variant in TCF4 exon 18 is not associated with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome but with a familial case of mild and nonspecific neurodevelopmental disorder.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2023

Fatal gastrointestinal complications in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2022

Expression of alternative transcription factor 4 mRNAs and protein isoforms in the developing and adult rodent and human tissues.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
2023

Evaluation of Nav1.8 as a therapeutic target for Pitt Hopkins Syndrome.

Molecular psychiatry
2022

[Genetic analysis of a child with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to a 18q21.2q21.32 deletion].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2022

Molecular Organization and Patterning of the Medulla Oblongata in Health and Disease.

International journal of molecular sciences
2022

The recurrent TCF4 missense variant p.(Arg389Cys) causes a neurodevelopmental disorder overlapping with but not typical for Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Clinical genetics
2022

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome accompanying hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in a newborn.

International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
2022

Rescue of behavioral and electrophysiological phenotypes in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome mouse model by genetic restoration of Tcf4 expression.

eLife
2022

Transcription Factor 4 loss-of-function is associated with deficits in progenitor proliferation and cortical neuron content.

Nature communications
2022

A Case Report of Topiramate for Severe Breath Holding Spells in a Teenage Boy with Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

Child neurology open
2022

Simultaneous monitoring of oxygen and carbon dioxide for Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
2022

Disruption and deletion of the proximal part of TCF4 are associated with mild intellectual disability: About three new patients.

European journal of medical genetics
2021

The Fecal Microbiome and Metabolome of Pitt Hopkins Syndrome, a Severe Autism Spectrum Disorder.

mSystems
2022

Recommendations by the ClinGen Rett/Angelman-like expert panel for gene-specific variant interpretation methods.

Human mutation
2021

Functional consequences of TCF4 missense substitutions associated with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome, mild intellectual disability, and schizophrenia.

The Journal of biological chemistry
2021

Disordered breathing in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome model involves Phox2b-expressing parafacial neurons and aberrant Nav1.8 expression.

Nature communications
2022

Two types of early epileptic encephalopathy in a Pitt-Hopkins syndrome patient with a novel TCF4 mutation.

Brain &amp; development
2022

Epilepsy, electroclinical features, and long-term outcomes in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to pathogenic variants in the TCF4 gene.

European journal of neurology
2021

Genetic Diagnosis in Children with Epilepsy and Developmental Disorders by Targeted Gene Panel Analysis in a Developing Country.

Journal of epilepsy research
2021

The adaptive functioning profile of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

European journal of medical genetics
2021

Effective Electroconvulsive Therapy for Catatonia in a Patient With Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The journal of ECT
2021

Molecular and Cellular Function of Transcription Factor 4 in Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

Developmental neuroscience
2021

Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: phenotypic and genotypic description of four unrelated patients and structural analysis of corresponding missense mutations.

Neurogenetics
2021

Pharmacological Treatment of Severe Breathing Abnormalities in a Case of HNRNPU Epileptic Encephalopathy.

Molecular syndromology
2021

Transcription factor 4 controls positioning of cortical projection neurons through regulation of cell adhesion.

Molecular psychiatry
2021

Severe epilepsy in CNTNAP2-related Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome successfully treated with stiripentol.

Seizure
2021

Survival control of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells requires the transcription factor 4 during olfactory bulb development.

Cell death &amp; disease
2021

Transcription factor 4 and its association with psychiatric disorders.

Translational psychiatry
2020

Enriched environment ameliorates adult hippocampal neurogenesis deficits in Tcf4 haploinsufficient mice.

BMC neuroscience
2021

CDKL5 mutations may mimic Pitt-Hopkins syndrome phenotype.

European journal of medical genetics
2020

[Genetic analysis of a case with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to variant of TCF4 gene].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2020

Frequent epileptic apnoea in a patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape
2020

Various haploinsufficiency mechanisms in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

European journal of medical genetics
2020

Intronic Variant in CNTNAP2 Gene in a Boy With Remarkable Conduct Disorder, Minor Facial Features, Mild Intellectual Disability, and Seizures.

Frontiers in pediatrics
2020

Generation of 10 patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

Stem cell research
2022

Short and thick corpus callosum - the thin border between a minor anatomical variant to very poor outcome.

The journal of maternal-fetal &amp; neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
2020

Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a young patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2021

Composite Sleep Problems Observed Across Smith-Magenis Syndrome, MBD5-Associated Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome, and ASD.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders
2020

Region and Cell Type Distribution of TCF4 in the Postnatal Mouse Brain.

Frontiers in neuroanatomy
2020

Daughterless, the Drosophila orthologue of TCF4, is required for associative learning and maintenance of the synaptic proteome.

Disease models &amp; mechanisms
2020

Contribution of gene mutations to Silver-Russell syndrome phenotype: multigene sequencing analysis in 92 etiology-unknown patients.

Clinical epigenetics
2020

Repurposing the Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Inhibitor Nicardipine as a Nav1.8 Inhibitor In Vivo for Pitt Hopkins Syndrome.

Pharmaceutical research
2020

Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome: Clinical and Molecular Findings of a 5-Year-Old Patient.

Genes
2020

Tcf4 is required for correct brain development during embryogenesis.

Molecular and cellular neurosciences
2020

[Genetic analysis of a rare case of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome due to partial deletion of TCF4 gene].

Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics
2020

A myelin-related transcriptomic profile is shared by Pitt-Hopkins syndrome models and human autism spectrum disorder.

Nature neuroscience
2020

The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor TCF4 impacts brain architecture as well as neuronal morphology and differentiation.

The European journal of neuroscience
2020

Transcription Factor 4 Safeguards Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus Development by Regulating Neural Progenitor Migration.

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
2019

Perampanel-induced hair curling in a patient with epilepsy associated with Pitt Hopkins syndrome.

Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape
2019

Behavioural and psychological characteristics in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: a comparison with Angelman and Cornelia de Lange syndromes.

Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders
2019

The first case of a non-infertile female patient with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2019

Repurposing Approved Drugs as Inhibitors of Kv7.1 and Nav1.8 to Treat Pitt Hopkins Syndrome.

Pharmaceutical research
2019

Structural basis for preferential binding of human TCF4 to DNA containing 5-carboxylcytosine.

Nucleic acids research
2019

SHH medulloblastoma in a young adult with a TCF4 germline pathogenic variation.

Acta neuropathologica
2019

TCF4 (E2-2) harbors tumor suppressive functions in SHH medulloblastoma.

Acta neuropathologica
2019

A patient with a novel CNTNAP2 homozygous variant: further delineation of the CASPR2 deficiency syndrome and review of the literature.

Clinical dysmorphology
2019

Disruption of TCF4 regulatory networks leads to abnormal cortical development and mental disabilities.

Molecular psychiatry
2019

Diagnosis and management in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: First international consensus statement.

Clinical genetics
2019

Deep phenotyping of 14 new patients with IQSEC2 variants, including monozygotic twins of discordant phenotype.

Clinical genetics
2019

Two unrelated individuals carrying rare mosaic deletions in TCF4 gene.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2020

Overlap of the Pitt-Hopkins and Lennox-Gastaut syndromes.

Acta neurologica Belgica
2018

Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome: A Unique Case Study.

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS
2018

Hopkins Syndrome in a 14 Year Old Boy; a Case Report.

Emergency (Tehran, Iran)
2018

Tcf4 regulates dendritic spine density and morphology in the adult brain.

PloS one
2018

Disease-causing variants in TCF4 are a frequent cause of intellectual disability: lessons from large-scale sequencing approaches in diagnosis.

European journal of human genetics : EJHG
2018

Catathrenia in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome associated with 18q interstitial deletion.

Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society
2018

A case of Pitt-hopkins Syndrome with de novo mutation in TCF4: Clinical features and treatment for epilepsy.

International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience
2018

Low-Dose Aripiprazole and Risperidone for Treating Problem Behavior in Children With Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

Journal of clinical psychopharmacology
2018

Analysis of the expression pattern of the schizophrenia-risk and intellectual disability gene TCF4 in the developing and adult brain suggests a role in development and plasticity of cortical and hippocampal neurons.

Molecular autism
2018

Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome: A Review of Current Literature, Clinical Approach, and 23-Patient Case Series.

Journal of child neurology
2018

The Psychiatric Risk Gene Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) Regulates Neurodevelopmental Pathways Associated With Schizophrenia, Autism, and Intellectual Disability.

Schizophrenia bulletin
2018

Common Pathophysiology in Multiple Mouse Models of Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
2018

Neurexins and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Neuroscience research
2019

Clinician's guide to genes associated with Rett-like phenotypes-Investigation of a Danish cohort and review of the literature.

Clinical genetics
2017

The Intellectual Disability and Schizophrenia Associated Transcription Factor TCF4 Is Regulated by Neuronal Activity and Protein Kinase A.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
2017

WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulate the Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome and Schizophrenia Risk Gene TCF4.

Molecular neuropsychiatry
2017

Impairment of different protein domains causes variable clinical presentation within Pitt-Hopkins syndrome and suggests intragenic molecular syndromology of TCF4.

European journal of medical genetics
2017

Dual molecular diagnosis contributes to atypical Prader-Willi phenotype in monozygotic twins.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2017

Intragenic CNTNAP2 Deletions: A Bridge Too Far?

Molecular syndromology
2019

A new case of Pitt-Hopkins-like syndrome 2?

Neurologia
2017

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment Limits Chronic Constipation in a Child with Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome.

Case reports in pediatrics
2017

Molecular Mechanisms of Transcription Factor 4 in Pitt Hopkins Syndrome.

Current genetic medicine reports
2018

An adapted walking intervention for a child with Pitt Hopkins syndrome<sup/>.

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology
2016

Neurodevelopmental models of transcription factor 4 deficiency converge on a common ion channel as a potential therapeutic target for Pitt Hopkins syndrome.

Rare diseases (Austin, Tex.)
2016

A case of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome presented with Angelman-like syndromic phenotypes.

BioMedicine
2016

Tcf4 Controls Neuronal Migration of the Cerebral Cortex through Regulation of Bmp7.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
2017

Knockdown of the schizophrenia susceptibility gene TCF4 alters gene expression and proliferation of progenitor cells from the developing human neocortex.

Journal of psychiatry &amp; neuroscience : JPN
2015

Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome and Differential Diagnosis: A Molecular and Clinical Challenge.

Journal of pediatric genetics
2016

Tcf4 Regulates Synaptic Plasticity, DNA Methylation, and Memory Function.

Cell reports
2016

Unstable repeat expansion in major psychiatric disorders: two decades on, is dynamic DNA back on the menu?

Psychiatric genetics
2016

Complex translocation disrupting TCF4 and altering TCF4 isoform expression segregates as mild autosomal dominant intellectual disability.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2016

Partial deletion of TCF4 in three generation family with non-syndromic intellectual disability, without features of Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

European journal of medical genetics
2016

Phenotype and natural history in 101 individuals with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome through an internet questionnaire system.

Orphanet journal of rare diseases
2016

Nucleolar Enrichment of Brain Proteins with Critical Roles in Human Neurodevelopment.

Molecular &amp; cellular proteomics : MCP
2016

Psychiatric Risk Gene Transcription Factor 4 Regulates Intrinsic Excitability of Prefrontal Neurons via Repression of SCN10a and KCNQ1.

Neuron
2016

Drugging the methylome: DNA methylation and memory.

Critical reviews in biochemistry and molecular biology
2015

Introducing Pitt-Hopkins syndrome-associated mutations of TCF4 to Drosophila daughterless.

Biology open
2015

E Proteins and ID Proteins: Helix-Loop-Helix Partners in Development and Disease.

Developmental cell
2015

Consequences of chromsome18q deletions.

American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics
2015

The second brain in autism spectrum disorder: could connexin 43 expressed in enteric glial cells play a role?

Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
2015

Cylindrical spirals associated with severe congenital muscle weakness and epileptic encephalopathy.

Muscle &amp; nerve
2015

Successful use of acetazolamide for central apnea in a child with Pitt-Hopkins syndrome.

American journal of medical genetics. Part A
2015

Connecting the CNTNAP2 Networks with Neurodevelopmental Disorders.

Molecular syndromology
2015

Pitt-Hopkins Mouse Model has Altered Particular Gastrointestinal Transits In Vivo.

Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research

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Comunidades

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Doenças relacionadas

Doenças com sintomas parecidos — ajudam quem ainda está buscando diagnóstico

Ordenadas pelo número de sintomas em comum.

Referências e fontes

Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo

Publicações científicas

Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.

  1. The E-Protein Daughterless Regulates Olfactory Learning of Adult Drosophila melanogaster.
    eNeuro· 2026· PMID 41500834mais citado
  2. Gastric volvulus and wandering spleen in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: first paediatric case report.
    Frontiers in pediatrics· 2025· PMID 41378192mais citado
  3. Monogenic defects in Russian children with autism spectrum disorders.
    World journal of clinical pediatrics· 2025· PMID 41255692mais citado
  4. The gut microbiome shapes social behaviour across animal species.
    Nature reviews. Microbiology· 2025· PMID 41238755mais citado
  5. Pitt-Hopkins syndrome: A case report of mild impairments and musical talents.
    Translational science of rare diseases· 2025· PMID 40822316mais citado
  6. Juvenile reinstatement of TCF4 in Pitt-Hopkins syndrome model mice reveals a critical window for genetic intervention.
    bioRxiv· 2025· PMID 41509287recente
  7. Transcription factor 4 regulates the interhemispheric midline remodeling through neuron-astroglia communications during corpus callosum formation.
    Transl Psychiatry· 2025· PMID 41253748recente

Bases de dados e fontes oficiais

Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.

  1. ORPHA:2896(Orphanet)
  2. OMIM OMIM:610954(OMIM)
  3. MONDO:0012589(MONDO)
  4. GARD:4372(GARD (NIH))
  5. Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
  6. Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
  7. Q1164401(Wikidata)

Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.

Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar

Síndrome Pitt-Hopkins
Compêndio · Raras BR

Síndrome Pitt-Hopkins

ORPHA:2896 · MONDO:0012589
Prevalência
Unknown
Herança
Autosomal dominant
CID-10
Q87.0 · Síndromes com malformações congênitas afetando predominantemente o aspecto da face
CID-11
Ensaios
4 ativos
Início
Infancy, Neonatal
Prevalência
0.0 (Europe)
MedGen
UMLS
C1970431
EuropePMC
Wikidata
Papers 10a
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