A síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (WHS) é um distúrbio do desenvolvimento caracterizado por características craniofaciais típicas, comprometimento do crescimento pré-natal e pós-natal, deficiência intelectual, atraso grave no desenvolvimento psicomotor, convulsões e hipotonia.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
A síndrome de Wolf-Hirschhorn (WHS) é um distúrbio do desenvolvimento caracterizado por características craniofaciais típicas, comprometimento do crescimento pré-natal e pós-natal, deficiência intelectual, atraso grave no desenvolvimento psicomotor, convulsões e hipotonia.
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Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 49 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 142 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Genes associados
8 genes identificados com associação a esta condição. Padrão de herança: Multigenic/multifactorial, Not applicable.
Essential component of the NELF complex, a complex that negatively regulates the elongation of transcription by RNA polymerase II. The NELF complex, which acts via an association with the DSIF complex and causes transcriptional pausing, is counteracted by the P-TEFb kinase complex (Microbial infection) The NELF complex is involved in HIV-1 latency possibly involving recruitment of PCF11 to paused RNA polymerase II
Nucleus
Has a negative effect on cell proliferation
Plays an important role in maintenance of mitochondrial morphology and in mediating either calcium or potassium/proton antiport (PubMed:18628306, PubMed:19797662, PubMed:24344246, PubMed:24898248, PubMed:29123128, PubMed:32139798, PubMed:36055214, PubMed:36321428). Mediates proton-dependent calcium efflux from mitochondrion (PubMed:19797662, PubMed:24344246, PubMed:29123128). Also functions as an electroneutral mitochondrial proton/potassium exchanger (PubMed:24898248, PubMed:36055214, PubMed:36
Mitochondrion inner membrane
Neurodegeneration, childhood-onset, with multisystem involvement due to mitochondrial dysfunction
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized primarily by global developmental delay and variably impaired intellectual development with speech delay apparent from infancy. Affected individuals have hypotonia, poor feeding, poor overall growth, and respiratory distress early in life. Other features include visual impairment due to optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss, and neuromuscular abnormalities. Features suggestive of a mitochondrial disorder include cataracts, cardiomyopathy, diabetes mellitus, combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency, and increased lactate. Some patients develop seizures, some have dysmorphic facial features, and some have non-specific abnormalities on brain imaging. Death in childhood may occur.
Corepressor targeting diverse transcription regulators such as GLIS2 or BCL6. Has dehydrogenase activity. Involved in controlling the equilibrium between tubular and stacked structures in the Golgi complex. Functions in brown adipose tissue (BAT) differentiation
CytoplasmNucleus
Hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, and tooth enamel defect syndrome
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by delayed motor development, intellectual disability, failure to thrive, hypotonia, ataxia, and tooth enamel defects.
Positively regulates a late step in exocytosis of various cytoplasmic vesicles, such as synaptic vesicles and other secretory vesicles (PubMed:21785414). Organizes the SNAREs into a cross-linked zigzag topology that, when interposed between the vesicle and plasma membranes, is incompatible with fusion, thereby preventing SNAREs from releasing neurotransmitters until an action potential arrives at the synapse (PubMed:21785414). Also involved in glucose-induced secretion of insulin by pancreatic b
Cytoplasm, cytosolPerikaryonPresynapse
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 63
A form of epileptic encephalopathy, a heterogeneous group of severe early-onset epilepsies characterized by refractory seizures, neurodevelopmental impairment, and poor prognosis. Development is normal prior to seizure onset, after which cognitive and motor delays become apparent. DEE63 is an autosomal recessive disease with onset in infancy.
Catalytic subunit of the ethanolamine phosphate transferase 2 complex that transfers an ethanolamine phosphate (EtNP) from a phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to the 6-OH position of the second alpha-1,6-linked mannose of a 2-acyl-6-[6-phosphoethanolamine-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->2)-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->6)-2-phosphoethanolamine-alpha-D-mannosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-glucosaminyl]-1-(1-radyl,2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho)-1D-myo-inositol (also termed H7) intermediate to generate a 2-acyl-6-[6-phosphoethanolamine-
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Neurodevelopmental disorder with or without hypotonia, seizures, and cerebellar atrophy
An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, hypotonia, and early-onset seizures in most patients. Additional variable features are cerebellar atrophy, ataxia, and non-specific dysmorphic features. Some patients may have the Emm-null blood group phenotype.
Histone methyltransferase which specifically dimethylates nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (PubMed:19808676, PubMed:22099308, PubMed:27571355, PubMed:29728617, PubMed:33941880). Also monomethylates nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me) in vitro (PubMed:22099308). Does not trimethylate nucleosomal histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) (PubMed:22099308). However, specifically trimethylates histone H3 at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) at euchromatic regions in embryonic stem (ES) cells (By sim
NucleusChromosomeCytoplasmNucleus, nucleolus
Rauch-Steindl syndrome
An autosomal dominant disorder characterized by poor pre- and postnatal growth, facial dysmorphism, and variable developmental delay with delayed motor and speech acquisition and impaired intellectual. Other features may include hypotonia and behavioral abnormalities.
Variantes genéticas (ClinVar)
504 variantes patogênicas registradas no ClinVar.
Classificação de variantes (ClinVar)
Distribuição de 1 variantes classificadas pelo ClinVar.
Vias biológicas (Reactome)
45 vias biológicas associadas aos genes desta condição.
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Síndrome Wolf-Hirschhorn
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Publicações mais relevantes
Study of NSD2 using a dTAG system reveals their molecular mechanism and oncogenic implications in t(4;14) multiple myeloma.
The H3K36me2 methyltransferase NSD2 is deleted in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and aberrantly expressed in 10-15% of multiple myeloma (MM) due to a t(4;14) translocation. Although NSD2 is thought to be a primary driver in MM, the exact molecular mechanisms by which it regulates transcription remain unclear. We applied the dTAG system to acutely degrade NSD2 and used this, in combination with time-resolved SLAM-seq, to identify 307 transcriptional targets of NSD2. Reconstitution with either wild-type NSD2 or a catalytically inactive mutant (NSD2Y1179A) showed that NSD2's transcriptional effects are almost exclusively dependent on its SET domain activity. Mechanistically, H3K36me2 deposition by NSD2 antagonizes H3K27me3 levels, and treatment with two distinct PRC2 inhibitors demonstrated that approximately half of NSD2 target genes are regulated in an H3K27me3-dependent manner. CUT&Tag analysis showed that upon NSD2 depletion there was an increase in H3K27me3 that occurred at genome-wide intergenic regions, rather than at the promoters or gene bodies of NSD2 target genes. These data suggest that NSD2, via H3K36me2, antagonizes H3K27me3 deposition likely at distal regulatory elements including enhancers, creating a chromatin landscape favorable for target gene transcription. Importantly, NSD2 target genes were enriched for key oncogenic pathways, and 24 transcription factors implicated in neurodevelopment and acute leukemia, consistent with its role in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and MM. Eight of these transcription factors are known oncogenic drivers in acute leukemia or MM, highlighting a novel molecular mechanism for NSD2's role in t(4;14) MM.
Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in pediatric epilepsy: A longitudinal cohort study.
Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disorder in children, and approximately one third of patients develop drug-resistant seizures. Reliable biomarkers are needed to improve diagnosis, prognostic assessment, and treatment monitoring. This study evaluated four circulating microRNAs-miR-15a-5p, miR-106b-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-152-3p-as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in pediatric epilepsy. A total of 122 pediatric patients with epilepsy and 29 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were prospectively enrolled at Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital (Rome) between 2022 and 2025. Clinical variables included epilepsy type, etiology, seizure frequency, electroencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and comorbidities. Serum miRNAs were measured by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and normalized using the 2-ΔΔCt method, accounting for hemolysis. Nonparametric tests (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon) were used for comparisons. Forty-three patients were reevaluated after ≥12 months to assess longitudinal expression. All four miRNAs were significantly upregulated in children with epilepsy compared to controls (p < .05). miR-146a-5p expression differed among etiological groups, being higher in structural compared with genetic or unknown etiologies (p = .014). Both miR-15a-5p and miR-106b-5p correlated with seizure frequency, showing greater expression in patients with monthly-to-daily seizures than in those with sporadic seizures or seizure-free patterns (p = .004 and p = .017). No association was found with antiseizure medications, intellectual disability, or psychiatric comorbidities. Longitudinal analysis showed a significant increase in miR-15a-5p and miR-106b-5p at follow-up (p < .01), independent of clinical outcome, whereas miR-146a-5p remained stable over time. These findings suggest that miR-15a-5p and miR-106b-5p reflect ongoing epileptic activity, whereas miR-146a-5p may relate to underlying pathophysiology rather than seizure dynamics. Circulating miRNAs represent promising, minimally invasive biomarkers in pediatric epilepsy. miR-146a-5p may aid etiologic classification, whereas miR-15a-5p and miR-106b-5p could serve as dynamic indicators of disease burden and treatment response, supporting biomarker-driven precision approaches in epilepsy care.
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with growth hormone deficiency: long-term response to RhGH therapy.
To describe the long-term auxological response to recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy in a patient with genetically confirmed Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) and concurrent growth hormone deficiency (GHD). A male pediatric patient with genetically confirmed Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome underwent comprehensive endocrine evaluation. Growth hormone stimulation testing revealed partial GHD. He subsequently received rhGH therapy for 11 years, with follow-up every 6 months including auxological measurements, biochemical assessments, and bone age determination. Across 11 years of rhGH, height improved from ~ - 4.2 to ~ - 1.3 SDS with normalized height velocity and a prolonged but uneventful pubertal course. No major adverse effects were observed. Muscle tone improvement was also noted with treatment initiation. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case of a male patient with WHS and confirmed GHD who received long-term rhGH therapy, resulting in marked improvement in growth. These findings underscore the importance of routine endocrine screening for GHD in WHS. Furthermore, rhGH therapy may provide benefits beyond linear growth, potentially improving hypotonia. However, additional studies are needed to substantiate this effect.
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome patients with chromosomal 4p deletion.
Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a devastating congenital disease caused by deletions on the short arm of chromosome 4 (4p), for which no curative treatments currently exist. To facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies, the development of experimental models of WHS is crucial for investigating its etiology and pathogenesis, which remain elusive. In this study, we successfully generated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) from three fibroblast lines from WHS patients. We then characterized these hiPSCs, along with one hiPSC line previously generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, as part of a Japanese nationwide project. All four hiPSC lines exhibited characteristics of self-renewal, pluripotency, and karyotypes with expected 4p deletions. Copy number variation microarray analysis revealed that these WHS-specific hiPSCs carried hemizygous deletions in p15.1-p16.3 regions, commonly encompassing 100 genes. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of these genes faithfully reflected hemizygous deletion in these WHS-specific hiPSCs and that these down-regulated genes were associated with the development of neural crest cells. These results indicate that WHS-specific hiPSCs can recapitulate the abnormal genomic structure genes related to and the gene expression profile observed in WHS patients. Given the limited understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of WHS, these cellular resources will be instrumental in modeling disease phenotypes and in advancing novel therapies for this syndrome.
Elevated levels of Letm1 drives mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte stress-mediated apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes.
Cardiac ischemia, a predominant cause of heart failure, is marked by profound mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulated ion homeostasis, and maladaptive cellular remodeling, all of which compromise cardiac performance. The mitochondrial inner membrane protein Leucine zipper-EF-hand containing Transmembrane Protein 1 (Letm1), implicated in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome, is essential for mitochondrial function. Although genetic alterations in Letm1 are linked to cardiomyopathies, its specific contributions to cardiac pathophysiology, particularly in the context of ischemic heart disease, remain poorly defined. This study aims to elucidate the role of Letm1 in ischemic cardiac pathology and its mechanistic impact on cardiomyocyte function. Letm1 expression was assessed in human and murine models of heart failure due to ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and cardiac hypertrophy. Letm1 was overexpressed in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes, adult mouse cardiomyocytes, and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes to study mitochondrial function (Seahorse assays), structural and molecular remodeling (fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), qPCR, immunoblotting), transcriptomic/proteomic profiles, calcium handling and electrophysiology (patch-clamp), autophagic flux (Bafilomycin A1, LC3-RFP-GFP), and cell survival. Letm1 was markedly upregulated in ICM in both human and murine hearts, but unchanged in hypertrophic heart failure. Overexpression of Letm1 in cardiomyocytes resulted in profound mitochondrial dysfunction, including downregulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) genes, impaired membrane potential, reduced ATP output, increased proton leak, and elevated ROS levels. A metabolic shift toward glycolysis was observed, accompanied by reduced fatty acid oxidation. Electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial fragmentation, mitophagic vesicles, and sarcomeric disarray. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses highlighted dysregulation of genes linked to mitochondrial organization, ion transport, and autophagy. Electrophysiologically, Letm1 reduced L-type Ca2+ current density and significantly shortened action potential duration, leading to impaired contractility. Letm1 overexpression activated upstream autophagy regulators (AMPK, ULK1) and enhanced LC3-II and p62 accumulation, but autophagic flux was impaired, as confirmed by LC3-RFP-GFP reporter and exacerbated by Bafilomycin A1 treatment. This dysregulated autophagy was coupled with mitochondrial stress, increased apoptosis (cleaved caspases), and reduced cardiomyocyte viability. This study indicates that Letm1 upregulation drives mitochondrial dysfunction, electrophysiology alterations, and activation of autophagy and apoptosis, culminating in cardiomyocyte injury in ischemic cardiomyopathy. By disrupting OXPHOS, calcium handling, and cell survival pathways, Letm1 contributes to ischemic remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. Targeting Letm1 presents a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate ischemic damage and preserve cardiac function.
Publicações recentes
Acute airway obstruction in a paediatric patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome requiring emergency tracheostomy.
Study of NSD2 using a dTAG system reveals their molecular mechanism and oncogenic implications in t(4;14) multiple myeloma.
Epilepsy in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical Insights from a Pediatric Cohort and a Review of the Literature.
The Whsc2/NelfA -dependent transcription complex is required for postnatal cardiac development and heart function.
🥇 Ensaio randomizadoRenal Hypoplasia and Oligomeganephronia in a Fetus with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
🥈 Observacional📚 EuropePMC340 artigos no totalmostrando 199
Study of NSD2 using a dTAG system reveals their molecular mechanism and oncogenic implications in t(4;14) multiple myeloma.
BloodCirculating microRNAs as biomarkers in pediatric epilepsy: A longitudinal cohort study.
EpilepsiaEpilepsy in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical Insights from a Pediatric Cohort and a Review of the Literature.
Journal of clinical medicineThe Whsc2/NelfA -dependent transcription complex is required for postnatal cardiac development and heart function.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biologyRenal Hypoplasia and Oligomeganephronia in a Fetus with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)Observed total and live birth prevalence of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in England 2015-2020.
Clinical dysmorphologyProximal 4p deletion syndrome in a woman with intellectual disability: a case report and literature review.
Molecular cytogeneticsChallenges and clinical implications of discordant non-invasive prenatal testing results: insights from two case studies.
Folia medicaWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with growth hormone deficiency: long-term response to RhGH therapy.
Hormones (Athens, Greece)Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome patients with chromosomal 4p deletion.
Human cellElevated levels of Letm1 drives mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte stress-mediated apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes.
Cell communication and signaling : CCSClinician-Based Functional Scoring and Genomic Insights for Prognostic Stratification in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
GenesCharacterization of Constitutional Ring Chromosomes over 37 Years of Experience at a Single-Site Institution.
GenesPrenatal diagnosis and genetic assessment of fetuses with single umbilical artery using chromosomal microarray analysis: a seven-year single-center retrospective study.
BMC pregnancy and childbirthReconsidering Social-Behavioral Phenotypes in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Presentation of Two Cases Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of NeuropsychologistsClinical features, behaviour and language in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
BMJ case reportsExtended Growth Curves for the Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (4p-).
American journal of medical genetics. Part AEffectiveness and Safety of High-Dose Oral Phenobarbital in Children With Recurrent and Treatment-Refractory Seizures.
Clinical pediatricsFamily well-being in families with children and young people with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Research in developmental disabilitiesBeyond CHD7 gene: unveiling genetic diversity in clinically suspected CHARGE syndrome.
Journal of human geneticsThe apo LETM1 F-EF-hand adopts a closed conformation that underlies a multi-modal sensory role in mitochondria.
FEBS lettersA Unique Derivative Chromosome 4 with a Predominant 4p16.3 Microduplication Phenotype and a Literature Review.
Molecular syndromologyLoss of function in NSD2 causes DNA methylation signature similar to that in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Genetics in medicine openHypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Outcomes in Pediatric Trisomy 21 Patients with Overweight or Obesity.
The LaryngoscopeA familial chromosome 4p16.3 terminal microdeletion that does not cause Wolf-Hirschhorn (4p-) syndrome.
Chromosome research : an international journal on the molecular, supramolecular and evolutionary aspects of chromosome biologySuccessful Anesthetic Management of a Pediatric Patient With Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Undergoing Strabismus Surgery: A Case Report.
CureusHistone methyltransferase WHSC1 cooperate with YBX1 promote glioblastoma progression via regulating PLK1 expression.
Cellular signallingCongenital diaphragmatic hernia and cleft lip and palate: looking for a common genetic etiology.
Pediatric surgery international[Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of two fetuses with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsDissecting structure and function of the monovalent cation/H+ antiporters Mdm38 and Ylh47 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Journal of bacteriologyHuman Genetics of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyHuman Genetics of Ventricular Septal Defect.
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyCircWHSC1 (CircNSD2): A Novel Circular RNA in Multiple Cancers.
Clinical Medicine Insights. OncologyDetection of 4p16.3 deletion and 11p15.5p15.4 gain in a boy by comparative genomic hybridization array: A case report.
World journal of clinical casesClinical details of individuals with Rauch-Steindl syndrome due to NSD2 truncating variants.
Molecular genetics & genomic medicineCirc-FOXO3 inhibits triple-negative breast cancer growth and metastasis via regulating WHSC1-H3K36me2-Zeb2 axis.
Cellular signallingWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (Whsc1) methyltransferase signals via a Pitx2-miR-23/24 axis to effect tooth development.
The Journal of biological chemistryWHSC1L1-mediated epigenetic downregulation of VMP1 participates in herpes simplex virus 1 infection-induced mitophagy impairment and neuroinflammation.
Molecular immunologyPrenatal Diagnosis and Molecular Cytogenetic Analyses of a de novo Deletion on Chromosome 4p16.3p15.33.
Alternative therapies in health and medicineFeatures of the Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome (WHS) from Infant to Young Teenager.
Balkan journal of medical genetics : BJMGcircWHSC1: A circular RNA piece in the human cancer puzzle.
Pathology, research and practiceGenotype-phenotype correlation of deletions and duplications of 4p: case reports and literature review.
Frontiers in geneticsCase report: A de novo NSD2 truncating variant in a child with Rauch-Steindl syndrome.
Frontiers in pediatricsIdentification of an 85-kb Heterozygous 4p Microdeletion With Full Genome Analysis in Autosomal Dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease.
Neurology. GeneticsHuntingtin Decreases Susceptibility to a Spontaneous Seizure Disorder in FVN/B Mice.
Aging and diseaseEfficacy of Antiseizure Medications in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
NeuropediatricsWHSC1 is involved in DNA damage, cellular senescence and immune response in hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
Journal of cellular and molecular medicineNSD3, a member of nuclear receptor-binding SET domain family, is a potential prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
Cancer medicineEstimation on risk of spontaneous abortions by genomic disorders from a meta-analysis of microarray results on large case series of pregnancy losses.
Molecular genetics & genomic medicineA Case Report of a Feto-Placental Mosaicism Involving a Segmental Aneuploidy: A Challenge for Genome Wide Screening by Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing of Cell-Free DNA in Maternal Plasma.
GenesFamilial 4p Interstitial Deletion Provides New Insights and Candidate Genes Underlying This Rare Condition.
GenesPrenatal phenotype of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: A case series and literature review.
Molecular genetics & genomic medicineGenetically unresolved case of Rauch-Steindl syndrome diagnosed by its wolf-hirschhorn associated DNA methylation episignature.
Frontiers in cell and developmental biologyClinical and epilepsy characteristics in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (4p-): A review.
SeizureTumor-augmenting Effect of Histone Methyltransferase WHSC1 on Colorectal Cancer Via Epigenetic Upregulation of TACC3 and PI3K/Akt Activation.
Archives of medical researchGene mutations and chromosomal abnormalities in syndromes with tooth agenesis.
Oral diseasesThe constitutional gain-of-function variant p.Glu1099Lys in NSD2 is associated with a novel syndrome.
Clinical geneticsBi-allelic LETM1 variants perturb mitochondrial ion homeostasis leading to a clinical spectrum with predominant nervous system involvement.
American journal of human geneticsGastrostomy and congenital anomalies: a European population-based study.
BMJ paediatrics open[Prevalence and geographic distribution of the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome in Spain.].
Revista espanola de salud publicaThe cation exchanger Letm1, circadian rhythms, and NAD(H) levels interconnect in diurnal zebrafish.
Life science allianceEmerging role of LETM1/GRP78 axis in lung cancer.
Cell death & diseaseFrom Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome to NSD2 haploinsufficiency: a shifting paradigm through the description of a new case and a review of the literature.
Italian journal of pediatricsPrenatal sonographic findings in confirmed cases of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
BMC pregnancy and childbirthActivating transcription factor 2 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by inducing the activation of the WHSC1-mediated TOP2A/PI3K/AKT axis.
The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciencesDistinct Epileptogenic Mechanisms Associated with Seizures in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Molecular neurobiologyCircWHSC1 expedites cervical cancer progression via miR-532-3p/LTBP2 axis.
Molecular and cellular biochemistryGlucocorticoid receptor gene mutations confer glucocorticoid resistance in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biologyCorrespondence on "Loss-of-function and missense variants in NSD2 cause decreased methylation activity and are associated with a distinct developmental phenotype" by Zanoni et al.
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical GeneticsDNA methylation episignature testing improves molecular diagnosis of Mendelian chromatinopathies.
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical GeneticsFamilial Translocation t(2;4) (q37.3;p16.3), Resulting in a Partial Trisomy of 2q (or 4p) and a Partial Monosomy of 4p (or 2q), Causes Dysplasia.
Frontiers in genetics50 Years Ago in TheJournalofPediatrics: Wolf-Hirschorn Versus Cri-du-Chat Syndrome.
The Journal of pediatricsWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical and Genetic Study of 7 New Cases, and Mini Review.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)A practical approach to dental care for patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric DentistryWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 facilitates alveolar macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis-induced acute lung injury through NEK7-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Innate immunity[Study on clinical features and diagnostic methods of prenatal Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsHigh WHSC1L1 Expression Reduces Survival Rates in Operated Breast Cancer Patients with Decreased CD8+ T Cells: Machine Learning Approach.
Journal of personalized medicineWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome with Hyperparathyroidism: A Case Report and a Narrative Review of the Literature.
Journal of pediatric geneticsThe delineation of the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome over six decades: Illustration of the ongoing advances in phenotype analysis and cytogenomic technology.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ANatural history study of adults with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome 2: Patient-reported outcomes study.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ALoss-of-function and missense variants in NSD2 cause decreased methylation activity and are associated with a distinct developmental phenotype.
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical GeneticsBACs-on-Beads Assay for the Prenatal Diagnosis of Microdeletion and Microduplication Syndromes.
Molecular diagnosis & therapyLETM1: A Single Entity With Diverse Impact on Mitochondrial Metabolism and Cellular Signaling.
Frontiers in physiologyNatural history study of adults with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome 1: Case series of personally observed 35 individuals.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AAlternatively Splicing Interactomes Identify Novel Isoform-Specific Partners for NSD2.
Frontiers in cell and developmental biologyCorrigendum: Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome-Associated Genes Are Enriched in Motile Neural Crest Cells and Affect Craniofacial Development in Xenopus laevis.
Frontiers in physiologyDisorders of sex development in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: a genotype-phenotype correlation and MSX1 as candidate gene.
Molecular cytogeneticsPositional Central Sleep Apnea in a Child with Cervical Instability.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicineParent-authored memoirs: Lessons in the practice of narrative medicine.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AAn unusual ophthalmic presentation of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Ophthalmic geneticsWHSC1/NSD2 regulates immune infiltration in prostate cancer.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancerThe leucine zipper EF-hand containing transmembrane protein-1 EF-hand is a tripartite calcium, temperature, and pH sensor.
Protein science : a publication of the Protein SocietyEvidence that FGFRL1 contributes to congenital diaphragmatic hernia development in humans.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ACircWHSC1 serves as an oncogene to promote hepatocellular carcinoma progression.
European journal of clinical investigationAnesthetic considerations for an adult with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome - A case report.
Anesthesia and pain medicineThe first familial NSD2 cases with a novel variant in a Chinese father and daughter with atypical WHS facial features and a 7.5-year follow-up of growth hormone therapy.
BMC medical genomicsClinical and genetic characterization of ten Egyptian patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and review of literature.
Molecular genetics & genomic medicineOral Manifestations of Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation Analysis.
Journal of clinical medicineCoping with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: quality of life and psychosocial features of family carers.
Orphanet journal of rare diseasesGenetic disease and intellectual disability as contraindications to transplant listing in the United States: A survey of heart, kidney, liver, and lung transplant programs.
Pediatric transplantationWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: A case series from India.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ANon-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) by low coverage genomic sequencing: Detection limits of screened chromosomal microdeletions.
PloS oneWHSC1 Promotes Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Activating mTORC1 Signaling.
OncoTargets and therapyPrenatal diagnosis of BACs-on-Beads assay in 1520 cases from Fujian Province, China.
Molecular genetics & genomic medicinePublic Appeals Challenging Criteria for Pediatric Organ Transplantation.
PediatricsDetection of chromosomal abnormalities in spontaneous miscarriage by low‑coverage next‑generation sequencing.
Molecular medicine reports[Identification of a critical region on chromosome 4p16.3 for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome-associated fetal growth retardation].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsPrenatal Diagnosis and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of Copy Number Variations on 4p15.2p16.3, Xp22.31, and 12p11.1q11 in a Fetus with Ultrasound Anomalies: A Case Report and Literature Review.
BioMed research internationalH3K36 dimethylation by MMSET promotes classical non-homologous end-joining at unprotected telomeres.
OncogeneDo microdeletions lead to immune deficiency?
Central-European journal of immunologyOlfactory hypoplasia and oculomotor nerve hypoplasia in a patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical NeurophysiologyWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: Prenatal diagnosis and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a de novo distal deletion of 4p (4p16.1 → pter) in a fetus with facial cleft and preaxial polydactyly.
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecologyWHSC1 promotes wnt/β-catenin signaling in a FoxM1-dependent manner facilitating proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.
Journal of receptor and signal transduction researchThe First Korean Case of De Novo Proximal 4p Deletion Syndrome in a Child With Developmental Delay.
Annals of laboratory medicineAcute NelfA knockdown restricts compensatory gene expression and precipitates ventricular dysfunction during cardiac hypertrophy.
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiologyHip displacement in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: Report on three cases and review of associated musculoskeletal pathologies.
American journal of medical genetics. Part APartial Monosomy 4p and Trisomy 12q due to a t(4;12)(p16.3;q24.31) Familial Translocation in Two Cousins.
Molecular syndromologyNonossified cervical vertebrae in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: A case report.
Medicine50 Years Ago in TheJournal ofPediatrics: Human Chromosomal Deletion: Two Patients with the 4p-Syndrome.
The Journal of pediatricsMelatonin reverses the oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction caused by LETM1 silencing.
Cell biology internationalInternational meeting on Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: Update on the nosology and new insights on the pathogenic mechanisms for seizures and growth delay.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ASevere congenital bilateral corneal ulceration due to Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: a case-report and review of the ophthalmic literature.
Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and StrabismusDe novo truncating variant in NSD2gene leading to atypical Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome phenotype.
BMC medical geneticsWHSC1 acts as a prognostic indicator and functions as an oncogene in cervical cancer.
OncoTargets and therapy[Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Description of five cases characterized by means of single nucleotide polymorphism microarrays].
Archivos argentinos de pediatriaA Scalable Platform for Producing Recombinant Nucleosomes with Codified Histone Methyltransferase Substrate Preferences.
Protein expression and purification[Prenatal diagnosis for a pedigree affected with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome due to a subtle chromosomal translocation].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsThe Many Faces of Xenopus: Xenopus laevis as a Model System to Study Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Frontiers in physiologyDe novo loss-of-function variants in NSD2 (WHSC1) associate with a subset of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Cold Spring Harbor molecular case studiesLETM1: Essential for Mitochondrial Biology and Cation Homeostasis?
Trends in biochemical sciencesThe histone methyltransferase WHSC1 is regulated by EZH2 and is important for ovarian clear cell carcinoma cell proliferation.
BMC cancerWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome-Associated Genes Are Enriched in Motile Neural Crest Cells and Affect Craniofacial Development in Xenopus laevis.
Frontiers in physiologyLETM1 is required for mitochondrial homeostasis and cellular viability (Review).
Molecular medicine reportsClinical experience with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for microdeletion syndromes in prenatal diagnosis: 7522 pregnant Korean women.
Molecular cytogeneticsMolecular Mechanisms of Leucine Zipper EF-Hand Containing Transmembrane Protein-1 Function in Health and Disease.
International journal of molecular sciencesEpigenetic Deregulation in Human Primary Immunodeficiencies.
Trends in immunologyPrioritization of Candidate Genes for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in a Critical Region on Chromosome 4p16 using a Machine-Learning Algorithm.
Journal of pediatric geneticsNatural histories of patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome derived from variable chromosomal abnormalities.
Congenital anomaliesDevelopmental delay and failure to thrive associated with a loss-of-function variant in WHSC1 (NSD2).
American journal of medical genetics. Part APrenatal Diagnosis of BACs-on-Beads Assay in 3647 Cases of Amniotic Fluid Cells.
Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)Risk of hepatic neoplasms in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (4p-): Four new cases and review of the literature.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ASmall 4p16.3 deletions: Three additional patients and review of the literature.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ARecombinant chromosome 4 in two fetuses - case report and literature review.
Molecular cytogeneticsPost-Prandial Hyperinsulinaemic Hypoglycaemia after Oesophageal Surgery in Children.
Hormone research in paediatricsLETM1 couples mitochondrial DNA metabolism and nutrient preference.
EMBO molecular medicineDe novo truncating variants in WHSC1 recapitulate the Wolf-Hirschhorn (4p16.3 microdeletion) syndrome phenotype.
Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical GeneticsDissecting the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome phenotype: WHSC1 is a neurodevelopmental gene contributing to growth delay, intellectual disability, and to the facial dysmorphism.
Journal of human geneticsPrenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: from ultrasound findings, diagnostic technology to genetic counseling.
Archives of gynecology and obstetricsDe novo nonsense mutation in WHSC1 (NSD2) in patient with intellectual disability and dysmorphic features.
Journal of human geneticsCytogenomic Integrative Network Analysis of the Critical Region Associated with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
BioMed research internationalGrowth trajectory and pubertal tempo from birth till final height in a girl with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reportsPrenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome at the first trimester using chromosomal microarray analysis.
Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology : the journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and GynaecologyPrenatal diagnosis of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: Ultrasonography and molecular karyotyping results.
European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biologyHuman ring chromosome registry for cases in the Chinese population: re-emphasizing Cytogenomic and clinical heterogeneity and reviewing diagnostic and treatment strategies.
Molecular cytogeneticsA survey of antiepileptic drug responses identifies drugs with potential efficacy for seizure control in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Epilepsy & behavior : E&BDetecting TF-miRNA-gene network based modules for 5hmC and 5mC brain samples: a intra- and inter-species case-study between human and rhesus.
BMC geneticsPrenatal diagnosis of a 1.6-Mb 4p16.3 interstitial microdeletion encompassing FGFRL1 and TACC3 associated with bilateral cleft lip and palate of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome facial dysmorphism and short long bones.
Taiwanese journal of obstetrics & gynecologyDiabetes Mellitus Secondary to Acute Pancreatitis in a Child with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Case reports in endocrinologyCongenital cavitary optic disc anomaly and Axenfeld's anomaly in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: A case report and review of the literature.
Ophthalmic geneticsOligonephronia and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: A further observation.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AAnesthetic considerations for a pediatric patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: a case report.
Journal of dental anesthesia and pain medicine[Prenatal genetic analysis of a fetus with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and Edward syndrome].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics[Application of chromosomal microarray analysis for fetuses with ventricular septal defects].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics[Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: just a citation omission? Reply].
Revista de neurologia[Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: just a citation omission?].
Revista de neurologiaA structured assessment of motor function, behavior, and communication in patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
European journal of medical geneticsWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical and Genetic Data from a First Case Diagnosed in Central Africa.
Journal of pediatric geneticsHepatoblastoma and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome: Coincidence or a new feature of a rare disease?
Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric SocietyLimited survivability of unbalanced progeny of carriers of a unique t(4;19)(p15.32;p13.3): a study in multiple generations.
Molecular cytogeneticsReport of an unsual case of anophthalmia and craniofacial cleft in a newborn with Toxoplasma gondii congenital infection.
BMC infectious diseasesWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Candidate 1 (whsc1) Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Governing Cell Differentiation.
Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.)[Clinical Application of Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Karyotyping with Uncertain Genomic Rearrangement].
Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science editionWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome Candidate 1 Is Necessary for Correct Hematopoietic and B Cell Development.
Cell reports[Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome. Description of a Spanish cohort of 51 cases and a literature review].
Revista de neurologiaDe novo unbalanced translocation (4p duplication/8p deletion) in a patient with autism, OCD, and overgrowth syndrome.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ATreatment of intractable seizure in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with bromide.
Brain & developmentSingle port laparoscopic splenectomy for wandering spleen with splenomegaly in a patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome.
Journal of minimal access surgeryHepatic Malignancy in an Infant with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Fetal and pediatric pathologyEpigenetic activation of WHSC1 functions as an oncogene and is associated with poor prognosis in cervical cancer.
Oncology reportsWolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1-like 1 epigenetically regulates nephrin gene expression.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology[Prenatal diagnosis of a case with 46,XX,del(4),dup(21)].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsSabotaging of the oxidative stress response by an oncogenic noncoding RNA.
FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental BiologyA Conversation with Kurt and Rochelle Hirschhorn.
Annual review of genomics and human geneticsA case for cannabidiol in Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome seizure management.
American journal of medical genetics. Part ANeuroblastoma in a Child With Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Journal of pediatric hematology/oncologyEarly Postnatal Seizures in a Neonate with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
AJP reportsWolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome with Epibulbar Dermoid: An Unusual Association in a Patient with 4p Deletion and Functional Xp Disomy.
Cytogenetic and genome researchExploring the developmental mechanisms underlying Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Evidence for defects in neural crest cell migration.
Developmental biology[The Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome].
Zeitschrift fur Geburtshilfe und NeonatologieAirway Management in a Patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Case reports in pediatricsLeucine zipper-EF-hand containing transmembrane protein 1 (LETM1) forms a Ca2+/H+ antiporter.
Scientific reportsRing Chromosome 4 in a Child with Multiple Congenital Abnormalities: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Case reports in geneticsWolf-Hirschhorn (4p-) syndrome with West syndrome.
Epilepsy & behavior case reportsA genotype-phenotype correlation study reveals that a non-coding RNA might be associated with cardiovascular anomalies in fetuses with WHS.
Prenatal diagnosis[A case of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome diagnosed by single nucleotide polymorphism array].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics4p16.3 microdeletions and microduplications detected by chromosomal microarray analysis: New insights into mechanisms and critical regions.
American journal of medical genetics. Part A[Prenatal diagnosis of chromosome abnormalities and nine microdeletion syndromes using both traditional karyotyping and BoBs].
Zhonghua fu chan ke za zhiAnalyses of Genotypes and Phenotypes of Ten Chinese Patients with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome by Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification and Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization.
Chinese medical journalDiagnostics of common microdeletion syndromes using fluorescence in situ hybridization: single center experience in a developing country.
Bosnian journal of basic medical sciencesAssociações
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Study of NSD2 using a dTAG system reveals their molecular mechanism and oncogenic implications in t(4;14) multiple myeloma.
- Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers in pediatric epilepsy: A longitudinal cohort study.
- Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with growth hormone deficiency: long-term response to RhGH therapy.
- Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome patients with chromosomal 4p deletion.
- Elevated levels of Letm1 drives mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte stress-mediated apoptosis in cultured cardiomyocytes.
- Acute airway obstruction in a paediatric patient with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome requiring emergency tracheostomy.
- Epilepsy in Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome: Clinical Insights from a Pediatric Cohort and a Review of the Literature.
- The Whsc2/NelfA -dependent transcription complex is required for postnatal cardiac development and heart function.
- Renal Hypoplasia and Oligomeganephronia in a Fetus with Wolf-Hirschhorn Syndrome.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:280(Orphanet)
- OMIM OMIM:194190(OMIM)
- MONDO:0008684(MONDO)
- GARD:7896(GARD (NIH))
- Variantes catalogadas(ClinVar)
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Artigo Wikipedia(Wikipedia)
- Q610075(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
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