Síndrome de Down, também denominada trissomia 21 ou trissomia do cromossomo 21, é uma alteração genética causada pela presença integral ou parcial de uma terceira cópia do cromossoma 21. A condição está geralmente associada a atraso no desenvolvimento infantil, feições faciais características e deficiência intelectual leve a moderada.
Introdução
O que você precisa saber de cara
Síndrome da duplicação parcial do cromossomo 4 é uma condição rara associada a características faciais distintas como columela curta e prognatismo mandibular, além de deficiência intelectual, macrocefalia e comportamentos autistas.
Encontrou um erro ou informação desatualizada? Sugira uma correção →
Entender a doença
Do básico ao detalhe, leia no seu ritmo
Preparando trilha educativa...
Sinais e sintomas
O que aparece no corpo e com que frequência cada sintoma acontece
Partes do corpo afetadas
+ 22 sintomas em outras categorias
Características mais comuns
Os sintomas variam de pessoa para pessoa. Abaixo estão as 70 características clínicas mais associadas, ordenadas por frequência.
Linha do tempo da pesquisa
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Genética e causas
O que está alterado no DNA e como passa nas famílias
Condição cromossômica — cromossomo 4
Causada pelo excesso de material do cromossomo 4. O fenótipo resulta da alteração na dose de múltiplos genes simultaneamente — não há gene causal único. Diagnóstico por cariótipo, CMA ou FISH.
Genes triplosensíveis (sensíveis ao excesso de dose)
Genes do cromossomo 4 com evidência de sensibilidade à dose segundo ClinGen Dosage Map . São fortes candidatos a explicar parte do fenótipo.
Fontes: ClinGen Dosage Sensitivity Map · GENCODE v44 (GRCh38)
Diagnóstico
Os sinais que médicos procuram e os exames que confirmam
Tratamento e manejo
Remédios, cuidados de apoio e o que precisa acompanhar
Onde tratar no SUS
Hospitais de referência no Brasil e o protocolo oficial do SUS (PCDT)
🇧🇷 Atendimento SUS — Trissomia parcial do cromossomo 4
Centros de Referência SUS
24 centros habilitados pelo SUS para Trissomia parcial do cromossomo 4
Centros para Trissomia parcial do cromossomo 4
Detalhes dos centros
Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos (HUPES)
R. Dr. Augusto Viana, s/n - Canela, Salvador - BA, 40110-060 · CNES 0003808
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Infantil Albert Sabin
R. Tertuliano Sales, 544 - Vila União, Fortaleza - CE, 60410-794 · CNES 2407876
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Apoio de Brasília (HAB)
AENW 3 Lote A Setor Noroeste - Plano Piloto, Brasília - DF, 70684-831 · CNES 0010456
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Estadual Infantil e Maternidade Alzir Bernardino Alves (HIABA)
Av. Min. Salgado Filho, 918 - Soteco, Vila Velha - ES, 29106-010 · CNES 6631207
Serviço de Referência
Hospital das Clínicas da UFG
Rua 235 QD. 68 Lote Área, Nº 285, s/nº - Setor Leste Universitário, Goiânia - GO, 74605-050 · CNES 2338424
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário da UFJF
R. Catulo Breviglieri, Bairro - s/n - Santa Catarina, Juiz de Fora - MG, 36036-110 · CNES 2297442
Atenção Especializada
Hospital das Clínicas da UFMG
Av. Prof. Alfredo Balena, 110 - Santa Efigênia, Belo Horizonte - MG, 30130-100 · CNES 2280167
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário Julio Müller (HUJM)
R. Luis Philippe Pereira Leite, s/n - Alvorada, Cuiabá - MT, 78048-902 · CNES 2726092
Atenção Especializada
Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto
R. dos Mundurucus, 4487 - Guamá, Belém - PA, 66073-000 · CNES 2337878
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley (HULW)
R. Tabeliao Estanislau Eloy, 585 - Castelo Branco, João Pessoa - PB, 58050-585 · CNES 0002470
Atenção Especializada
Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP)
R. dos Coelhos, 300 - Boa Vista, Recife - PE, 50070-902 · CNES 0000647
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Pequeno Príncipe
R. Des. Motta, 1070 - Água Verde, Curitiba - PR, 80250-060 · CNES 3143805
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário Regional de Maringá (HUM)
Av. Mandacaru, 1590 - Parque das Laranjeiras, Maringá - PR, 87083-240 · CNES 2216108
Atenção Especializada
Hospital de Clínicas da UFPR
R. Gen. Carneiro, 181 - Alto da Glória, Curitiba - PR, 80060-900 · CNES 2364980
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto (HUPE-UERJ)
Blvd. 28 de Setembro, 77 - Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 20551-030 · CNES 2280221
Serviço de Referência
Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira (IFF/Fiocruz)
Av. Rui Barbosa, 716 - Flamengo, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, 22250-020 · CNES 2269988
Serviço de Referência
Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS
Av. Ipiranga, 6690 - Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre - RS, 90610-000 · CNES 2232928
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)
Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Bloco A - Av. Protásio Alves, 211 - Bloco B e C - Santa Cecília, Porto Alegre - RS, 90035-903 · CNES 2237601
Serviço de Referência
Hospital Universitário da UFSC (HU-UFSC)
R. Profa. Maria Flora Pausewang - Trindade, Florianópolis - SC, 88036-800 · CNES 2560356
Serviço de Referência
Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP
R. Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos, 225 - Cerqueira César, São Paulo - SP, 05403-010 · CNES 2077485
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Base de São José do Rio Preto
Av. Brg. Faria Lima, 5544 - Vila Sao Jose, São José do Rio Preto - SP, 15090-000 · CNES 2079798
Atenção Especializada
Hospital de Clínicas da UNICAMP
R. Vital Brasil, 251 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-888 · CNES 2748223
Serviço de Referência
Hospital de Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto (HCRP-USP)
R. Ten. Catão Roxo, 3900 - Vila Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto - SP, 14015-010 · CNES 2082187
Serviço de Referência
UNIFESP / Hospital São Paulo
R. Napoleão de Barros, 715 - Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04024-002 · CNES 2688689
Serviço de Referência
Dados de DATASUS/CNES, SBGM, ABNeuro e Ministério da Saúde. Sempre confirme a disponibilidade diretamente com o estabelecimento.
Pesquisa ativa
Ensaios clínicos abertos e novidades científicas recentes
Pesquisa e ensaios clínicos
Nenhum ensaio clínico registrado para esta condição.
Publicações mais relevantes
Long-Term Survival Among Children With Trisomy 13 and Trisomy 18 by Cytogenetic Status.
Trisomy 13 (T13) and trisomy 18 (T18) are chromosomal abnormalities with high mortality rates in the first year of life. Understanding differences in long-term survival between children with full vs mosaic or partial trisomy is crucial for prognosis and health care planning. To examine the differences in 10-year survival between children with full T13 and T18 vs those with mosaic or partial trisomy. This retrospective, population-based cohort study assessed liveborn infants with T13 and T18 in the Texas Birth Defects Registry (deliveries from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2008). Follow-up was through December 31, 2018 (the last date available at the time of analyses) to allow for 10 years of follow-up for all infants. All analyses were conducted from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2024. Cytogenetic status (full trisomy vs mosaic or partial trisomy). The primary outcome was survival to 10 years of age, assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. The association between cytogenetic status and mortality by 10 years of age was assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression to generate hazard ratios (HRs). Population attributable fraction was calculated to determine the percentage of survival attributable to mosaic or partial trisomy status. The study cohort included 798 infants (463 female infants [58.0%]; mean [SD] maternal age, 30.9 [8.0] years) with T13 (n = 295) or T18 (n = 503). Among all cases with T13, 25 infants (8.5%; 95% CI, 5.5%-12.3%) survived to 10 years of age. Similarly, among all infants with T18, 43 (8.6%; 95% CI, 6.3%-11.3%) survived to 10 years of age. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates to 10 years of age were statistically significantly higher among children with mosaic or partial trisomy (13 [25.0%] and 14 [43.8%], respectively) compared with full trisomy (12 [4.9%] and 29 [6.6%], respectively) (both P < .001). Infants with full trisomy had statistically significantly increased 10-year mortality hazards compared with those with mosaic or partial trisomy for both T13 (HR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.42-2.82) and T18 (HR, 3.34; 95% CI, 2.08-5.38). The results of the calculated proportion of 10-year survival due to the presence of nonfull trisomy status (population attributable fraction) was 41.7% for children with T13 and 27.9% for children with T18. The findings of this cohort study of infants with T13 and T18 support differences in long-term survival based on cytogenetic status and emphasize the need to potentially reassess the context of these conditions generally being considered incompatible with life, particularly for those with mosaic trisomies. These findings offer context surrounding treatment decisions, such as withholding interventions, for affected infants in the future.
Co-Occurrence of Urogenital Anomalies and Congenital Heart Disease in a Child With Alpha-Thalassemia Mental Retardation Syndrome Associated With Chromosome 16 Abnormalities due to Partial Monosomy 16p13.3 and Partial Trisomy 16q22.1-q24.3.
We report the case of a 3-year-old girl with alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation linked to chromosome 16 (ATR-16) syndrome. The patient presented with hypotonia, developmental delay, and characteristic facial features including hypertelorism and a broad nasal bridge. Blood test results indicated microcytic anemia and normal iron status, suggestive of thalassemia. Genetic analysis revealed that the patient harbored a 465 kb deletion in the 16p13.3 region and a 19.4 Mb duplication in the 16q22.1-q24.3 region. The patient presented with rare complications of ATR-16 syndrome, including anal fistula, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Comparison of this case with previously reported patients with pure partial trisomy 16q suggested that the duplicated distal 16q region may be a critical locus associated with VUR and PDA.
Prenatal diagnosis of partial duplication chromosome 21q11.2-21q21.1: A case report and literature review.
We report the prenatal diagnosis for a small supernumerary marker chromosome derived from chromosome 21q11.2-q21.1. A 40-year-old woman presenting at 13 weeks of gestation underwent noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) due to advanced maternal age. A positive finding for trisomy 21 urged genetic counseling and subsequent amniocentesis. Amniocentesis revealed a karyotype of 47, XX,+mar. The parental karyotypes were normal, and prenatal ultrasound findings were unremarkable. At a follow-up genetic counseling session, additional prenatal genetic testing was undertaken, specifically, amniocentesis including microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). The aCGH analysis of cultured amniocytes revealed a 1.4 MB duplication of the 21q11.2-q21.1 segment, which is not associated with Down syndrome, and the couple decided to continue her pregnancy. The infant was born without the symptoms of Down syndrome and remains to be so till six months. We thus present a clinically and genetically unique case of discordant NIPT and aCGH results.
Optical Genome Mapping in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Clinical Value and Limitations Derived From a Cohort of 236 Patients.
Identification of cytogenetic abnormalities is critical for the classification and risk stratification of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Optical genome mapping (OGM) is an emerging cytogenomic platform that enables high-resolution genome-wide cytogenetic analysis. We analyzed bone marrow specimens of 236 MDS patients, 149 newly diagnosed and 87 with relapsed/refractory disease, using OGM, conventional karyotyping, and next-generation sequencing analysis. OGM and karyotyping showed concordant results in 68% of cases, including 34% with normal findings by both assays. OGM provided additional information in 27% of patients. Common abnormalities detected exclusively by OGM included chromoanagenesis (n = 33), KMT2A partial tandem duplication (n = 7), and MECOM rearrangement (n = 4). These OGM findings led to disease reclassification and/or changes in risk stratification in 14 patients (9.4%) with newly diagnosed MDS. In contrast, OGM failed to detect small clones or subclones in 5% of patients, resulting in risk group changes in 2% of newly diagnosed MDS patients. We conclude that OGM enhances the cytogenetic assessment of MDS in approximately 25% of patients and leads to a change in disease classification and/or risk stratification in approximately 10% of patients. However, low sensitivity for detecting small clones or subclones remains a limitation of OGM.
[Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of two fetuses with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome].
To explore the prenatal ultrasound phenotype and genetic basis of two fetuses with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS). A retrospective analysis was conducted on the ultrasound imaging data of two fetuses suspected for WHS at the Prenatal Diagnostic Center of Qingyuan People's Hospital in July 2017 and August 2019, respectively. Amniotic fluid samples of the two fetuses were subjected to chromosomal karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA). This study was approved by the Qingyuan People's Hospital (Ethics No. IRB-2022-064). Prenatal ultrasound examination of the two fetuses had consistently revealed WHS-associated traits including intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), craniofacial abnormalities and cardiovascular anomalies. Karyotyping analysis suggested that both fetuses had harbored cryptic chromosomal translocations involving partial deletion of 4p. And parental verification revealed that it was de novo for fetus 1 and paternal for fetus 2. CMA has confirmed that fetus 1 had an approximately 8.7 Mb deletion at 4p16.3p16.1 and a 6.8 Mb duplication at 8p23.1p23.1, whilst fetus 2 had a 20.05 Mb deletion at 4p16.3p15.31 and a 7.66 Mb duplication at 9p24.3p24.1. The karyotype of fetus 1 was determined as 46,XN,der(4)t(4;8)(p16.1;p23.1)dn.arr[hg19]4p16.3p16.1(68345_8721580)×1, 8p23.3p23.1(158048_6933745)×3, and that of fetus 2 was determined as 46,XN,der(4)t(4;9)(p15.3;p24)pat.arr[hg19]4p16.3p15.31(68345_20116061)×1, 9p24.3p24.1(208454_7868292)×3. The 4p deletion is probably the main cause for the WHS phenotype in both fetuses. WHS should be suspected when IUGR, renal anomalies, craniofacial and cardiovascular abnormalities are detected upon prenatal ultrasound screening.
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Co-Occurrence of Urogenital Anomalies and Congenital Heart Disease in a Child With Alpha-Thalassemia Mental Retardation Syndrome Associated With Chromosome 16 Abnormalities due to Partial Monosomy 16p13.3 and Partial Trisomy 16q22.1-q24.3.
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Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc[Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of two fetuses with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome].
Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical geneticsPrevalence, diagnostic features, and medical outcomes of females with Turner syndrome with a trisomy X cell line (45,X/47,XXX): Results from the InsighTS Registry.
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American journal of medical genetics. Part ADuplications upstream and downstream of SHOX identified as novel causes of Leri-Weill dyschondrosteosis or idiopathic short stature.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AGood response to long-term therapy with growth hormone in a patient with 9p trisomy syndrome: A case report and review of the literature.
American journal of medical genetics. Part AA large Indian family with rearrangement of chromosome 4p16 and 3p26.3 and divergent clinical presentations.
BMC medical geneticsSmall supernumerary marker chromosomes and their correlation with specific syndromes.
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Annals of pediatric endocrinology & metabolismPartial trisomy 4q and partial monosomy 9p in a girl with choanal atresia and various dysmorphic findings.
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International journal of audiologyMolecular cytogenetic characterization of a 2q35-q37 duplication and a 4q35.1-q35.2 deletion in two cousins: a genotype-phenotype analysis.
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Cytogenetic and genome researchAssociações
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Referências e fontes
Bases de dados externas citadas neste artigo
Publicações científicas
Artigos indexados no PubMed ligados a esta doença no grafo RarasNet — título, periódico e PMID direto da fonte, sem intermediação de IA.
- Long-Term Survival Among Children With Trisomy 13 and Trisomy 18 by Cytogenetic Status.
- Co-Occurrence of Urogenital Anomalies and Congenital Heart Disease in a Child With Alpha-Thalassemia Mental Retardation Syndrome Associated With Chromosome 16 Abnormalities due to Partial Monosomy 16p13.3 and Partial Trisomy 16q22.1-q24.3.
- Prenatal diagnosis of partial duplication chromosome 21q11.2-21q21.1: A case report and literature review.
- Optical Genome Mapping in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Clinical Value and Limitations Derived From a Cohort of 236 Patients.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc· 2025· PMID 40780682mais citado
- [Prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of two fetuses with Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome].Zhonghua yi xue yi chuan xue za zhi = Zhonghua yixue yichuanxue zazhi = Chinese journal of medical genetics· 2024· PMID 39344614mais citado
- Mast cell mediators in hereditary angioedema.
- Prenatal Molecular Diagnosis of COL2A1-Associated Stickler Syndrome: Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in a Resource-Limited Healthcare Setting.
- Platelet gene signatures detecting pulmonary artery stenosis in patients with pulmonary hypertension.
- The global impact of imiglucerase therapy in children with Gaucher disease types 1 and 3: a real-world analysis from the International Collaborative Gaucher Group Gaucher Registry.
- Monogenic lupus with SLC7A7 mutations: a retrospective study from a Chinese center.
Bases de dados e fontes oficiais
Identificadores e referências canônicas usadas para montar este verbete.
- ORPHA:262206(Orphanet)
- MONDO:0016924(MONDO)
- GARD:20845(GARD (NIH))
- Busca completa no PubMed(PubMed)
- Q55786634(Wikidata)
Dados compilados pelo RarasNet a partir de fontes abertas (Orphanet, OMIM, MONDO, PubMed/EuropePMC, ClinicalTrials.gov, DATASUS, PCDT/MS). Este conteúdo é informativo e não substitui avaliação médica.
Conteúdo mantido por Agente Raras · Médicos e pesquisadores podem colaborar
