Component of the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex, a protein dislocase complex that mediates the ATP-dependent extraction of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomal membranes, an essential step for PEX5 recycling (PubMed:11439091, PubMed:16314507, PubMed:16854980, PubMed:21362118, PubMed:29884772). Specifically recognizes PEX5 monoubiquitinated at 'Cys-11', and pulls it out of the peroxisome lumen through the PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 retrotranslocation channel (PubMed:29884772). Extraction by the PEX1-PEX6 AAA A

Cytoplasm, cytosolPeroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 1

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Peroxisomal trifunctional enzyme possessing 2-enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and delta 3, delta 2-enoyl-CoA isomerase activities. Catalyzes two of the four reactions of the long chain fatty acids peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway (By similarity). Can also use branched-chain fatty acids such as 2-methyl-2E-butenoyl-CoA as a substrate, which is hydrated into (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-methylbutanoyl-CoA (By similarity). Optimal isomerase for 2,5 double bonds into 3,5 form isomeriz

Peroxisome

Fanconi renotubular syndrome 3

A form of Fanconi renotubular syndrome, a disease due to a generalized dysfunction of the proximal kidney tubule resulting in decreased solute and water reabsorption. Patients have polydipsia and polyuria with phosphaturia, glycosuria and aminoaciduria. They may develop hypophosphatemic rickets or osteomalacia, acidosis and a tendency toward dehydration. Some eventually develop renal insufficiency. FRTS3 inheritance is autosomal dominant.

Functions as a chaperone protein (PubMed:18287538, PubMed:9396746). Is one of the most abundant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins (PubMed:18287538, PubMed:9396746). Plays a role in the export of secreted proteins in the ER, the recognition of abnormally folded protein and their targeting to the ER associated-degradation (ERAD) (PubMed:18287538, PubMed:9396746). Also serves as a cargo receptor for the export of transmembrane proteins (By similarity). Plays a role in the assembly of the mitochon

Endoplasmic reticulum membraneEndoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane

Deafness, dystonia, and cerebral hypomyelination

An X-linked recessive syndrome characterized by sensorineural deafness, intellectual disability, dysmorphic facial features, dystonia, pyramidal signs, almost no psychomotor development, and hypomyelination on brain imaging.

Dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase catalyzing the first step in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens, a subset of phospholipids that differ from other glycerolipids by having an alkyl chain attached through a vinyl ether linkage at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone, and which unique physical properties have an impact on various aspects of cell signaling and membrane biology

Peroxisome membrane

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata 2

A form of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, a disease characterized by severely disturbed endochondral bone formation, rhizomelic shortening of femur and humerus, vertebral disorders, dwarfism, cataract, cutaneous lesions, facial dysmorphism, and severe intellectual disability with spasticity.

Catalyzes the 2-hydroxylation of not only racemic phytanoyl-CoA and the isomers of 3-methylhexadecanoyl-CoA, but also a variety of other mono-branched 3-methylacyl-CoA esters (with a chain length of at least seven carbon atoms) and straight-chain acyl-CoA esters (with a chain length longer than four carbon atoms) (PubMed:10744784, PubMed:12031666, PubMed:12923223, PubMed:9326939). Does not hydroxylate long and very long straight chain acyl-CoAs or 2-methyl- and 4-methyl-branched acyl-CoAs (PubMe

Peroxisome

Refsum disease

A rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal disorder characterized by the accumulation of the branched-chain fatty acid, phytanic acid, in blood and tissues. Cardinal clinical features are retinitis pigmentosa, peripheral neuropathy, cerebellar ataxia, and elevated protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Half of all patients exhibit generalized, mild to moderate ichthyosis resembling ichthyosis vulgaris. Less constant features are nerve deafness, anosmia, skeletal abnormalities, cataracts and cardiac impairment.

Catalyzes the reduction of saturated and unsaturated C16 or C18 fatty acyl-CoA to fatty alcohols (PubMed:15220348, PubMed:24108123, PubMed:35238077). It plays an essential role in the production of ether lipids/plasmalogens which synthesis requires fatty alcohols (PubMed:20071337, PubMed:24108123, PubMed:33239752). In parallel, it is also required for wax monoesters production since fatty alcohols also constitute a substrate for their synthesis (By similarity) (PubMed:24108123, PubMed:35238077)

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1 disorder

An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder clinically characterized by severe intellectual disability, early-onset epilepsy, microcephaly, congenital cataracts, growth retardation, and spasticity.

ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family involved in the transport of very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA)-CoA from the cytosol to the peroxisome lumen (PubMed:11248239, PubMed:15682271, PubMed:16946495, PubMed:18757502, PubMed:21145416, PubMed:23671276, PubMed:29397936, PubMed:33500543). Coupled to the ATP-dependent transporter activity also has a fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase activity (ACOT) and hydrolyzes VLCFA-CoA into VLCFA prior their ATP-dependent transport into pero

Peroxisome membraneMitochondrion membraneLysosome membraneEndoplasmic reticulum membrane

Adrenoleukodystrophy

A peroxisomal metabolic disorder characterized by progressive multifocal demyelination of the central nervous system and by peripheral adrenal insufficiency (Addison disease). It results in mental deterioration, corticospinal tract dysfunction, and cortical blindness. Different clinical manifestations exist like: cerebral childhood ALD (CALD), adult cerebral ALD (ACALD), adrenomyeloneuropathy (AMN) and 'Addison disease only' (ADO) phenotype.

Mitochondrial acyltransferase which transfers an acyl group to the N-terminus of glycine and glutamine, although much less efficiently. Can conjugate numerous substrates to form a variety of N-acylglycines, with a preference for benzoyl-CoA over phenylacetyl-CoA as acyl donors. Thereby detoxify xenobiotics, such as benzoic acid or salicylic acid, and endogenous organic acids, such as isovaleric acid

Mitochondrion

Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that catalyzes the transport of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)-CoA, dicarboxylic acids-CoA, long-branched-chain fatty acids-CoA and bile acids from the cytosol to the peroxisome lumen for beta-oxydation (PubMed:11248239, PubMed:24333844, PubMed:25168382, PubMed:29397936). Has fatty acyl-CoA thioesterase and ATPase activities (PubMed:29397936). Probably hydrolyzes fatty acyl-CoAs into free fatty acids pr

Peroxisome membrane

Congenital bile acid synthesis defect 5

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, hepatic fibrosis, progressive liver failure, and accumulation of peroxisomal C27-bile acid intermediates in plasma.

Peroxisomal aminotransferase that catalyzes the transamination of glyoxylate to glycine and contributes to the glyoxylate detoxification (PubMed:10960483, PubMed:12777626, PubMed:23229545, PubMed:24055001, PubMed:26149463). Also catalyzes the transamination between L-serine and pyruvate and contributes to gluconeogenesis from the L-serine metabolism (PubMed:10347152)

Peroxisome

Hyperoxaluria primary 1

An inborn error of glyoxylate metabolism characterized by increased excretion of oxalate and glycolate, and progressive tissue accumulation of insoluble calcium oxalate. Affected individuals are at risk for nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and early onset end-stage renal disease.

Bifunctional enzyme acting on the peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway. Catalyzes two of the four reactions in fatty acid degradation: hydration of 2-enoyl-CoA (trans-2-enoyl-CoA) to produce (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, and dehydrogenation of (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to produce 3-ketoacyl-CoA (3-oxoacyl-CoA), which is further metabolized by SCPx. Can use straight-chain and branched-chain fatty acids, as well as bile acid intermediates as substrates

Peroxisome

D-bifunctional protein deficiency

Disorder of peroxisomal fatty acid beta-oxidation.

Involved in peroxisome biosynthesis and integrity. Assembles membrane vesicles before the matrix proteins are translocated. As a docking factor for PEX19, is necessary for the import of peroxisomal membrane proteins in the peroxisomes

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 12

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Functions in mitochondrial and peroxisomal division (PubMed:11514614, PubMed:12499366, PubMed:17301055, PubMed:17460227, PubMed:17553808, PubMed:18695047, PubMed:18838687, PubMed:19342591, PubMed:19411255, PubMed:19638400, PubMed:23283981, PubMed:23530241, PubMed:23921378, PubMed:26992161, PubMed:27145208, PubMed:27145933, PubMed:27301544, PubMed:27328748, PubMed:29478834, PubMed:32439975, PubMed:32484300, PubMed:9570752, PubMed:9786947). Mediates membrane fission through oligomerization into me

Cytoplasm, cytosolGolgi apparatusEndomembrane systemMitochondrion outer membranePeroxisomeMembrane, clathrin-coated pitCytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle membrane

Catalyzes the interconversion of (R)- and (S)-stereoisomers of alpha-methyl-branched-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters (PubMed:10655068, PubMed:11060359, PubMed:7649182). Acts only on coenzyme A thioesters, not on free fatty acids, and accepts as substrates a wide range of alpha-methylacyl-CoAs, including pristanoyl-CoA, trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA (an intermediate in bile acid synthesis), and arylpropionic acids like the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen (2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid) but neither

PeroxisomeMitochondrion

Alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase deficiency

A rare autosomal recessive peroxisomal disorder characterized by elevated plasma concentrations of pristanic acid C27-bile-acid intermediates, and adult onset of variable neurodegenerative symptoms affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems. Features may include seizures, visual failure, sensorimotor neuropathy, spasticity, migraine, and white matter hyperintensities on brain imaging.

Major component of the axial/lateral elements of synaptonemal complexes (SCS) during meiotic prophase. Plays a role in the assembly of synaptonemal complexes. Required for normal meiotic chromosome synapsis during oocyte and spermatocyte development and for normal male and female fertility. Required for insertion of SYCP3 into synaptonemal complexes. May be involved in the organization of chromatin by temporarily binding to DNA scaffold attachment regions. Requires SYCP3, but not SYCP1, in order

NucleusChromosome

Spermatogenic failure 1

An infertility disorder characterized by azoospermia due to spermatogenic arrest during meiosis. Meiotic arrest is characterized by germ cells that enter meiosis and undergo the first chromosomal reduction from 4n to 2n, but that are then unable to proceed further. This results in tubules containing spermatocytes as the latest developmental stage of germ cells. Meiotically arrested spermatocytes accumulate in the tubules and degenerate. Both autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant inheritance have been reported.

Involved in peroxisomal proliferation (PubMed:9792670). May regulate peroxisome division by recruiting the dynamin-related GTPase DNM1L to the peroxisomal membrane (PubMed:12618434). Promotes membrane protrusion and elongation on the peroxisomal surface (PubMed:20826455)

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 14B

An autosomal recessive peroxisome biogenesis disorder characterized clinically by mild intellectual disability, congenital cataracts, progressive hearing loss, and polyneuropathy. Additionally, recurrent migraine-like episodes following mental stress or physical exertion, not a common feature in peroxisome disorders, are observed.

Necessary for early peroxisomal biogenesis. Acts both as a cytosolic chaperone and as an import receptor for peroxisomal membrane proteins (PMPs). Binds and stabilizes newly synthesized PMPs in the cytoplasm by interacting with their hydrophobic membrane-spanning domains, and targets them to the peroxisome membrane by binding to the integral membrane protein PEX3. Excludes CDKN2A from the nucleus and prevents its interaction with MDM2, which results in active degradation of TP53

CytoplasmPeroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 14

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Catalyzes the exchange of the acyl chain in acyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate (acyl-DHAP) for a long chain fatty alcohol, yielding the first ether linked intermediate, i.e. alkyl-dihydroxyacetonephosphate (alkyl-DHAP), in the pathway of ether lipid biosynthesis

Peroxisome membranePeroxisome

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata 3

A form of rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata, a disease characterized by severely disturbed endochondral bone formation, rhizomelic shortening of femur and humerus, vertebral disorders, dwarfism, cataract, cutaneous lesions, facial dysmorphism, and severe intellectual disability with spasticity.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase required to prevent centriole reduplication (PubMed:15885686, PubMed:23769972). Probably acts by ubiquitinating positive regulators of centriole reduplication (PubMed:23769972). Mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A (H2AK119Ub), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression: associates with some Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC2-like complex and mediates repression of target genes (PubMed:25470042). Also acts as a positive regulator o

ChromosomeCytoplasm, perinuclear regionPeroxisome membrane

Mulibrey nanism

An autosomal recessive growth disorder characterized by severe growth failure of prenatal onset, constrictive pericardium and progressive cardiomyopathy, facial dysmorphism, and failure of sexual maturation. Additional clinical features include hepatomegaly, muscle hypotonia, J-shaped sella turcica, yellowish dots in the ocular fundi, hypoplasia of various endocrine glands, insulin resistance with type 2 diabetes, and an increased risk for Wilms' tumor.

Plays a role in mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission (PubMed:18353969, PubMed:23530241, PubMed:24196833). Promotes the recruitment and association of the fission mediator dynamin-related protein 1 (DNM1L) to the mitochondrial surface (PubMed:23530241). May be involved in regulation of synaptic vesicle membrane dynamics by recruitment of DNM1L to clathrin-containing vesicles (By similarity)

Mitochondrion outer membranePeroxisomeCytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, synaptic vesicle

Encephalopathy due to defective mitochondrial and peroxisomal fission 2

An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by delayed psychomotor development, severe hypotonia with inability to walk, microcephaly, and abnormal signals in the basal ganglia. More variable features include early-onset seizures, optic atrophy, and peripheral neuropathy.

Receptor required for the peroxisomal import of proteins containing a C-terminal PTS2-type peroxisomal targeting signal (PubMed:11931631, PubMed:22057399, PubMed:25538232, PubMed:9090381). Specifically binds to cargo proteins containing a PTS2 peroxisomal targeting signal in the cytosol (PubMed:11931631, PubMed:22057399, PubMed:25538232). Cargo protein-binding triggers interaction with PEX5 and formation of a ternary complex composed of PEX5 and PEX7 along with PTS2-containing cargo proteins, wh

Cytoplasm, cytosolPeroxisome matrix

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 11

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component of a retrotranslocation channel required for peroxisome organization by mediating export of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomes to the cytosol, thereby promoting PEX5 recycling (PubMed:24662292). The retrotranslocation channel is composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12; each subunit contributing transmembrane segments that coassemble into an open channel that specifically allows the passage of PEX5 through the peroxisomal membrane (By similarity). PEX2 also regulat

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 5

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Peroxisomal docking factor that anchors PEX1 and PEX6 to peroxisome membranes (PubMed:12717447, PubMed:12851857, PubMed:16257970, PubMed:16763195, PubMed:16854980, PubMed:21362118). PEX26 is therefore required for the formation of the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex, a complex that mediates the extraction of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomal membrane (PubMed:12717447, PubMed:12851857, PubMed:16257970, PubMed:16763195, PubMed:16854980, PubMed:21362118)

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 8

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor (PubMed:28765278, PubMed:8858165, PubMed:9653144). The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm (By similarity). Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion o

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 13

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Involved in the initial and rate-limiting step of peroxisomal beta-oxidation of straight-chain saturated and unsaturated very-long-chain fatty acids (PubMed:15060085, PubMed:17458872, PubMed:17603022, PubMed:32169171, PubMed:33234382, PubMed:7876265). Catalyzes the desaturation of fatty acyl-CoAs that have a saturated bond between C2 and C3 (2,3-saturated acyl-CoA) to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs ((2E)-enoyl-CoAs), and donates electrons directly to molecular oxygen (O(2)), thereby producing hydrogen perox

Peroxisome

Adrenoleukodystrophy, pseudoneonatal

A peroxisomal single-enzyme disorder of fatty acid beta-oxidation, resulting in clinical manifestations that remind neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy. Clinical features include intellectual disability, leukodystrophy, seizures, mild hepatomegaly, hearing deficit. Pseudo-NALD is characterized by increased plasma levels of very-long chain fatty acids, due to decreased or absent peroxisome acyl-CoA oxidase activity. Peroxisomes are intact and functioning.

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase component of a retrotranslocation channel required for peroxisome organization by mediating export of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomes to the cytosol, thereby promoting PEX5 recycling (PubMed:24662292). The retrotranslocation channel is composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12; each subunit contributing transmembrane segments that coassemble into an open channel that specifically allows the passage of PEX5 through the peroxisomal membrane (By similarity). PEX10 also regula

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 7

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Component of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex, a translocon channel that specifically mediates the import of peroxisomal cargo proteins bound to PEX5 receptor (PubMed:24235149, PubMed:28765278, PubMed:9653144). The PEX13-PEX14 docking complex forms a large import pore which can be opened to a diameter of about 9 nm (By similarity). Mechanistically, PEX5 receptor along with cargo proteins associates with the PEX14 subunit of the PEX13-PEX14 docking complex in the cytosol, leading to the insertion

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group K

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Receptor that mediates peroxisomal import of proteins containing a C-terminal PTS1-type tripeptide peroxisomal targeting signal (SKL-type) (PubMed:11101887, PubMed:11336669, PubMed:12456682, PubMed:16314507, PubMed:17157249, PubMed:17428317, PubMed:21976670, PubMed:26344566, PubMed:7706321, PubMed:7719337, PubMed:7790377). Binds to cargo proteins containing a PTS1 peroxisomal targeting signal in the cytosol, and translocates them into the peroxisome matrix by passing through the PEX13-PEX14 dock

Cytoplasm, cytosolPeroxisome matrix

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder 2A

A fatal peroxisome biogenesis disorder belonging to the Zellweger disease spectrum and characterized clinically by severe neurologic dysfunction with profound psychomotor retardation, severe hypotonia and neonatal seizures, craniofacial abnormalities, liver dysfunction, and biochemically by the absence of peroxisomes. Additional features include cardiovascular and skeletal defects, renal cysts, ocular abnormalities, and hearing impairment. Most severely affected individuals with the classic form of the disease (classic Zellweger syndrome) die within the first year of life.

Required for peroxisome membrane biogenesis. May play a role in early stages of peroxisome assembly. Can recruit other peroxisomal proteins, such as PEX3 and PMP34, to de novo peroxisomes derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). May function as receptor for PEX3

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 9

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Component of the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex, a protein dislocase complex that mediates the ATP-dependent extraction of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomal membranes, an essential step for PEX5 recycling (PubMed:16314507, PubMed:16854980, PubMed:21362118, PubMed:29884772). Specifically recognizes PEX5 monoubiquitinated at 'Cys-11', and pulls it out of the peroxisome lumen through the PEX2-PEX10-PEX12 retrotranslocation channel (PubMed:29884772). Extraction by the PEX1-PEX6 AAA ATPase complex is

Cytoplasm, cytosolPeroxisome membraneCell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 4

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).

Component of a retrotranslocation channel required for peroxisome organization by mediating export of the PEX5 receptor from peroxisomes to the cytosol, thereby promoting PEX5 recycling (PubMed:24662292, PubMed:9354782, PubMed:9632816). The retrotranslocation channel is composed of PEX2, PEX10 and PEX12; each subunit contributing transmembrane segments that coassemble into an open channel that specifically allows the passage of PEX5 through the peroxisomal membrane (By similarity). PEX12 also re

Peroxisome membrane

Peroxisome biogenesis disorder complementation group 3

A peroxisomal disorder arising from a failure of protein import into the peroxisomal membrane or matrix. The peroxisome biogenesis disorders (PBD group) are genetically heterogeneous with at least 14 distinct genetic groups as concluded from complementation studies. Include disorders are: Zellweger syndrome (ZWS), neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), infantile Refsum disease (IRD), and classical rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP). ZWS, NALD and IRD are distinct from RCDP and constitute a clinical continuum of overlapping phenotypes known as the Zellweger spectrum (PBD-ZSS).